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GEM-SciDuet-train-131#paper-1354#slide-17
1354
Neural Argument Generation Augmented with Externally Retrieved Evidence
High quality arguments are essential elements for human reasoning and decision-making processes. However, effective argument construction is a challenging task for both human and machines. In this work, we study a novel task on automatically generating arguments of a different stance for a given statement. We propose a...
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{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "3", "4", "4.1", "4.2", "5.1", "5.2", "6.1", "6.2", "6.3", "7.1", "7.2", "7.3", "8", "9", "10" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Framework", "Data Collection and Processing", "Model...
GEM-SciDuet-train-131#paper-1354#slide-17
Sample Argument
Original Post Generated Counterargument Putin is trying to re-form a Soviet Union with his past actions in Georgia and current actions in Ukraine. I firmly believe that Putin and the Russian Federation (RF) are trying to re-form a Soviet Union type regime The Russian Army invaded certain regions of Georgia There are tw...
Original Post Generated Counterargument Putin is trying to re-form a Soviet Union with his past actions in Georgia and current actions in Ukraine. I firmly believe that Putin and the Russian Federation (RF) are trying to re-form a Soviet Union type regime The Russian Army invaded certain regions of Georgia There are tw...
[]
GEM-SciDuet-train-131#paper-1354#slide-18
1354
Neural Argument Generation Augmented with Externally Retrieved Evidence
High quality arguments are essential elements for human reasoning and decision-making processes. However, effective argument construction is a challenging task for both human and machines. In this work, we study a novel task on automatically generating arguments of a different stance for a given statement. We propose a...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "3", "4", "4.1", "4.2", "5.1", "5.2", "6.1", "6.2", "6.3", "7.1", "7.2", "7.3", "8", "9", "10" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Framework", "Data Collection and Processing", "Model...
GEM-SciDuet-train-131#paper-1354#slide-18
Future Directions
Better evidence retrieval system Prone to incoherence, inaccurate information, generic generation etc
Better evidence retrieval system Prone to incoherence, inaccurate information, generic generation etc
[]
GEM-SciDuet-train-131#paper-1354#slide-19
1354
Neural Argument Generation Augmented with Externally Retrieved Evidence
High quality arguments are essential elements for human reasoning and decision-making processes. However, effective argument construction is a challenging task for both human and machines. In this work, we study a novel task on automatically generating arguments of a different stance for a given statement. We propose a...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "3", "4", "4.1", "4.2", "5.1", "5.2", "6.1", "6.2", "6.3", "7.1", "7.2", "7.3", "8", "9", "10" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Framework", "Data Collection and Processing", "Model...
GEM-SciDuet-train-131#paper-1354#slide-19
Conclusion
We study a novel neural argument generation task. We collect and release a new dataset from r/ChangeMyView and accompanying Wikipedia evidence for argument generation research. We propose an end-to-end argument generation system, enhanced with Wikipedia retrieved evidence sentences.
We study a novel neural argument generation task. We collect and release a new dataset from r/ChangeMyView and accompanying Wikipedia evidence for argument generation research. We propose an end-to-end argument generation system, enhanced with Wikipedia retrieved evidence sentences.
[]
GEM-SciDuet-train-132#paper-1355#slide-0
1355
Towards Understanding the Geometry of Knowledge Graph Embeddings
Knowledge Graph (KG) embedding has emerged as a very active area of research over the last few years, resulting in the development of several embedding methods. These KG embedding methods represent KG entities and relations as vectors in a high-dimensional space. Despite this popularity and effectiveness of KG embeddin...
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{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "3", "3.1", "3.2", "4", "5", "6", "6.2", "6.2.1", "7" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Related Work", "Overview of KG Embedding Methods", "Additive KG Embedding Methods", "Multiplicative KG Embedding ...
GEM-SciDuet-train-132#paper-1355#slide-0
Knowledge Graphs KG
Football Team Lionel Messi
Football Team Lionel Messi
[]
GEM-SciDuet-train-132#paper-1355#slide-1
1355
Towards Understanding the Geometry of Knowledge Graph Embeddings
Knowledge Graph (KG) embedding has emerged as a very active area of research over the last few years, resulting in the development of several embedding methods. These KG embedding methods represent KG entities and relations as vectors in a high-dimensional space. Despite this popularity and effectiveness of KG embeddin...
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{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "3", "3.1", "3.2", "4", "5", "6", "6.2", "6.2.1", "7" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Related Work", "Overview of KG Embedding Methods", "Additive KG Embedding Methods", "Multiplicative KG Embedding ...
GEM-SciDuet-train-132#paper-1355#slide-1
KG Embeddings
Represents entities and relations as vectors in a vector space 1. Translating Embeddings for Modeling Multi-relational Data, Bordes et al. NIPS 2013.
Represents entities and relations as vectors in a vector space 1. Translating Embeddings for Modeling Multi-relational Data, Bordes et al. NIPS 2013.
[]
GEM-SciDuet-train-132#paper-1355#slide-2
1355
Towards Understanding the Geometry of Knowledge Graph Embeddings
Knowledge Graph (KG) embedding has emerged as a very active area of research over the last few years, resulting in the development of several embedding methods. These KG embedding methods represent KG entities and relations as vectors in a high-dimensional space. Despite this popularity and effectiveness of KG embeddin...
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{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "3", "3.1", "3.2", "4", "5", "6", "6.2", "6.2.1", "7" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Related Work", "Overview of KG Embedding Methods", "Additive KG Embedding Methods", "Multiplicative KG Embedding ...
GEM-SciDuet-train-132#paper-1355#slide-2
Geometry of Embeddings
Arrangement of vectors in the vector space. A recent work by (Mimno and Thompson, 2017)1 presented an analysis of the geometry of word embeddings and revealed interesting results. However, geometrical understanding of KG embeddings is very limited, despite their popularity. 1. The strange geometry of skip-gram with neg...
Arrangement of vectors in the vector space. A recent work by (Mimno and Thompson, 2017)1 presented an analysis of the geometry of word embeddings and revealed interesting results. However, geometrical understanding of KG embeddings is very limited, despite their popularity. 1. The strange geometry of skip-gram with neg...
[]
GEM-SciDuet-train-132#paper-1355#slide-3
1355
Towards Understanding the Geometry of Knowledge Graph Embeddings
Knowledge Graph (KG) embedding has emerged as a very active area of research over the last few years, resulting in the development of several embedding methods. These KG embedding methods represent KG entities and relations as vectors in a high-dimensional space. Despite this popularity and effectiveness of KG embeddin...
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{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "3", "3.1", "3.2", "4", "5", "6", "6.2", "6.2.1", "7" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Related Work", "Overview of KG Embedding Methods", "Additive KG Embedding Methods", "Multiplicative KG Embedding ...
GEM-SciDuet-train-132#paper-1355#slide-3
Problem
Study the geometrical behavior of KG embeddings learnt by different methods. Study the effect of various hyper-parameters used during training on the geometry of KG embeddings. Study the correlation between the geometry and performance of KG embeddings.
Study the geometrical behavior of KG embeddings learnt by different methods. Study the effect of various hyper-parameters used during training on the geometry of KG embeddings. Study the correlation between the geometry and performance of KG embeddings.
[]
GEM-SciDuet-train-132#paper-1355#slide-4
1355
Towards Understanding the Geometry of Knowledge Graph Embeddings
Knowledge Graph (KG) embedding has emerged as a very active area of research over the last few years, resulting in the development of several embedding methods. These KG embedding methods represent KG entities and relations as vectors in a high-dimensional space. Despite this popularity and effectiveness of KG embeddin...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "3", "3.1", "3.2", "4", "5", "6", "6.2", "6.2.1", "7" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Related Work", "Overview of KG Embedding Methods", "Additive KG Embedding Methods", "Multiplicative KG Embedding ...
GEM-SciDuet-train-132#paper-1355#slide-4
KG Embedding Methods
Learns d-dimensional vectors for entities and relations in a KG. A score function distinguishes correct triples from incorrect triples (Messi, plays-for-team, Barcelona) > (Messi, plays-for-team, Liverpool) A loss function is used for training the embeddings (usually logistic loss or margin-based ranking loss). Entry-w...
Learns d-dimensional vectors for entities and relations in a KG. A score function distinguishes correct triples from incorrect triples (Messi, plays-for-team, Barcelona) > (Messi, plays-for-team, Liverpool) A loss function is used for training the embeddings (usually logistic loss or margin-based ranking loss). Entry-w...
[]
GEM-SciDuet-train-132#paper-1355#slide-6
1355
Towards Understanding the Geometry of Knowledge Graph Embeddings
Knowledge Graph (KG) embedding has emerged as a very active area of research over the last few years, resulting in the development of several embedding methods. These KG embedding methods represent KG entities and relations as vectors in a high-dimensional space. Despite this popularity and effectiveness of KG embeddin...
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{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "3", "3.1", "3.2", "4", "5", "6", "6.2", "6.2.1", "7" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Related Work", "Overview of KG Embedding Methods", "Additive KG Embedding Methods", "Multiplicative KG Embedding ...
GEM-SciDuet-train-132#paper-1355#slide-6
Experiments
We study the effect of following factors on the geometry of KG Type of method (Additive or Multiplicative) Number of Negative Samples Dimension of Vector Space We also study the correlation of performance and geometry.
We study the effect of following factors on the geometry of KG Type of method (Additive or Multiplicative) Number of Negative Samples Dimension of Vector Space We also study the correlation of performance and geometry.
[]
GEM-SciDuet-train-132#paper-1355#slide-9
1355
Towards Understanding the Geometry of Knowledge Graph Embeddings
Knowledge Graph (KG) embedding has emerged as a very active area of research over the last few years, resulting in the development of several embedding methods. These KG embedding methods represent KG entities and relations as vectors in a high-dimensional space. Despite this popularity and effectiveness of KG embeddin...
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{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "3", "3.1", "3.2", "4", "5", "6", "6.2", "6.2.1", "7" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Related Work", "Overview of KG Embedding Methods", "Additive KG Embedding Methods", "Multiplicative KG Embedding ...
GEM-SciDuet-train-132#paper-1355#slide-9
Additive vs Multiplicative
Model Type Conicity Vector Spread
Model Type Conicity Vector Spread
[]
GEM-SciDuet-train-132#paper-1355#slide-10
1355
Towards Understanding the Geometry of Knowledge Graph Embeddings
Knowledge Graph (KG) embedding has emerged as a very active area of research over the last few years, resulting in the development of several embedding methods. These KG embedding methods represent KG entities and relations as vectors in a high-dimensional space. Despite this popularity and effectiveness of KG embeddin...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "3", "3.1", "3.2", "4", "5", "6", "6.2", "6.2.1", "7" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Related Work", "Overview of KG Embedding Methods", "Additive KG Embedding Methods", "Multiplicative KG Embedding ...
GEM-SciDuet-train-132#paper-1355#slide-10
Effect of Negative Samples Entity Vectors
Model Type Vector Type Conicity AVL Entity No Change No Change Relation No Change No Change Multiplicative Relation Decreases No Change except HolE
Model Type Vector Type Conicity AVL Entity No Change No Change Relation No Change No Change Multiplicative Relation Decreases No Change except HolE
[]
GEM-SciDuet-train-132#paper-1355#slide-11
1355
Towards Understanding the Geometry of Knowledge Graph Embeddings
Knowledge Graph (KG) embedding has emerged as a very active area of research over the last few years, resulting in the development of several embedding methods. These KG embedding methods represent KG entities and relations as vectors in a high-dimensional space. Despite this popularity and effectiveness of KG embeddin...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "3", "3.1", "3.2", "4", "5", "6", "6.2", "6.2.1", "7" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Related Work", "Overview of KG Embedding Methods", "Additive KG Embedding Methods", "Multiplicative KG Embedding ...
GEM-SciDuet-train-132#paper-1355#slide-11
SGNS Word2Vec1 as Multiplicative Model
Similar observation was made by (Mimno and Thompson, 2017)2 for SGNS based word embeddings where higher #negatives resulted in higher conicity. Word2Vec1 maximizes word and context vector dot product for positive word-context pairs. This behavior is consistent with that of multiplicative models. 1. Distributed represen...
Similar observation was made by (Mimno and Thompson, 2017)2 for SGNS based word embeddings where higher #negatives resulted in higher conicity. Word2Vec1 maximizes word and context vector dot product for positive word-context pairs. This behavior is consistent with that of multiplicative models. 1. Distributed represen...
[]
GEM-SciDuet-train-132#paper-1355#slide-13
1355
Towards Understanding the Geometry of Knowledge Graph Embeddings
Knowledge Graph (KG) embedding has emerged as a very active area of research over the last few years, resulting in the development of several embedding methods. These KG embedding methods represent KG entities and relations as vectors in a high-dimensional space. Despite this popularity and effectiveness of KG embeddin...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "3", "3.1", "3.2", "4", "5", "6", "6.2", "6.2.1", "7" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Related Work", "Overview of KG Embedding Methods", "Additive KG Embedding Methods", "Multiplicative KG Embedding ...
GEM-SciDuet-train-132#paper-1355#slide-13
Effect of Dimensions
Model Type Vector Type Conicity AVL Entity No Change No Change Relation No Change No Change
Model Type Vector Type Conicity AVL Entity No Change No Change Relation No Change No Change
[]
GEM-SciDuet-train-132#paper-1355#slide-14
1355
Towards Understanding the Geometry of Knowledge Graph Embeddings
Knowledge Graph (KG) embedding has emerged as a very active area of research over the last few years, resulting in the development of several embedding methods. These KG embedding methods represent KG entities and relations as vectors in a high-dimensional space. Despite this popularity and effectiveness of KG embeddin...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "3", "3.1", "3.2", "4", "5", "6", "6.2", "6.2.1", "7" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Related Work", "Overview of KG Embedding Methods", "Additive KG Embedding Methods", "Multiplicative KG Embedding ...
GEM-SciDuet-train-132#paper-1355#slide-14
Correlation b w Geometry and Performance
No correlation between geometry and performance. For fixed number of negative samples, Conicity has negative correlation with performance AVL has positive correlation with performance
No correlation between geometry and performance. For fixed number of negative samples, Conicity has negative correlation with performance AVL has positive correlation with performance
[]
GEM-SciDuet-train-132#paper-1355#slide-15
1355
Towards Understanding the Geometry of Knowledge Graph Embeddings
Knowledge Graph (KG) embedding has emerged as a very active area of research over the last few years, resulting in the development of several embedding methods. These KG embedding methods represent KG entities and relations as vectors in a high-dimensional space. Despite this popularity and effectiveness of KG embeddin...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "3", "3.1", "3.2", "4", "5", "6", "6.2", "6.2.1", "7" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Related Work", "Overview of KG Embedding Methods", "Additive KG Embedding Methods", "Multiplicative KG Embedding ...
GEM-SciDuet-train-132#paper-1355#slide-15
Conclusion and Future Works
We initiated the study of geometrical behavior of KG embeddings and presented various insights. Explore whether other entity/relation features (eg entity category) have any correlation with geometry. Explore other geometrical metrics which have better correlation with performance and use it for learning better KG embed...
We initiated the study of geometrical behavior of KG embeddings and presented various insights. Explore whether other entity/relation features (eg entity category) have any correlation with geometry. Explore other geometrical metrics which have better correlation with performance and use it for learning better KG embed...
[]
GEM-SciDuet-train-133#paper-1358#slide-0
1358
What makes a good conversation? How controllable attributes affect human judgments
A good conversation requires balance -between simplicity and detail; staying on topic and changing it; asking questions and answering them. Although dialogue agents are commonly evaluated via human judgments of overall quality, the relationship between quality and these individual factors is less well-studied. In this ...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-133#paper-1358#slide-0
Natural Language Generation task spectrum
Less open-ended More open-ended Neural LMs more successful Neural LMs less successful Makes errors like repetition and generic response (under certain decoding algorithms). Neural LMs less successful Difficulty learning to make high-level decisions. Control = ability to specify desired attributes of the text at test ti...
Less open-ended More open-ended Neural LMs more successful Neural LMs less successful Makes errors like repetition and generic response (under certain decoding algorithms). Neural LMs less successful Difficulty learning to make high-level decisions. Control = ability to specify desired attributes of the text at test ti...
[]
GEM-SciDuet-train-133#paper-1358#slide-1
1358
What makes a good conversation? How controllable attributes affect human judgments
A good conversation requires balance -between simplicity and detail; staying on topic and changing it; asking questions and answering them. Although dialogue agents are commonly evaluated via human judgments of overall quality, the relationship between quality and these individual factors is less well-studied. In this ...
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{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "4", "5", "5.1", "5.2", "6", "6.1", "6.2", "6.3", "6.4", "7", "8", "8.1", "8.2", "8.3", "9" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Related Work", "Baseline model", "Controllable text gen...
GEM-SciDuet-train-133#paper-1358#slide-1
Our research questions
By controlling multiple attributes of generated text and human-evaluating multiple aspects of conversational quality, we aim to answer the following: 1. How effectively can we control the different attributes? Pretty well! But some control methods only work for some attributes. 2. How do the controllable attributes aff...
By controlling multiple attributes of generated text and human-evaluating multiple aspects of conversational quality, we aim to answer the following: 1. How effectively can we control the different attributes? Pretty well! But some control methods only work for some attributes. 2. How do the controllable attributes aff...
[]
GEM-SciDuet-train-133#paper-1358#slide-2
1358
What makes a good conversation? How controllable attributes affect human judgments
A good conversation requires balance -between simplicity and detail; staying on topic and changing it; asking questions and answering them. Although dialogue agents are commonly evaluated via human judgments of overall quality, the relationship between quality and these individual factors is less well-studied. In this ...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-133#paper-1358#slide-2
PersonaChat task
I love to drink fancy tea. I have a big library at home. I'm a museum tour guide. I have two dogs. I like to work on vintage cars. My favorite music is country. I own two vintage Mustangs. Hello, how are you doing? Great thanks, just listening to my favorite Johnny Cash album! Nice! I'm not much of a music fan myself, ...
I love to drink fancy tea. I have a big library at home. I'm a museum tour guide. I have two dogs. I like to work on vintage cars. My favorite music is country. I own two vintage Mustangs. Hello, how are you doing? Great thanks, just listening to my favorite Johnny Cash album! Nice! I'm not much of a music fan myself, ...
[]
GEM-SciDuet-train-133#paper-1358#slide-3
1358
What makes a good conversation? How controllable attributes affect human judgments
A good conversation requires balance -between simplicity and detail; staying on topic and changing it; asking questions and answering them. Although dialogue agents are commonly evaluated via human judgments of overall quality, the relationship between quality and these individual factors is less well-studied. In this ...
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{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "4", "5", "5.1", "5.2", "6", "6.1", "6.2", "6.3", "6.4", "7", "8", "8.1", "8.2", "8.3", "9" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Related Work", "Baseline model", "Controllable text gen...
GEM-SciDuet-train-133#paper-1358#slide-3
What attributes do we control
Goal: Reduce repetition (within and across utterances) Goal: Reduce genericness of responses (e.g. oh that's cool) Goal: Respond more on-topic; don't ignore user Goal: Find the optimal rate of question-asking
Goal: Reduce repetition (within and across utterances) Goal: Reduce genericness of responses (e.g. oh that's cool) Goal: Respond more on-topic; don't ignore user Goal: Find the optimal rate of question-asking
[]
GEM-SciDuet-train-133#paper-1358#slide-4
1358
What makes a good conversation? How controllable attributes affect human judgments
A good conversation requires balance -between simplicity and detail; staying on topic and changing it; asking questions and answering them. Although dialogue agents are commonly evaluated via human judgments of overall quality, the relationship between quality and these individual factors is less well-studied. In this ...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-133#paper-1358#slide-4
What quality aspects do we measure
Does the bot repeat itself? Did you find the bot interesting to talk to? Does the bot say things that don't make sense? Does the bot use English naturally? Does the bot pay attention to what you say? Does the bot ask a good amount of questions? Is it a person or a bot? Is it enjoyable to talk to?
Does the bot repeat itself? Did you find the bot interesting to talk to? Does the bot say things that don't make sense? Does the bot use English naturally? Does the bot pay attention to what you say? Does the bot ask a good amount of questions? Is it a person or a bot? Is it enjoyable to talk to?
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GEM-SciDuet-train-133#paper-1358#slide-5
1358
What makes a good conversation? How controllable attributes affect human judgments
A good conversation requires balance -between simplicity and detail; staying on topic and changing it; asking questions and answering them. Although dialogue agents are commonly evaluated via human judgments of overall quality, the relationship between quality and these individual factors is less well-studied. In this ...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-133#paper-1358#slide-5
Control methods
Conditional Training (CT): Train the model to generate response y, conditioned on the input x, and the desired output attribute z. Weighted Decoding (WD): During decoding, increase/decrease the probability of generating words w in proportion to features f(w).
Conditional Training (CT): Train the model to generate response y, conditioned on the input x, and the desired output attribute z. Weighted Decoding (WD): During decoding, increase/decrease the probability of generating words w in proportion to features f(w).
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GEM-SciDuet-train-133#paper-1358#slide-6
1358
What makes a good conversation? How controllable attributes affect human judgments
A good conversation requires balance -between simplicity and detail; staying on topic and changing it; asking questions and answering them. Although dialogue agents are commonly evaluated via human judgments of overall quality, the relationship between quality and these individual factors is less well-studied. In this ...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "4", "5", "5.1", "5.2", "6", "6.1", "6.2", "6.3", "6.4", "7", "8", "8.1", "8.2", "8.3", "9" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Related Work", "Baseline model", "Controllable text gen...
GEM-SciDuet-train-133#paper-1358#slide-6
Q1 How effectively can we control attributes
Attributes: repetition, specificity, question-asking, response-relatedness Conditional Training (CT): Weighted Decoding (WD): Requires sufficient training examples for the attribute Requires attribute to be defined at the word-level Ineffective at learning complex relationships between input and output ( response-relat...
Attributes: repetition, specificity, question-asking, response-relatedness Conditional Training (CT): Weighted Decoding (WD): Requires sufficient training examples for the attribute Requires attribute to be defined at the word-level Ineffective at learning complex relationships between input and output ( response-relat...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-133#paper-1358#slide-7
1358
What makes a good conversation? How controllable attributes affect human judgments
A good conversation requires balance -between simplicity and detail; staying on topic and changing it; asking questions and answering them. Although dialogue agents are commonly evaluated via human judgments of overall quality, the relationship between quality and these individual factors is less well-studied. In this ...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-133#paper-1358#slide-7
Controlling specificity WD and CT
WD: Large range, but degenerate output at the extremes CT: Smaller range, but generally well- formed output
WD: Large range, but degenerate output at the extremes CT: Smaller range, but generally well- formed output
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GEM-SciDuet-train-133#paper-1358#slide-8
1358
What makes a good conversation? How controllable attributes affect human judgments
A good conversation requires balance -between simplicity and detail; staying on topic and changing it; asking questions and answering them. Although dialogue agents are commonly evaluated via human judgments of overall quality, the relationship between quality and these individual factors is less well-studied. In this ...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-133#paper-1358#slide-8
Controlling response relatedness WD
Output is degenerate when weight is too high
Output is degenerate when weight is too high
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GEM-SciDuet-train-133#paper-1358#slide-9
1358
What makes a good conversation? How controllable attributes affect human judgments
A good conversation requires balance -between simplicity and detail; staying on topic and changing it; asking questions and answering them. Although dialogue agents are commonly evaluated via human judgments of overall quality, the relationship between quality and these individual factors is less well-studied. In this ...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "4", "5", "5.1", "5.2", "6", "6.1", "6.2", "6.3", "6.4", "7", "8", "8.1", "8.2", "8.3", "9" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Related Work", "Baseline model", "Controllable text gen...
GEM-SciDuet-train-133#paper-1358#slide-9
Q2 How does control affect human eval
Reduce n-gram repetition to human level (reduce genericness) to human level Increase response- relatedness (similarity to last utterance)
Reduce n-gram repetition to human level (reduce genericness) to human level Increase response- relatedness (similarity to last utterance)
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GEM-SciDuet-train-133#paper-1358#slide-10
1358
What makes a good conversation? How controllable attributes affect human judgments
A good conversation requires balance -between simplicity and detail; staying on topic and changing it; asking questions and answering them. Although dialogue agents are commonly evaluated via human judgments of overall quality, the relationship between quality and these individual factors is less well-studied. In this ...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-133#paper-1358#slide-10
Q3 Can we make a better chatbot overall
Yes! By controlling repetition, specificity and question-asking, we achieve near-human engagingness (i.e. enjoyability) ratings. Our raw engagingness score matches the ConvAI2 competition winner's GPT-based model, even though ours is: much smaller (2 layers vs 12) trained on 12x less data However: On the humanness (i.e...
Yes! By controlling repetition, specificity and question-asking, we achieve near-human engagingness (i.e. enjoyability) ratings. Our raw engagingness score matches the ConvAI2 competition winner's GPT-based model, even though ours is: much smaller (2 layers vs 12) trained on 12x less data However: On the humanness (i.e...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-133#paper-1358#slide-11
1358
What makes a good conversation? How controllable attributes affect human judgments
A good conversation requires balance -between simplicity and detail; staying on topic and changing it; asking questions and answering them. Although dialogue agents are commonly evaluated via human judgments of overall quality, the relationship between quality and these individual factors is less well-studied. In this ...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-133#paper-1358#slide-11
Engagingness vs Humanness
Finding: Our bots are (almost) as engaging as humans, but they're clearly non-human. 2. On this task, the human "engagingness" performance may be artificially low. Turkers chatting for money are less engaging than people chatting for fun. This may be why the human-level engagingness scores are easy to match.
Finding: Our bots are (almost) as engaging as humans, but they're clearly non-human. 2. On this task, the human "engagingness" performance may be artificially low. Turkers chatting for money are less engaging than people chatting for fun. This may be why the human-level engagingness scores are easy to match.
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GEM-SciDuet-train-133#paper-1358#slide-12
1358
What makes a good conversation? How controllable attributes affect human judgments
A good conversation requires balance -between simplicity and detail; staying on topic and changing it; asking questions and answering them. Although dialogue agents are commonly evaluated via human judgments of overall quality, the relationship between quality and these individual factors is less well-studied. In this ...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-133#paper-1358#slide-12
Conclusions
Control is a good idea for your neural sequence generation dialogue system. Using simple control, we matched performance of GPT-based contest winner. Don't repeat yourself. Don't be boring. Ask more questions. Multi-turn phenomena (repetition, question-asking frequency) are important so need multi-turn eval to detect t...
Control is a good idea for your neural sequence generation dialogue system. Using simple control, we matched performance of GPT-based contest winner. Don't repeat yourself. Don't be boring. Ask more questions. Multi-turn phenomena (repetition, question-asking frequency) are important so need multi-turn eval to detect t...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-134#paper-1359#slide-0
1359
Searching for the X-Factor: Exploring Corpus Subjectivity for Word Embeddings
We explore the notion of subjectivity, and hypothesize that word embeddings learnt from input corpora of varying levels of subjectivity behave differently on natural language processing tasks such as classifying a sentence by sentiment, subjectivity, or topic. Through systematic comparative analyses, we establish this ...
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{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "2.1", "2.2", "3", "4.1", "4.2", "5", "6", "7" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Data and Methodology", "Generating Word Embeddings", "Evaluation Tasks", "Comparative Analyses of Subjective vs. Objective C...
GEM-SciDuet-train-134#paper-1359#slide-0
Word Embeddings
Dense vectors of words Unsupervised training: GloVe, Word2Vec Words in similar context tend to have similar meaning Words with similar meanings tend to be close in embedding space
Dense vectors of words Unsupervised training: GloVe, Word2Vec Words in similar context tend to have similar meaning Words with similar meanings tend to be close in embedding space
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GEM-SciDuet-train-134#paper-1359#slide-1
1359
Searching for the X-Factor: Exploring Corpus Subjectivity for Word Embeddings
We explore the notion of subjectivity, and hypothesize that word embeddings learnt from input corpora of varying levels of subjectivity behave differently on natural language processing tasks such as classifying a sentence by sentiment, subjectivity, or topic. Through systematic comparative analyses, we establish this ...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "2.1", "2.2", "3", "4.1", "4.2", "5", "6", "7" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Data and Methodology", "Generating Word Embeddings", "Evaluation Tasks", "Comparative Analyses of Subjective vs. Objective C...
GEM-SciDuet-train-134#paper-1359#slide-1
Training Word Embeddings
This camera is good for high quality
This camera is good for high quality
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GEM-SciDuet-train-134#paper-1359#slide-3
1359
Searching for the X-Factor: Exploring Corpus Subjectivity for Word Embeddings
We explore the notion of subjectivity, and hypothesize that word embeddings learnt from input corpora of varying levels of subjectivity behave differently on natural language processing tasks such as classifying a sentence by sentiment, subjectivity, or topic. Through systematic comparative analyses, we establish this ...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "2.1", "2.2", "3", "4.1", "4.2", "5", "6", "7" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Data and Methodology", "Generating Word Embeddings", "Evaluation Tasks", "Comparative Analyses of Subjective vs. Objective C...
GEM-SciDuet-train-134#paper-1359#slide-3
Wikipedia
An article must be written from a neutral point of view, which among other things means representing fairly, proportionately, and, as far as possible, without editorial bias, all of the significant views that have been published by reliable sources on a topic.
An article must be written from a neutral point of view, which among other things means representing fairly, proportionately, and, as far as possible, without editorial bias, all of the significant views that have been published by reliable sources on a topic.
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GEM-SciDuet-train-134#paper-1359#slide-5
1359
Searching for the X-Factor: Exploring Corpus Subjectivity for Word Embeddings
We explore the notion of subjectivity, and hypothesize that word embeddings learnt from input corpora of varying levels of subjectivity behave differently on natural language processing tasks such as classifying a sentence by sentiment, subjectivity, or topic. Through systematic comparative analyses, we establish this ...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "2.1", "2.2", "3", "4.1", "4.2", "5", "6", "7" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Data and Methodology", "Generating Word Embeddings", "Evaluation Tasks", "Comparative Analyses of Subjective vs. Objective C...
GEM-SciDuet-train-134#paper-1359#slide-5
Subjectivity Scale
More Objective More Subjective
More Objective More Subjective
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GEM-SciDuet-train-134#paper-1359#slide-6
1359
Searching for the X-Factor: Exploring Corpus Subjectivity for Word Embeddings
We explore the notion of subjectivity, and hypothesize that word embeddings learnt from input corpora of varying levels of subjectivity behave differently on natural language processing tasks such as classifying a sentence by sentiment, subjectivity, or topic. Through systematic comparative analyses, we establish this ...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "2.1", "2.2", "3", "4.1", "4.2", "5", "6", "7" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Data and Methodology", "Generating Word Embeddings", "Evaluation Tasks", "Comparative Analyses of Subjective vs. Objective C...
GEM-SciDuet-train-134#paper-1359#slide-6
Binary Classification Tasks
Sentiment Classification (positive vs. negative): Amazon Reviews (24 categories) + Rotten Tomatoes Reviews A very funny movie vs. One lousy movie Subjectivity Classification (subjective vs. objective) The story needs more dramatic meat vs. She's an artist Topic Classification (in-topic vs. out-of-topic) Newsgroups Data...
Sentiment Classification (positive vs. negative): Amazon Reviews (24 categories) + Rotten Tomatoes Reviews A very funny movie vs. One lousy movie Subjectivity Classification (subjective vs. objective) The story needs more dramatic meat vs. She's an artist Topic Classification (in-topic vs. out-of-topic) Newsgroups Data...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-134#paper-1359#slide-7
1359
Searching for the X-Factor: Exploring Corpus Subjectivity for Word Embeddings
We explore the notion of subjectivity, and hypothesize that word embeddings learnt from input corpora of varying levels of subjectivity behave differently on natural language processing tasks such as classifying a sentence by sentiment, subjectivity, or topic. Through systematic comparative analyses, we establish this ...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "2.1", "2.2", "3", "4.1", "4.2", "5", "6", "7" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Data and Methodology", "Generating Word Embeddings", "Evaluation Tasks", "Comparative Analyses of Subjective vs. Objective C...
GEM-SciDuet-train-134#paper-1359#slide-7
Methodology
Cross-validation on balanced samples Binary logistic regression classifier Sentence embedding = average of word embeddings The same number of sentences and the same vocabulary when training embeddings
Cross-validation on balanced samples Binary logistic regression classifier Sentence embedding = average of word embeddings The same number of sentences and the same vocabulary when training embeddings
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GEM-SciDuet-train-134#paper-1359#slide-8
1359
Searching for the X-Factor: Exploring Corpus Subjectivity for Word Embeddings
We explore the notion of subjectivity, and hypothesize that word embeddings learnt from input corpora of varying levels of subjectivity behave differently on natural language processing tasks such as classifying a sentence by sentiment, subjectivity, or topic. Through systematic comparative analyses, we establish this ...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "2.1", "2.2", "3", "4.1", "4.2", "5", "6", "7" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Data and Methodology", "Generating Word Embeddings", "Evaluation Tasks", "Comparative Analyses of Subjective vs. Objective C...
GEM-SciDuet-train-134#paper-1359#slide-8
Empirical Findings
SE and OE are very similar on objective tasks SE understand sentiment words better than OE? Subjectivity Classification Topic Classification Amazon Sentiment Rotten Tomatoes Sentiment SentiVec does not affect objective classification tasks Amazon Sentiment (average over 24 categories) Rotten Tomatoes Sentiment
SE and OE are very similar on objective tasks SE understand sentiment words better than OE? Subjectivity Classification Topic Classification Amazon Sentiment Rotten Tomatoes Sentiment SentiVec does not affect objective classification tasks Amazon Sentiment (average over 24 categories) Rotten Tomatoes Sentiment
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GEM-SciDuet-train-134#paper-1359#slide-9
1359
Searching for the X-Factor: Exploring Corpus Subjectivity for Word Embeddings
We explore the notion of subjectivity, and hypothesize that word embeddings learnt from input corpora of varying levels of subjectivity behave differently on natural language processing tasks such as classifying a sentence by sentiment, subjectivity, or topic. Through systematic comparative analyses, we establish this ...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "2.1", "2.2", "3", "4.1", "4.2", "5", "6", "7" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Data and Methodology", "Generating Word Embeddings", "Evaluation Tasks", "Comparative Analyses of Subjective vs. Objective C...
GEM-SciDuet-train-134#paper-1359#slide-9
Top Words Similar to good
Word Similarity Word Similarity
Word Similarity Word Similarity
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GEM-SciDuet-train-134#paper-1359#slide-10
1359
Searching for the X-Factor: Exploring Corpus Subjectivity for Word Embeddings
We explore the notion of subjectivity, and hypothesize that word embeddings learnt from input corpora of varying levels of subjectivity behave differently on natural language processing tasks such as classifying a sentence by sentiment, subjectivity, or topic. Through systematic comparative analyses, we establish this ...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "2.1", "2.2", "3", "4.1", "4.2", "5", "6", "7" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Data and Methodology", "Generating Word Embeddings", "Evaluation Tasks", "Comparative Analyses of Subjective vs. Objective C...
GEM-SciDuet-train-134#paper-1359#slide-10
Sentiment Words Still Cause Troubles
Word A Word B Their Similarity
Word A Word B Their Similarity
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GEM-SciDuet-train-134#paper-1359#slide-11
1359
Searching for the X-Factor: Exploring Corpus Subjectivity for Word Embeddings
We explore the notion of subjectivity, and hypothesize that word embeddings learnt from input corpora of varying levels of subjectivity behave differently on natural language processing tasks such as classifying a sentence by sentiment, subjectivity, or topic. Through systematic comparative analyses, we establish this ...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "2.1", "2.2", "3", "4.1", "4.2", "5", "6", "7" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Data and Methodology", "Generating Word Embeddings", "Evaluation Tasks", "Comparative Analyses of Subjective vs. Objective C...
GEM-SciDuet-train-134#paper-1359#slide-11
SentiVec Embeddings
Similar to good Similarity Similar to good Similarity
Similar to good Similarity Similar to good Similarity
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GEM-SciDuet-train-134#paper-1359#slide-12
1359
Searching for the X-Factor: Exploring Corpus Subjectivity for Word Embeddings
We explore the notion of subjectivity, and hypothesize that word embeddings learnt from input corpora of varying levels of subjectivity behave differently on natural language processing tasks such as classifying a sentence by sentiment, subjectivity, or topic. Through systematic comparative analyses, we establish this ...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "2.1", "2.2", "3", "4.1", "4.2", "5", "6", "7" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Data and Methodology", "Generating Word Embeddings", "Evaluation Tasks", "Comparative Analyses of Subjective vs. Objective C...
GEM-SciDuet-train-134#paper-1359#slide-12
SentiVec Infusing Sentiment
Predicts context words as in Negative: waste, junk, horrible, defective, Positive: love, great, recommend, easy,
Predicts context words as in Negative: waste, junk, horrible, defective, Positive: love, great, recommend, easy,
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GEM-SciDuet-train-134#paper-1359#slide-13
1359
Searching for the X-Factor: Exploring Corpus Subjectivity for Word Embeddings
We explore the notion of subjectivity, and hypothesize that word embeddings learnt from input corpora of varying levels of subjectivity behave differently on natural language processing tasks such as classifying a sentence by sentiment, subjectivity, or topic. Through systematic comparative analyses, we establish this ...
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{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "2.1", "2.2", "3", "4.1", "4.2", "5", "6", "7" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Data and Methodology", "Generating Word Embeddings", "Evaluation Tasks", "Comparative Analyses of Subjective vs. Objective C...
GEM-SciDuet-train-134#paper-1359#slide-13
Logistic SentiVec
This camera is good for high quality good good (good, camera) good = 1 good Random Noise (good, frog) (good, duck)
This camera is good for high quality good good (good, camera) good = 1 good Random Noise (good, frog) (good, duck)
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GEM-SciDuet-train-134#paper-1359#slide-14
1359
Searching for the X-Factor: Exploring Corpus Subjectivity for Word Embeddings
We explore the notion of subjectivity, and hypothesize that word embeddings learnt from input corpora of varying levels of subjectivity behave differently on natural language processing tasks such as classifying a sentence by sentiment, subjectivity, or topic. Through systematic comparative analyses, we establish this ...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "2.1", "2.2", "3", "4.1", "4.2", "5", "6", "7" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Data and Methodology", "Generating Word Embeddings", "Evaluation Tasks", "Comparative Analyses of Subjective vs. Objective C...
GEM-SciDuet-train-134#paper-1359#slide-14
Spherical SentiVec
Positive Words Negative Words
Positive Words Negative Words
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GEM-SciDuet-train-134#paper-1359#slide-15
1359
Searching for the X-Factor: Exploring Corpus Subjectivity for Word Embeddings
We explore the notion of subjectivity, and hypothesize that word embeddings learnt from input corpora of varying levels of subjectivity behave differently on natural language processing tasks such as classifying a sentence by sentiment, subjectivity, or topic. Through systematic comparative analyses, we establish this ...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "2.1", "2.2", "3", "4.1", "4.2", "5", "6", "7" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Data and Methodology", "Generating Word Embeddings", "Evaluation Tasks", "Comparative Analyses of Subjective vs. Objective C...
GEM-SciDuet-train-134#paper-1359#slide-15
Changes in Similarity
Target Word: Good Target Word: Bad
Target Word: Good Target Word: Bad
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GEM-SciDuet-train-134#paper-1359#slide-16
1359
Searching for the X-Factor: Exploring Corpus Subjectivity for Word Embeddings
We explore the notion of subjectivity, and hypothesize that word embeddings learnt from input corpora of varying levels of subjectivity behave differently on natural language processing tasks such as classifying a sentence by sentiment, subjectivity, or topic. Through systematic comparative analyses, we establish this ...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "2.1", "2.2", "3", "4.1", "4.2", "5", "6", "7" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Data and Methodology", "Generating Word Embeddings", "Evaluation Tasks", "Comparative Analyses of Subjective vs. Objective C...
GEM-SciDuet-train-134#paper-1359#slide-16
Conclusion
Explored effects of corpus subjectivity for word embeddings SentiVec, a method for infusing lexical information into word embeddings Sentiment-infused SentiVec embeddings space facilitate better sentiment-related similarity Pre-trained Word Embeddings & Code: https://sentivec.preferred.ai/
Explored effects of corpus subjectivity for word embeddings SentiVec, a method for infusing lexical information into word embeddings Sentiment-infused SentiVec embeddings space facilitate better sentiment-related similarity Pre-trained Word Embeddings & Code: https://sentivec.preferred.ai/
[]
GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-0
1364
Rumor Detection on Twitter with Tree-structured Recursive Neural Networks
Automatic rumor detection is technically very challenging. In this work, we try to learn discriminative features from tweets content by following their non-sequential propagation structure and generate more powerful representations for identifying different type of rumors. We propose two recursive neural models based o...
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{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "3", "4", "4.1", "4.2", "4.3", "4.4", "5.1", "5.2", "5.3", "5.4", "6" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Related Work", "Problem Statement", "RvNN-based Rumor Detection", "Standard Recursive Neu...
GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-0
Introduction
unverified or deliberately false How the fake news propagated? people tend to stop spreading a rumor if it Previous studies focused on text mining from sequential microblog streams, we denial want to bridge the content semantics and
unverified or deliberately false How the fake news propagated? people tend to stop spreading a rumor if it Previous studies focused on text mining from sequential microblog streams, we denial want to bridge the content semantics and
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GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-1
1364
Rumor Detection on Twitter with Tree-structured Recursive Neural Networks
Automatic rumor detection is technically very challenging. In this work, we try to learn discriminative features from tweets content by following their non-sequential propagation structure and generate more powerful representations for identifying different type of rumors. We propose two recursive neural models based o...
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{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "3", "4", "4.1", "4.2", "4.3", "4.4", "5.1", "5.2", "5.3", "5.4", "6" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Related Work", "Problem Statement", "RvNN-based Rumor Detection", "Standard Recursive Neu...
GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-1
Motivation
We generally are not good at distinguishing rumors It is crucial to track and debunk rumors early to minimize their harmful effects. Online fact-checking services have limited topical coverage and long delay. Existing models use feature engineering over simplistic; or recently deep neural networks ignore propagation st...
We generally are not good at distinguishing rumors It is crucial to track and debunk rumors early to minimize their harmful effects. Online fact-checking services have limited topical coverage and long delay. Existing models use feature engineering over simplistic; or recently deep neural networks ignore propagation st...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-2
1364
Rumor Detection on Twitter with Tree-structured Recursive Neural Networks
Automatic rumor detection is technically very challenging. In this work, we try to learn discriminative features from tweets content by following their non-sequential propagation structure and generate more powerful representations for identifying different type of rumors. We propose two recursive neural models based o...
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{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "3", "4", "4.1", "4.2", "4.3", "4.4", "5.1", "5.2", "5.3", "5.4", "6" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Related Work", "Problem Statement", "RvNN-based Rumor Detection", "Standard Recursive Neu...
GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-2
Observation and Hypothesis
Existing works: Consider post representation or propagation structure (a) RNN-based model (b) Tree kernel-based model IDEA: Combining the two models, leveraging propagation structure by representation learning algorithm Why such model do better? Polarity stances (a) False rumor (b) True rumor A reply usually respond to...
Existing works: Consider post representation or propagation structure (a) RNN-based model (b) Tree kernel-based model IDEA: Combining the two models, leveraging propagation structure by representation learning algorithm Why such model do better? Polarity stances (a) False rumor (b) True rumor A reply usually respond to...
[]
GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-3
1364
Rumor Detection on Twitter with Tree-structured Recursive Neural Networks
Automatic rumor detection is technically very challenging. In this work, we try to learn discriminative features from tweets content by following their non-sequential propagation structure and generate more powerful representations for identifying different type of rumors. We propose two recursive neural models based o...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-3
Contributions
The first study that deeply integrates both structure and content semantics based on tree-structured recursive neural networks for detecting rumors from microblog posts Propose two variants of RvNN models based on bottom-up and top-down tree structures, to generate better integrated representations for a claim by captu...
The first study that deeply integrates both structure and content semantics based on tree-structured recursive neural networks for detecting rumors from microblog posts Propose two variants of RvNN models based on bottom-up and top-down tree structures, to generate better integrated representations for a claim by captu...
[]
GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-4
1364
Rumor Detection on Twitter with Tree-structured Recursive Neural Networks
Automatic rumor detection is technically very challenging. In this work, we try to learn discriminative features from tweets content by following their non-sequential propagation structure and generate more powerful representations for identifying different type of rumors. We propose two recursive neural models based o...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-4
Related Work
Systems based on common sense and investigative journalism, Learning-based models for rumor detection Using handcrafted and temporal features: Liu et al. (2015), Ma et al. Tree-kernel-based model: Without hand- images segmentation (Socher et al, 2011) phrase representation from word vectors (Socher et al, 2012) Sentime...
Systems based on common sense and investigative journalism, Learning-based models for rumor detection Using handcrafted and temporal features: Liu et al. (2015), Ma et al. Tree-kernel-based model: Without hand- images segmentation (Socher et al, 2011) phrase representation from word vectors (Socher et al, 2012) Sentime...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-5
1364
Rumor Detection on Twitter with Tree-structured Recursive Neural Networks
Automatic rumor detection is technically very challenging. In this work, we try to learn discriminative features from tweets content by following their non-sequential propagation structure and generate more powerful representations for identifying different type of rumors. We propose two recursive neural models based o...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-5
Problem Statement
Given a set of microblog posts R = {}, model each source tweet as a tree structure T = < , >, where each node provide the text content of each post. And is directed edges corresponding to response relation. Task 1 finer-grained classification for each source post false rumor, true rumor, non-rumor, unverified rumor Tas...
Given a set of microblog posts R = {}, model each source tweet as a tree structure T = < , >, where each node provide the text content of each post. And is directed edges corresponding to response relation. Task 1 finer-grained classification for each source post false rumor, true rumor, non-rumor, unverified rumor Tas...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-6
1364
Rumor Detection on Twitter with Tree-structured Recursive Neural Networks
Automatic rumor detection is technically very challenging. In this work, we try to learn discriminative features from tweets content by following their non-sequential propagation structure and generate more powerful representations for identifying different type of rumors. We propose two recursive neural models based o...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-6
Tweet Structure
Root tweet : #Walmart donates $10,000 to #DarrenWilson bottom-up tree fund to continue police racial profiling 1:30 Idc if they killed a mf foreal. Ima always shop with @Walmart. I'm : NEED SOURCE. have a feeling this is just hearsay ... just bein honest I agree. I have been hearing this all day but no source 1:12 : Ex...
Root tweet : #Walmart donates $10,000 to #DarrenWilson bottom-up tree fund to continue police racial profiling 1:30 Idc if they killed a mf foreal. Ima always shop with @Walmart. I'm : NEED SOURCE. have a feeling this is just hearsay ... just bein honest I agree. I have been hearing this all day but no source 1:12 : Ex...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-7
1364
Rumor Detection on Twitter with Tree-structured Recursive Neural Networks
Automatic rumor detection is technically very challenging. In this work, we try to learn discriminative features from tweets content by following their non-sequential propagation structure and generate more powerful representations for identifying different type of rumors. We propose two recursive neural models based o...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-7
Standard Recursive Neural Networks
RvNN (tree-structured neural networks) utilize sentence parse trees: representation associated with each node of a parse tree is computed from its direct children, computed by p: the feature vector of a parent node whose children are and computation is done recursively over all tree nodes
RvNN (tree-structured neural networks) utilize sentence parse trees: representation associated with each node of a parse tree is computed from its direct children, computed by p: the feature vector of a parent node whose children are and computation is done recursively over all tree nodes
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GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-8
1364
Rumor Detection on Twitter with Tree-structured Recursive Neural Networks
Automatic rumor detection is technically very challenging. In this work, we try to learn discriminative features from tweets content by following their non-sequential propagation structure and generate more powerful representations for identifying different type of rumors. We propose two recursive neural models based o...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "3", "4", "4.1", "4.2", "4.3", "4.4", "5.1", "5.2", "5.3", "5.4", "6" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Related Work", "Problem Statement", "RvNN-based Rumor Detection", "Standard Recursive Neu...
GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-8
Bottom up RvNN
Input: bottom-up tree (node: a post represented as a vector of words ) GRU equation at node Structure: recursively visit every node from the leaves at the bottom to the root at the top (a natural extension to the original RvNN Intuition: local rumor indicative features are aggregated along different branches (e.g., sub...
Input: bottom-up tree (node: a post represented as a vector of words ) GRU equation at node Structure: recursively visit every node from the leaves at the bottom to the root at the top (a natural extension to the original RvNN Intuition: local rumor indicative features are aggregated along different branches (e.g., sub...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-9
1364
Rumor Detection on Twitter with Tree-structured Recursive Neural Networks
Automatic rumor detection is technically very challenging. In this work, we try to learn discriminative features from tweets content by following their non-sequential propagation structure and generate more powerful representations for identifying different type of rumors. We propose two recursive neural models based o...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "3", "4", "4.1", "4.2", "4.3", "4.4", "5.1", "5.2", "5.3", "5.4", "6" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Related Work", "Problem Statement", "RvNN-based Rumor Detection", "Standard Recursive Neu...
GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-9
Top down RvNN
Input: top-down tree GRU transition equation at node Own input Parent node Structure: recursively visit from the root node to its children until reaching all leaf nodes. (reverse Bottom-up RvNN) Intuition: rumor-indicative features are aggregated along the propagation path (e.g., if a post agree with its parents stance...
Input: top-down tree GRU transition equation at node Own input Parent node Structure: recursively visit from the root node to its children until reaching all leaf nodes. (reverse Bottom-up RvNN) Intuition: rumor-indicative features are aggregated along the propagation path (e.g., if a post agree with its parents stance...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-10
1364
Rumor Detection on Twitter with Tree-structured Recursive Neural Networks
Automatic rumor detection is technically very challenging. In this work, we try to learn discriminative features from tweets content by following their non-sequential propagation structure and generate more powerful representations for identifying different type of rumors. We propose two recursive neural models based o...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "3", "4", "4.1", "4.2", "4.3", "4.4", "5.1", "5.2", "5.3", "5.4", "6" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Related Work", "Problem Statement", "RvNN-based Rumor Detection", "Standard Recursive Neu...
GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-10
Model Training
Comparison: both of the two RvNN models aim to capture the structural properties by recursively visiting all nodes Bottom-up RvNN: the state of root node (i.e., source tweet) can be regard as the representation of the whole tree (can be used for supervised classification). Top-down RvNN: the representation of each path...
Comparison: both of the two RvNN models aim to capture the structural properties by recursively visiting all nodes Bottom-up RvNN: the state of root node (i.e., source tweet) can be regard as the representation of the whole tree (can be used for supervised classification). Top-down RvNN: the representation of each path...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-11
1364
Rumor Detection on Twitter with Tree-structured Recursive Neural Networks
Automatic rumor detection is technically very challenging. In this work, we try to learn discriminative features from tweets content by following their non-sequential propagation structure and generate more powerful representations for identifying different type of rumors. We propose two recursive neural models based o...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "3", "4", "4.1", "4.2", "4.3", "4.4", "5.1", "5.2", "5.3", "5.4", "6" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Related Work", "Problem Statement", "RvNN-based Rumor Detection", "Standard Recursive Neu...
GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-11
Data Collection
Use two reference Tree datasets: URL of the datasets: https://www.dropbox.com/s/0jhsfwep3ywvpca/rumdetect2017.zip?dl=0
Use two reference Tree datasets: URL of the datasets: https://www.dropbox.com/s/0jhsfwep3ywvpca/rumdetect2017.zip?dl=0
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GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-12
1364
Rumor Detection on Twitter with Tree-structured Recursive Neural Networks
Automatic rumor detection is technically very challenging. In this work, we try to learn discriminative features from tweets content by following their non-sequential propagation structure and generate more powerful representations for identifying different type of rumors. We propose two recursive neural models based o...
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{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "3", "4", "4.1", "4.2", "4.3", "4.4", "5.1", "5.2", "5.3", "5.4", "6" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Related Work", "Problem Statement", "RvNN-based Rumor Detection", "Standard Recursive Neu...
GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-12
Approaches to compare with
DTR: Decision tree-based ranking model using enquiry phrases to identify trending rumors (Zhao et al., 2015) DTC: Twitter information credibility model using Decision RFC: Random Forest Classifier using three parameters to fit the temporal tweets volume curve (Kwon et al., 2013) SVM-TS: Linear SVM classifier using time...
DTR: Decision tree-based ranking model using enquiry phrases to identify trending rumors (Zhao et al., 2015) DTC: Twitter information credibility model using Decision RFC: Random Forest Classifier using three parameters to fit the temporal tweets volume curve (Kwon et al., 2013) SVM-TS: Linear SVM classifier using time...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-13
1364
Rumor Detection on Twitter with Tree-structured Recursive Neural Networks
Automatic rumor detection is technically very challenging. In this work, we try to learn discriminative features from tweets content by following their non-sequential propagation structure and generate more powerful representations for identifying different type of rumors. We propose two recursive neural models based o...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "3", "4", "4.1", "4.2", "4.3", "4.4", "5.1", "5.2", "5.3", "5.4", "6" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Related Work", "Problem Statement", "RvNN-based Rumor Detection", "Standard Recursive Neu...
GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-13
Results on Twitter15
NR: Non-Rumor; FR: False Rumor; TR: True Rumor; UR: Unverified Rumor; user info NR vs others)
NR: Non-Rumor; FR: False Rumor; TR: True Rumor; UR: Unverified Rumor; user info NR vs others)
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GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-14
1364
Rumor Detection on Twitter with Tree-structured Recursive Neural Networks
Automatic rumor detection is technically very challenging. In this work, we try to learn discriminative features from tweets content by following their non-sequential propagation structure and generate more powerful representations for identifying different type of rumors. We propose two recursive neural models based o...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "3", "4", "4.1", "4.2", "4.3", "4.4", "5.1", "5.2", "5.3", "5.4", "6" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Related Work", "Problem Statement", "RvNN-based Rumor Detection", "Standard Recursive Neu...
GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-14
Results on Twitter16
NR: Non-Rumor; FR: False Rumor; TR: True Rumor; UR: Unverified Rumor; GRU-RNN models without hand-crafted features
NR: Non-Rumor; FR: False Rumor; TR: True Rumor; UR: Unverified Rumor; GRU-RNN models without hand-crafted features
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GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-15
1364
Rumor Detection on Twitter with Tree-structured Recursive Neural Networks
Automatic rumor detection is technically very challenging. In this work, we try to learn discriminative features from tweets content by following their non-sequential propagation structure and generate more powerful representations for identifying different type of rumors. We propose two recursive neural models based o...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-15
Results on Early Detection
In the first few hours, the accuracy of the RvNN- based methods climbs more rapidly and stabilize more quickly RvNN only need around 8 hours or about 90 tweets to achieve the comparable performance of the best baseline model.
In the first few hours, the accuracy of the RvNN- based methods climbs more rapidly and stabilize more quickly RvNN only need around 8 hours or about 90 tweets to achieve the comparable performance of the best baseline model.
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GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-16
1364
Rumor Detection on Twitter with Tree-structured Recursive Neural Networks
Automatic rumor detection is technically very challenging. In this work, we try to learn discriminative features from tweets content by following their non-sequential propagation structure and generate more powerful representations for identifying different type of rumors. We propose two recursive neural models based o...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-16
Early Detection Example
Example subtree of a rumor captured by the algorithm at early stage of propagation Bottom-up RvNN: a set of responses supporting the parent posts that deny or question the source post. Top-down RvNN: some patterns of propagation from the root to leaf nodes like supportdenysupport Baselines: sequential models may be con...
Example subtree of a rumor captured by the algorithm at early stage of propagation Bottom-up RvNN: a set of responses supporting the parent posts that deny or question the source post. Top-down RvNN: some patterns of propagation from the root to leaf nodes like supportdenysupport Baselines: sequential models may be con...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-17
1364
Rumor Detection on Twitter with Tree-structured Recursive Neural Networks
Automatic rumor detection is technically very challenging. In this work, we try to learn discriminative features from tweets content by following their non-sequential propagation structure and generate more powerful representations for identifying different type of rumors. We propose two recursive neural models based o...
{ "paper_content_id": [ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, ...
{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "3", "4", "4.1", "4.2", "4.3", "4.4", "5.1", "5.2", "5.3", "5.4", "6" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Related Work", "Problem Statement", "RvNN-based Rumor Detection", "Standard Recursive Neu...
GEM-SciDuet-train-135#paper-1364#slide-17
Conclusion and future work
Propose a bottom-up and a top-down tree-structured model based on recursive neural networks for rumor detection on Twitter. Using propagation tree to guide the learning of representations from tweets content, such as embedding various indicative signals hidden in the structure, for better identifying rumors. Results on...
Propose a bottom-up and a top-down tree-structured model based on recursive neural networks for rumor detection on Twitter. Using propagation tree to guide the learning of representations from tweets content, such as embedding various indicative signals hidden in the structure, for better identifying rumors. Results on...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-136#paper-1365#slide-0
1365
Robust Distant Supervision Relation Extraction via Deep Reinforcement Learning
Distant supervision has become the standard method for relation extraction. However, even though it is an efficient method, it does not come at no cost-The resulted distantly-supervised training samples are often very noisy. To combat the noise, most of the recent state-of-theart approaches focus on selecting onebest s...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-136#paper-1365#slide-0
Relation Extraction
Plain Text Corpus Entity-Relation Triple Classifier (Unstructured Info) (Structured Info)
Plain Text Corpus Entity-Relation Triple Classifier (Unstructured Info) (Structured Info)
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GEM-SciDuet-train-136#paper-1365#slide-1
1365
Robust Distant Supervision Relation Extraction via Deep Reinforcement Learning
Distant supervision has become the standard method for relation extraction. However, even though it is an efficient method, it does not come at no cost-The resulted distantly-supervised training samples are often very noisy. To combat the noise, most of the recent state-of-theart approaches focus on selecting onebest s...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-136#paper-1365#slide-1
Distant Supervision
If two entities participate in a relation, any sentence that contains those two entities might express that Nijlen is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Antwerp. Neural relation extraction with selective attention over instances.
If two entities participate in a relation, any sentence that contains those two entities might express that Nijlen is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Antwerp. Neural relation extraction with selective attention over instances.
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GEM-SciDuet-train-136#paper-1365#slide-2
1365
Robust Distant Supervision Relation Extraction via Deep Reinforcement Learning
Distant supervision has become the standard method for relation extraction. However, even though it is an efficient method, it does not come at no cost-The resulted distantly-supervised training samples are often very noisy. To combat the noise, most of the recent state-of-theart approaches focus on selecting onebest s...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-136#paper-1365#slide-2
Wrong Labeling
Place_of_Death (William ODwyer, New York city) i. Some New York city mayors William ODwyer, Vincent R. Impellitteri and Abraham Beame were born abroad. Entity-Pair Level ii. Plenty of local officials have, too, including two New York city mayors, Most of entity pairs only have several sentences
Place_of_Death (William ODwyer, New York city) i. Some New York city mayors William ODwyer, Vincent R. Impellitteri and Abraham Beame were born abroad. Entity-Pair Level ii. Plenty of local officials have, too, including two New York city mayors, Most of entity pairs only have several sentences
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GEM-SciDuet-train-136#paper-1365#slide-3
1365
Robust Distant Supervision Relation Extraction via Deep Reinforcement Learning
Distant supervision has become the standard method for relation extraction. However, even though it is an efficient method, it does not come at no cost-The resulted distantly-supervised training samples are often very noisy. To combat the noise, most of the recent state-of-theart approaches focus on selecting onebest s...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-136#paper-1365#slide-3
Requirements
General Purpose and Offline Process Learn a Policy to Denoise the Training Data
General Purpose and Offline Process Learn a Policy to Denoise the Training Data
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GEM-SciDuet-train-136#paper-1365#slide-4
1365
Robust Distant Supervision Relation Extraction via Deep Reinforcement Learning
Distant supervision has become the standard method for relation extraction. However, even though it is an efficient method, it does not come at no cost-The resulted distantly-supervised training samples are often very noisy. To combat the noise, most of the recent state-of-theart approaches focus on selecting onebest s...
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{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "3", "3.1", "3.1.1", "3.2", "4", "4.1", "4.2.1", "4.2.2", "4.3", "5" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Related Work", "Reinforcement Learning for Distant Supervision", "Training Policy-based Agent", ...
GEM-SciDuet-train-136#paper-1365#slide-4
Deep Reinforcement Learning
The average vector of previous removed sentences One relation type has an agent Positive: Distantly-supervised positive sentences Negative: Sampled from other relations Split into training set and validation set RL Agent da taset Train RL Agent C leane d Train Relation Classifier d ataset
The average vector of previous removed sentences One relation type has an agent Positive: Distantly-supervised positive sentences Negative: Sampled from other relations Split into training set and validation set RL Agent da taset Train RL Agent C leane d Train Relation Classifier d ataset
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GEM-SciDuet-train-136#paper-1365#slide-5
1365
Robust Distant Supervision Relation Extraction via Deep Reinforcement Learning
Distant supervision has become the standard method for relation extraction. However, even though it is an efficient method, it does not come at no cost-The resulted distantly-supervised training samples are often very noisy. To combat the noise, most of the recent state-of-theart approaches focus on selecting onebest s...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-136#paper-1365#slide-5
Reward
Positive Set Negative Set
Positive Set Negative Set
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GEM-SciDuet-train-136#paper-1365#slide-6
1365
Robust Distant Supervision Relation Extraction via Deep Reinforcement Learning
Distant supervision has become the standard method for relation extraction. However, even though it is an efficient method, it does not come at no cost-The resulted distantly-supervised training samples are often very noisy. To combat the noise, most of the recent state-of-theart approaches focus on selecting onebest s...
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{ "paper_header_number": [ "1", "2", "3", "3.1", "3.1.1", "3.2", "4", "4.1", "4.2.1", "4.2.2", "4.3", "5" ], "paper_header_content": [ "Introduction", "Related Work", "Reinforcement Learning for Distant Supervision", "Training Policy-based Agent", ...
GEM-SciDuet-train-136#paper-1365#slide-6
Evaluation on a Synthetic Noise Dataset
False Positive: Other relation types True Positive + False Positive: samples False Positive Removed Part Epoch
False Positive: Other relation types True Positive + False Positive: samples False Positive Removed Part Epoch
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GEM-SciDuet-train-136#paper-1365#slide-8
1365
Robust Distant Supervision Relation Extraction via Deep Reinforcement Learning
Distant supervision has become the standard method for relation extraction. However, even though it is an efficient method, it does not come at no cost-The resulted distantly-supervised training samples are often very noisy. To combat the noise, most of the recent state-of-theart approaches focus on selecting onebest s...
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GEM-SciDuet-train-136#paper-1365#slide-8
Conclusion
We propose a deep reinforcement learning method for robust distant supervision relation extraction. Our method is model-agnostic. Our method boost the performance of recently proposed neural relation extractors.
We propose a deep reinforcement learning method for robust distant supervision relation extraction. Our method is model-agnostic. Our method boost the performance of recently proposed neural relation extractors.
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