Split (4)

train · 91.8k rows

q_id stringlengths 6 6	title stringlengths 3 299	selftext stringlengths 0 4.44k	category stringclasses 9 values	subreddit stringclasses 1 value	answers dict	title_urls listlengths 1 1	selftext_urls listlengths 1 1
5lchat	Why there was a 'leap second' added to the end of 2016?		Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbuoyxl", "dbur7gi", "dbuotht" ], "text": [ "the rotation of the earth is not a constant. in fact the rotation of the earth is slowing down, which means that a full day is getting slightly longer. without leap seconds our clocks would slowly drift ever so slightly out of sync with the...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lcjq6	How do you claim undiscovered land?	If your on a boat, sailing through lets say the Pacific and you come across an island and later on you find its an undiscovered island then can you claim it as your own land if your are A. In international waters B. Belong to a country or are a citizen of a country? If you have the answer, who would you talk to to clai...	Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbuplm8", "dbuocvb", "dbux9vf" ], "text": [ "Imagine you are out walking in the woods near your house and you find a cave. You think to yourself, \"Gee that's a real nice cave, there's just enough room for my rocket car, my crime fighting computer and my superhero costume collection. ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lcl43	Why do we fail to do realistic human CGI (like in SW Rouge One) yet we do it so great on non-human beings (like in Warcraft)?	Title pretty much, thanks for answers in advance!	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbuns7l", "dbunw2c", "dbup34d", "dbuo2f1" ], "text": [ "It's more that we're really good at picking up subtle mistakes in humans, and fantasy beasts have no reference, so its a lot harder for them to look wrong.", "Probably because we are so adapted to human skin/tone/etc. tha...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lcr1h	Why is it that we calm down when we take a deep breath, hold it for a few seconds and exhale?		Biology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbuusst" ], "text": [ "Anxiety/stress are the result of your sympathetic nervous system being activated (fight or flight response). When we are threatened we experience a variety of physical effects, e.g. increased heart rate, GI upset, jittery muscles, rapid shallow breathing. This helps u...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lcsyf	Why does 1080p on a 4k TV look better than 1080p on a 1080p TV?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbuq0qt", "dbuqstj" ], "text": [ "In a 1080p screen each pixel is represented by four individual points of light, one for each color and two for green. However when projecting 1080p video on a 4K screen you have 16 individual points of light for each pixel. This gives you a lot more room ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lcz56	How is property in outer space valued? If the earth colonized Mars what government/organisation would technically own it	ELI5: How is property in outer space valued? If the earth colonized Mars what government/organisation would technically own it	Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbusxe1" ], "text": [ "There's a [treaty] ( URL_0 ) that forbids countries from claiming territory in outer space. That means that while theoretically a private company could simply go up there and claim it, but it wouldn't be recognised by any earthly government... they'd have to set up thei...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5ld008	Why does lights make a "blinking" effect when looking at them from far away?		Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbusvko" ], "text": [ "Because of the air in between you and the light source. The air is at slightly different temperatures so it's like a heat shimmer effect you get above a fire, also the air is full of dust and other stuff we don't normally notice, but at distances it blocks a bit of the ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5ld14u	Why are internet speeds in America so slow		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dburxe8", "dbursr8", "dbuuxnd", "dbuutes", "dbuy0vg", "dbuxrff", "dbuyci8", "dbuy3lo", "dbuxujv", "dbuxyrh", "dbuyev3", "dbuy1ya", "dbux4mj" ], "text": [ "It mainly has to do with the monopoly that ISP's hold over different areas. Most people ha...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5ld1ko	How are pop-up and generally annoying web ads viable?	Go to a news website, or any website in general, and you get bombarded with pop-up ads, ads that start playing videos automatically, etc. - how is this intrusive advertising even remotely beneficial to the advertiser anymore? It seems like this type of advertising would do more harm to their brand than help. Do they ac...	Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbusu9z", "dbuynrr" ], "text": [ "The same reason you get viagra and penis pill spam in your email. Some people are unbelievably stupid and willing to spend money to prove it.", "> It seems like this type of advertising would do more harm to their brand than help I suspect most of us ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5ld2d4	Why would a drug dealer lace their product with carfentanil, which is causing so many OD deaths? Aren't they reducing their own customer base?	I ask as a paramedic who responds to these ODs. We are getting more and more warnings about dangerous opiates that can even cause us to OD if we inadvertently come into contact with a trace amount.	Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dburzdt", "dbv0j8q", "dbus4os", "dbv1vpa" ], "text": [ "So, my source is an informational presentation from a law enforcement officer. If someone wants to add a different perspective, by all means... Dealers want to be known for having the strongest stuff around. Yes, people OD. T...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5ld3ls	why does it hurt when you swallow a beverage "wrong" ?	Some people will say "oh it just went down the wrong tube..." what is the real reasoning behind this sharp pain?	Biology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbuvik6", "dbux4no", "dbv0r1z", "dbux23t", "dbv47le", "dbuzxoa", "dbuw5cn", "dbvajgc", "dbv1vig", "dbv0pkq", "dbv020o" ], "text": [ "When you take too big a swallow, it stretches your esophagus, causing it to spasm. This hurts.", "The OP is talking ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5ld5r4	Why do the instructions on pasta call for you to measure out water?	On pasta the bag/box will tell you to put 2 quarts, for example, of water in a pan. I always just put a generous amount of water in the pan to boil. Is there a reason I should be using 2 quarts and measure out the water when cooking pasta? Does anyone actually measure in this case?	Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbuszzp", "dbuv26g", "dbuuumm" ], "text": [ "The less water you use the sooner it will boil and the less energy you use maintaining the boil. However too little water and you end up steaming the pasta or even burn the pasta and that is not what you want. So the right amount of water i...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5ldcnk	Why is ventilation needed for indoor or underground rooms?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbuum0h" ], "text": [ "If you were placed in a sealed room with no pipes to the surface it would be like placing a bag over your face and waiting to suffocate. Eventually through breathing the oxygen level would drop and carbon dioxide levels will rise, you will feel sick, possibly dying if y...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5ldd1v	Why is ♡ considered a heart when a heart doesn't look like that? Also, how does it relate to love?		Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbuviyu", "dbuyyu2", "dbuvmi2", "dbuvz40", "dbuvflx", "dbuv1ph", "dbv8yqf", "dbvg45u", "dbv948y", "dbv8r9p", "dbuykau", "dbvbp1n", "dbv32jg", "dbvj7uv" ], "text": [ "Human hearts can have significant differences in exterior morphology, but i...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lde59	Why do vitamin C tablets say stuff like 800% your daily value? Does that mean the rest gets wasted?	I thought your body could only absorb so much vitamin C at a time.	Biology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbuuya8", "dbv26gr" ], "text": [ "100% equals the minimum daily amount recommended by the FDA. You can easily surpass this by eating vitamin rich foods or by taking a pill. It doesn't mean that is all your body can process", "vitamin C is very easily absorbed (contrary to what some ig...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5ldlgf	Why were slaves treated so badly?		Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbuz4ph", "dbuwnsz", "dbuxi38", "dbuxttp", "dbuxb67", "dbuydls", "dbuwtq8", "dbuzf1x" ], "text": [ "Great question. I guess there are two prongs to this as I see it. Economically (and legally) slaves had no freedoms, they were property. Like others have said, they ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5ldtde	Why do singers (cough Mariah Carey cough) have such a tough time when an earpiece or monitor isn't working, but the dancers are able to keep pace without anything?		Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbuyiia" ], "text": [ "There is often a slight delay between her singing, her voice coming out of the speakers, and the sound echoing and coming back to her. This can result in what's called a [delayed auditory feedback]( URL_0 ) which can make talking or singing impossible. > Most delays tha...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5ldu3c	Why is it so difficult to smell ourselves?		Biology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbuyh3b", "dbuznpn" ], "text": [ "Since we are always around our own scent we become used to it and no longer notice most of the time. If you burn a candle and stay in the room you will no longer really smell it because you have become accustom to it. We adapt to smells very quickly. With...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5ldve0	Why do comedians repeat phrases of their jokes/stories every so often while performing on stage?		Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbuyoww" ], "text": [ "If the audience is busy laughing, a good comedian will repeat the sentence they were busy laughing at so the audience has a chance to refocus and not miss the end of that sentence or the beginning of the enxy. I've seen some bad comedians that just can't read their audi...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5le984	What is happening when one commercial is interrupted by/for another?	When I am watching television and it goes to commercial, occasionally and not too infrequently, I will see what is clearly the first five or so seconds of a commercial, and then it will quickly fade out and be replaced with a commercial on a completely different subject. Why is it that these commercials are being inter...	Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbv1dqh" ], "text": [ "Those are national or at the least very large area commercials that get cut short. Companies who pay to have their commercials show over all of the regions that a particular cable company caters to sometimes get overwritten by \"local\" commercials. These spots cost les...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5leazc	I just read that it takes 26 hours for New Year to pass all time zones, how can that happen?		Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbv1wsk", "dbv2330" ], "text": [ "Because the time zones go from UTC-12 to UTC+14. Specifically, the cause is several islands in the Pacific Ocean such as Kiribati. Kiribati is an island nation whose islands are spread across three times zones. Normally, these time zones would have been U...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5ledy7	How does Spotify and Apple Music pay artists?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbv646p" ], "text": [ "The streaming services collect all the money from subscriptions and ads, then each artist is paid their percent of the total streams. If there's only 100 streams that months, and Taylor Swift songs account for 10 of those, she gets 10% of the revenue that month. When yo...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lefn5	how does someone like bill gates keep all of his money?		Economics	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbv2kn1" ], "text": [ "His net worth is largely tied to his investment holdings with Microsoft, although he more than likely has investments elsewhere. As the share price of Microsoft fluctuates daily on the market, his net worth fluctuates with it. If Microsoft has a particularly bad quarter...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lesef	Why is it when we chew/swallow food or drink, we don't gag but if we have to have a medical procedure that involves something going down our airway or dentist, we don't gag?		Biology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbv4ou7", "dbv4t2l", "dbv4v2s" ], "text": [ "Because you have no gag reflex. You have likely lost your gag reflex through the repeated taking through your throat hole of various large objects. What these objects might have been we can only guess. It is possible that you are bulimic an...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5letsn	Why do newspapers often have random sentences where a l l t h e w o r d s a r e w r i t t e n l i k e t h i s?		Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbv5ig7", "dbv4udy", "dbvl0rq", "dbv4v8u", "dbvi6hf" ], "text": [ "Newspaper columns are justified on both the left and right, which means that the left margin and the right margin are both straight (see [this image]( URL_0 ) for a visual explanation). There are a couple of te...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5ley59	How does overuse of antibiotics actually lead to antibiotic resistant bacteria?	So I get that it kills off most bacteria, leaving some that are resistant to the drug... But the antibiotic doesn't change the bacteria to be resistant does it? And how does killing off the rest of them increase how quickly these resistant bacteria multiply, wouldn't they be there anyway? And if your body can't fight t...	Biology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbv5ucu", "dbv5mpk", "dbv6asv" ], "text": [ "The antibiotic doesn't change the bacteria to be resistant, but it creates selective pressure for resistant strains. In the absence of antibiotics, the resistance mutations would still arise but, as a very rare mutation conferring no surviv...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lf0ro	How can the heart not tire out?	I know the why but how can the heart only stop beating when you die?	Biology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbv6463", "dbvfj6i" ], "text": [ "The heart is made of a special type of muscle tissue (cardiac muscle; the other two are skeletal or voluntary muscle, and smooth or involuntary muscle). Cardiac muscle cells have more mitochondria than other muscle cells, and mitochondria produce power fo...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lf41k	Why can't devices (phones, laptops, etc) make our headphones noise-cancelling?	Noise-cancelling headphones record external noise and then creates sound waves that cancel these external noises. Why can we not use device internal microphones to record these external noises?	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbv6wz0" ], "text": [ "Because you need the microphone to be right next to your ear for it to work. If the phone is in your pocket, it can't pick up the exact sounds it needs to cancel, because the sound at your hip is slightly different than at your ear. Additionally, there is the delay caus...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lf5ih	Why are the atomic numbers of elements unique?	If the atomic number is the number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom of an element, why can't two elements have the same number of protons?	Chemistry	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbv6t3p", "dbv6p62" ], "text": [ "If two atoms have the same number of protons, that's what makes them the same element. We identify elements primarily by the number of protons, as that's what makes them what they are. The number of electrons in a given element atom dictates whether or no...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lf6ni	How to type Korean?		Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbv9aue", "dbv78jj" ], "text": [ "Korean uses an alphabet called hangul. Individual letters are composed into syllables, with each syllable occupying one block. This means that the computer needs to know when you have finished typing one syllable and want to start typing the next: fortuna...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lf872	What is the point of Gerber Life? How does taking a life insurance policy out on your baby give them a good financial start?		Economics	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbv7o5c", "dbvn62z", "dbvkbev", "dbvgzns", "dbv7omg" ], "text": [ "It doesn't. You don't need life insurance if no one is dependent on you. Babies don't have people depending on them. The product is basically bullshit.", "A whole lot of these comments show a lack of unders...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lf8ga	Why is Norton hated so much? What makes an antivirus/antimalware program good or bad anyway?	Follow up questions: Given it's so notoriously bad for some reason, how come sales reps at electronics stores push it so hard? And also, what's the best antimalware software? Edit: Oops, sorry, I just found a previous question about Norton. I did search for it so tbh I'm not sure what's going on there. Consider the f...	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbv7856", "dbvdj0r", "dbvhfqm", "dbvh7vq", "dbvntjk", "dbvh2wn", "dbvn4mq", "dbvew3z" ], "text": [ "Nobody likes Norton because it is a resource hog that slows your computer down. It doesn't effectivly do it's job. Norton's CEO even admits that it only gets 40% of ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lfah8	why is wearing something bright orange when hunting recommended? Doesn't that defeat the purpose of blending in?	I'm not a hunter at all, nor do I believe hunting for fun is okay, but I have multiple friends who do hunt and I lived in an "everyone hunts" city so I would see camo and bright orange all over the place. What's the point of wearing bright orange if it makes you stand out? Why even wear any camo then if you're just goi...	Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbv7jv6", "dbv7p7c", "dbv7ov8", "dbv90xo" ], "text": [ "If hunting deer it is recommended because deer are color blind. The orange is so other hunters can id you and not shoot you.", "You want to stand out because you don't want other hunters to accidentally shoot you. Yes, th...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lfcom	American Television Times (9/8c)	What are these even? I want to catch a new episode of my favorite show but don't know what time it is on since I live in Asia and we don't use this kind of time? I really don't know what to call it either. Please explain like I'm 5 thanks!	Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbv87t1", "dbvcgp3", "dbvgnz1" ], "text": [ "The United States has several time zones. The 9 means it is on at 9:00 in the Eastern Time Zone, the 8 means it is on at 8:00 in the Central Time Zone, which is one hour earlier.", "the 8 c is for American central time zone it's UTC -6 ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lfljz	If you were travelling faster than the speed of sound, what would happen if you screamed?	I know it seems irrational, but Felix Baumgartner! Thanks 😊 EDIT: Thanks everyone for all your replies :). Loving reading them! Just like to add, I know this can't happen without special clothing etc., like what Baumgartner wore, or being in a pressurised compartment such as a cockpit. I'm just wondering, theoreticall...	Physics	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbvp8jl", "dbv9ykq", "dbw3y0g", "dbvqra0", "dbvo52a", "dbvjql1", "dbvpyfs", "dbvwa22" ], "text": [ "In a pressurised compartment or spacesuit or something, the air between your mouth and ears isn't moving relative to you, so things are normal. If the air is moving ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lfr5p	When and how did green generally get associated with positiveness, and red as negativeness?		Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbvdons" ], "text": [ "It's hardwired. Red is the color of blood and bleeding, green is healthy vegetation. On a biological level, we don't want to deal with injury and we do want a healthy fertile landscape where food and shelter can be found. So we instinctively like green and dislike red."...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lfsvr	Why is it "bad" to make tea in the microwave vs a kettle?	Okay so this is a bit of a silly/light-hearted one but I keep seeing it referenced occasionally and an wondering. Usually it's some sort of conversation between someone here in the US and our friends across the pond and they seem mock alarmed or horrified that Americans use the microwave to heat the water for their tea...	Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbvble8", "dbvbg0e", "dbvbqtm", "dbviirk", "dbvfgpg", "dbvd5z6", "dbvwcp6", "dbw0k5n" ], "text": [ "Much like a small sect of coffee drinkers, there are tea ~~connoisseurs~~ snobs that will turn their nose at you if you don't brew your tea at the proper temperatu...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lg7s0	How do Youtubers earn money? I mean, how is revenue generated by simply watching a video. I understand it has something to do with the advertisements, but that is my question, how do ads help Youtubers earn money.		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbvex5u", "dbvytvq", "dbveim5", "dbvqaq3" ], "text": [ "It's quite simple. Advertisers pay money to Google/Youtube for the rights to show an advertisement before (or during) a video. Google/Youtube takes a cut of the revenue, and the Youtuber earns the rest. The amount advertisers...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lg92k	What's that clicking sound in your ears everytime you yawn?	You don't have to yawn either, you just do this thing and you can make the same noise in your ears.	Biology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbvljiw", "dbvevke" ], "text": [ "It is your pharyngoltympanic tube (Eustachian tube) opening. It connects your middle ear to your throat. Opening it is also how you \"pop your eardrum\" or equalize pressure within the middle ear.", "Often, the bones in the jaw's joint, which is right...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lgb2h	How does Shutterfly make profit when it gives away so many discounts and free things?		Economics	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbvfp8e", "dbvi89n" ], "text": [ "Hi, I'm going to offer you this pen! It's originally $100 but I'll give you a 90% discount. It's yours for the low, low price of $10!", "It's a combination of higher markup than the discounted price and/or using the discounts as loss-leaders. A loss-l...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lgc5t	What is a tensor?		Mathematics	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbvj2y6" ], "text": [ "A vector is an arrangement of values in one dimension, like this: V = [a, b, c, d, e] etc. A matrix is a vector of vectors. For example v1 = [ a, b, c ] v2 = [ d, e, f ] v3 = [ g, h, i ] v1, a, b, c, M = [ v2, ] = [ d, e, f, ] v3, g, h, i You can think of a matrix as a ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lgnew	The idea of space as a vacuum.	Cannot. Understand.	Physics	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbviguq", "dbvlzm1" ], "text": [ "It is called that because space has nearly no atmosphere and extremely low pressure. Liquids and gasses always will flow from an area of high pressure to areas with lower pressure while no other forces hold them in place, this is how a vacuum works, by cr...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lgr8h	What determines the borders where each timezone starts? If I live on the line which timezone do I follow?	Let's say I live next to the line where timezones are split and I go to a doctor who is in the next state over in another timezone at a certain appointment time. Would he schedule my appointment as if it were a show preview on television with something like 7/8 central?	Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbvj4xn" ], "text": [ "Time zone boundaries tend to follow the same boundaries as countries or subdivisions in order to keep time as constant as possible. If you had an appointment in another state, they would schedule you their time, not yours. Some businesses, who are close to a timezone di...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lgw1c	Why is there a separate security code on credit cards? If the three extra digits make it that much more secure, why not just make the number three digits longer?		Economics	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbvogrg", "dbvkn60", "dbvn38j", "dbvus2z", "dbvzje9", "dbvvwuc", "dbwiz0k", "dbwewmk" ], "text": [ "In the olden days, credit cards were often not scanned with the mag strip, because the equipment was still too expensive for smaller retailers. What they did instead...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lgx81	how do people hold their breath for so long without passing out/dying	The official record for breath held underwater is 24 minutes and 3 seconds. HOW?!	Biology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbvm1nh", "dbvpucx" ], "text": [ "They train to perform well for their sport. If you do something that is challenging repeatedly your body adapts. So their bodies are more efficient with oxygen, and they probably have a large lung capacity and good control over their heart rate. Some of t...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lgxhi	A lifetime supply.		Economics	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbvknsp" ], "text": [ "Depending on the product and company a lifetime supply would mean a certain amount each year for so many years. In this case vans which would probably be one pair per year. If the t & c stated 30 years for example it would be a total of 30 pairs in way of a voucher per ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lh577	Why do non-fighters collapse when they get elbowed in the head, but MMA fighters can take it with the punches so to speak?	Watching a UFC fight, you see fighters elbow as hard as possible against their opponents face. The fight goes on. Whereas when Metta World Peace elbowed James Harden, he was on the floor clutching his head and the game was stopped. Both muscular men throwing elbows. If anything the MMA elbow should be more effective in...	Biology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbvnhw0", "dbvq2kz", "dbvmw05" ], "text": [ "Med student and martial arts buff here. Most people just aren't used to getting hit. It's a huge deal for most people because it's an egregious violation of all kinds of social norms, it destroys their pre-concieved notions about themselves...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lh9ki	My brother looks exactly like my dad when my dad was a baby. I currently look like my dad at his current age. My brother and I do not look alike nor related. How does this happen?		Biology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbvpjoe" ], "text": [ "You each got 50% of your dad's genes, some overlap and some don't, some get activated earlier than others." ], "score": [ 7 ], "text_urls": [ [] ] }	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lhaz8	How do rebreathers work?	I'm watching a documentary on the USS Atlanta and they mention the world record for the longest dive was 30 hours. I've dived before a decent amount of time but never worked with rebreathers, how are they able to stay under for so long without adverse effects?	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbvwrp6", "dbvvki6", "dbwnmen" ], "text": [ "If you're suffocated by being locked in a small box, it's not actually the lack of oxygen which is the problem. Normally the cycle is 20.9% oxygen, 0.04% CO2 in, then 16% oxygen 4% CO2 is exhaled. Inhaling 1% is very uncomfortable, \"stuffy...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lhb8h	How do card readers know that a card has a chip?	When I see people use their cards at places like convenience stores, sometimes they'll swipe their card and then be asked afterword by the machine to insert the chip instead. How does the machine know the card has a chip, and how can it tell the difference?	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbvoph3" ], "text": [ "When you swipe your card, the machine is reading information on the card. One of the things it reads is a little message that says \"Hey! I have a chip on me!\" Now the machine knows, so it tells you to use the chip." ], "score": [ 48 ], "text_urls": [ [...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lhc44	Why do most spiders have many eyes, but poor vision?		Biology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbvw73y" ], "text": [ "Predatory [jumping spiders]( URL_0 ) actually have quite good vision, but that doesn't necessarily answer your question of why other species of spiders have so many eyes if they don't get good vision out of it. The \"secondary eyes\" apparently mostly detect the direc...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lhdgq	Memory assignment in hardware	When I write a line of code in C like int x = 5; How is that value physically written into the computers memory?	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbvom3m" ], "text": [ "The C compiler will craft a request to the operating system to assign an available memory location to hold an integer. When it's time to store a number there, the CPU will put an electric signal on its address bus pins equal to the binary address of that memory location...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lhdts	Why do we capitalize "Happy New Year"?		Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbvola3", "dbvol2y", "dbvt6sf" ], "text": [ "My guess is that happy is capitalized because it's the beginning of a sentence, and New Year is a proper noun (shorthand for New Year's Day).", "New Year's Day is the name of a holiday. Because of this it is capitalized like every other...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lhh73	Why do mobile games suck, even though phones are more powerful than good handheld gaming systems like Gameboy?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbvpq8r", "dbvzxmi", "dbvq4h3" ], "text": [ "This might be a snarky response but: have you purchased any 30-40$ mobile games? If you can play a game for free, what you are playing is what someone could create on a fairly small budget, in a fairly small studio, and then sell to investo...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lhiq3	School Choice	Is it the ability to put their kids in any public school they want? That the government should pay for private schools? With school choice, will new private schools open? I don't understand, unless there are "open slots" in schools, isn't it just going to be people with influence get their kids in good schools, and oth...	Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbvu7el" ], "text": [ "I'm going to answer from an American perspective. The argument goes something like this. Public schools are really terrible. So the wealthy pay extra to get into private school. The less wealthy but still well off will move to areas where the public education is better ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lhovu	What causes your nasal cavity to sometimes "burn" when there is liquid entering it, but other times it isn't painful?	I thought it had to do with the salinity of the liquid (hence why saline solutions work to clear your nasal passages) but I recently got that burning feeling from my own mucus. I had a very runny nose and while trying to blow it I got that burning feeling associated with getting water up your nose.	Biology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbvzqbb" ], "text": [ "You are very much correct. Fresh water will burn, but an isotonic saline solution that's close to your blood plasma will soak in and rinse through quite comfortably. The burn from runny nose mucus was probably concentrated enough to be TOO salty, which hurts just as muc...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lhrfu	Why are kinder eggs banned in America, but knockoffs aren't?		Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbvs26h", "dbvrxe7", "dbw4x7s", "dbw4484", "dbwdj26", "dbw4r82", "dbw4iv3", "dbw5a57", "dbw4hud", "dbwmf5y", "dbwfge1", "dbw2t4f", "dbweysh" ], "text": [ "The regulations forbid embedding non-edible things inside food. While banning bits of plas...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lhtex	How was the canyon diablo meteorite, an object not from earth, used to determine the age of the earth?		Biology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbvskv2" ], "text": [ "Basically, what it boils down to is that pretty much everything in our solar system [formed at about the same time]( URL_0 ). It turns out that this particular meteorite has a [particular composition that makes age estimations based on lead isotopes easier to measure]( ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5li1yj	Why is the golden ratio common to so many things of different nature?		Mathematics	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbvwzv5", "dbw84pl", "dbvyn15", "dbvy95k", "dbvvgem", "dbwns4d", "dbw271t" ], "text": [ "Say you have a seed. Deep down in the genetic code of the seed is the simple genetic code that says \"have these cells build more of themselves.\" If you let all those cells grow, ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5li5dj	What is the pixel resolution of regular eyesight and what minimum resolution would be needed for VR glasses to match a normal person's vision?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbvvbzc" ], "text": [ "Regular eyesight has a resolution equivalent to around __576 megapixels.__ This is the resolution that must be matched in order for VR to appear 100% real. (Although lower resolutions might suffice, too.)" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text_urls": [ [] ] }	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5li6sn	Why is the moment of death always associated with "the light going out from one's eyes"? Does this actually happen or is it just a metaphor?		Biology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbvvkbl", "dbw6vrb", "dbvy5c3", "dbw1qhx", "dbvvmx8", "dbw723v", "dbvylf4", "dbw64sm", "dbwciko" ], "text": [ "Absolutely not. If you have ever looked into something's eyes when they die the pupils dilate and focus become unfixed. The eyes begin to look waxy. T...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5liavk	How do the police trace a bullet back to its gun?		Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbvx9x9", "dbvwfjh" ], "text": [ "They don't. That's the great TV/movie trope. Police don't trace the gun. They match the recovered casing or intact bullet to the gun they retrieved at the scene at the same time as the perpetrator is arrested. The firearm does impose a wear mark of the ri...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5liqj4	Why is ice-cream that's melted then frozen much harder to scoop than fresh ice-cream?		Chemistry	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbw2c95" ], "text": [ "There are two things that make ice cream soft - the ice is in very small crystals, and tiny bubbles of air mixed into it. When you melt and refreze it, some of the air bubbles merge to create bigger bubbles with more solid material around them, and the ice crystals that...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lirbu	How do life insurers make a profit?		Economics	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbw0xdk", "dbw08z2" ], "text": [ "They invest the money you give them and earn interest on it. And they don't always pay out so they keep that money too.", "Most people end up paying more in premiums then they get in return, accounting for inflation and return on the invested funds." ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lispj	Does the question "what was before the Big Bang?" even make sense?	If time and space were created at the Big Bang, then that question doesn't even make sense right? There was no space before the Big Bang, therefore there was nothing before the Big Bang because "things" and "stuff" can't exist without space, right? And there was no time before the Big Bang, therefore there wasn't a "be...	Physics	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbw0qis" ], "text": [ "It's an interesting question because we want to know and understand as much as possible about our universe. But to your last point, you may well be right that we will never be able to really look beyond that origin point, and even if we could we might not make sense of ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lit0m	Why is your reflection upside-down when you look at a spoon on the side that is curved inwards?		Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbw1alq" ], "text": [ "Because the light coming off of your face is hitting the curved edge of the spoon and then reflecting off perpendicular to the surface. This makes it so the light that hits the top (from the top part of your head) is reflected downwards and the light that hits the botto...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5liy0i	How do fetishes work/how do you get them?	Is there any known explanation? I've been thinking about the fetishes I have (won't go further than that as I am on my main account) and I am confused at how they came to be for me. Any explanations are appreciated.	Biology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbw4b50", "dbx9bwx" ], "text": [ "No one knows for sure. But the leading theory is that somehow the pathways between sexual feelings and \"mundane\" objects and situations get crossed. So say you are five years old, and you see a lady wearing heels, your brain may \"glitch\" and a fetish ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lj0oc	Why and how do Epsom Salts soothe sore muscles?		Chemistry	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbwcav4" ], "text": [ "I assume you're talking about epsom salt baths. In reality, relaxing in a warm bath relaxes you and relieves soreness. Epsom salt does nothing in this application." ], "score": [ 3 ], "text_urls": [ [] ] }	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lj296	Bicameral legislatures - how do they work and why do they exist?		Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbw33ci" ], "text": [ "A bicameral legislature is a system in which two bodies are responsible for making laws. Both bodies must agree on and pass a bill before it can be signed by the PM/president/whatever and become a law. The United States is an example of a bicameral legislature. The two ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lj9ns	Why is the HD quality that comes out of my $25 indoor antenna better than what I used to get through a cable box?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbw4z5c" ], "text": [ "Your cable company is compressing the signal. Over-the-air transmissions are 100% pure, uncompressed video signals." ], "score": [ 8 ], "text_urls": [ [] ] }	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lja4n	How do we know animals are not as self-conscious as humans?		Biology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbw5gll", "dbwjddb" ], "text": [ "Consciousness tests. Things like setting up a mirror and watching to see if the critter figures out that they're seeing themselves or if they think they're seeing another critter. There are plenty of others, but that one is basic and persuasive. And the a...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5ljevu	why credit cards are safer than debit cards?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbw63s0", "dbwctv7", "dbwcyg5" ], "text": [ "The key difference: With a credit card, the card issuer must fight to get its money back. With a debit card, you must fight to get your money back. If you report your card lost or stolen before any fraudulent transactions occur, you...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5ljg3b	Why headlights can be seen from a mile away but only illuminate a few hundred feet in front of the car.		Physics	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbw6z8s", "dbwb089" ], "text": [ "1/Distance^2 (As distance increases the luminosity gets exponentially smaller) Basically the further out the light is shined, the less luminosity it has. While the direct light source can be seen easily from a distance, the surrounding area that is lit up...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5ljjal	Why does a mere air bubble in the circulatory system prove to be fatal?		Biology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbw8r8t" ], "text": [ "Because an air bubble can function and cause the same problems as a clot formed of other materials. Collectively, it is known as an embolism and can be made of things like clotted blood, fatty tissue, or even an air bubble. The principle is simple, the air bubble travel...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5ljtay	Does being out in the "cold" without a coat actually make you more prone to being sick?	I generally like cooler weather, and can easily go out in the "cold" (winter in the North Eastern United States) with no jacket at all, or a coat if it's really cold... However, I'm constantly being told to "put a coat on!" Or "HURRY up and come inside, you'll catch a cold!" Yet I rarely get sick. On the contrary, the ...	Biology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbwafin", "dbw9dxo", "dbw9ky7", "dbwafgm" ], "text": [ "Many answers here are misguided. Think of your body as a machine. When it's cold out it's occupied trying to warm you up. It pulls resources away from other areas for this. At body temperature, the cells responded with a soph...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5ljz8f	If fat is stored energy, why can't fat people not eat for a few days, be fine, and consume the fat		Biology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbwaitk", "dbwa9me", "dbweyu7", "dbwalhr" ], "text": [ "It can be done, with proper supervision. See the story of Angus Barbieri... URL_0", "Fat isn't a complete source of everything we need. It is great to supplement an insufficient supply of food but not enough to completely...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lk1jq	US college football bowls	As a non-American who loves NFL I am confused to no end about how the different bowls (sugar, rose, outback etc) relate to each other. How are the teams selected? Is there one bowl that rules them all (I.e. Crowns #1 in the country)? Where does the names of the different bowls come from? What else should I know about t...	Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbwee6y", "dbwbi9s" ], "text": [ "The larger bowl games (Rose, Sugar, Orange, Peach, Cotton, Fiesta) are traditionally given to the champions of each conference. For example, the Rose Bowl is traditionally between the conference champions from the Big Ten and the Pac-12. Each one is diffe...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lk6pt	Will sovereign states/countries ever shift from being republics to some different system of government just like how monarchies were slowly phased out? Why or why not?		Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbwcsry" ], "text": [ "On the one hand, modern liberal democracy is regarded as \"the end of history\", with no other system to follow it. But it's as arrogant as it sounds. The ancient Greeks observed anacyclosis, a constant cycle of tyranny-oligarchy-democracy. Tyrants eventually die or g...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lkcvi	why goats climb on top of stuff, please.		Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbwcvq6", "dbwdk0y" ], "text": [ "This just my guess but most animals try to climb on to stuff so they can see more. That way they can see predators that might come and attack them, and find prey (if they need to) or other food sources much easier.", "Put simply, practice makes perfec...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lkdo1	Why does driving long distances make people tired?	It occurred to me while driving home from work one day. I noticed the drive home will seem to drain me the longer I am on the road. Leaving me basically exhausted by the time I get home. Even though I am not performing anything I consider to be physically demanding. Why is it that I am left tired after the drive?	Biology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbwcypr" ], "text": [ "Driving is pretty taxing mentally, especially on a busy road you're constant at a peak awareness to make sure you don't crash and die. Mentally tired is something that can happen too." ], "score": [ 8 ], "text_urls": [ [] ] }	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lkql6	People who wake up after a head injury with a new ability (for example fluency in a foreign language)		Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbwio3s", "dbwitmn" ], "text": [ "Acquired Savant Syndrome. There's only 30 or so cases ever known. This [Popular Science article]( URL_0 ) has some information but we're not particularly close to figuring out how it works, let alone being able to recreate the effect.", "There have no...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lksbc	What happens to our bodies when we don't get enough sleep over a long period of time?		Biology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbwgoer" ], "text": [ "our body is engineered to save energy where we can best... that means shutting down some organs to preserve energy. mental problems soon follow" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text_urls": [ [] ] }	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lkuig	Why is salt iodized?	What do our bodies need salt for? And why aren't we getting enough of it? And most importantly, why is it added to salt in particular. Why not put it in multivitamins, or some other food.	Biology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbwfrgy", "dbwmfcy", "dbwnwi3" ], "text": [ "Iodine is necessary and deficiency cause goiter. A swelling of the thyroid (not thymus) in the neck. It was added to salt because it is something that every household has and regularly uses. Multivitamins are not something every family has....	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lkvjy	In the past, chopping off a hand was a common punishment for thieves. What exactly happens afterwards?		Biology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbwgqts", "dbwg2hh" ], "text": [ "Blood arteries and veins have a natural reaction to being severed that closes them up quite rapidly. Amputations is usually not considered a vital injury in first aid. There can be complications with infections but if done with a clean wound that is banda...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lkvt4	Why does the face get so many more pimples when the hands/feet/arms are in much more contact with dirt etc.?		Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbwr5jz", "dbwgie5", "dbwgphs", "dbwvqnp", "dbwstmv" ], "text": [ "Acne is a \"multi-factor\" process. Dirt/bacteria from the environment isn't the only or biggest reason for acne. 1. Sebum 2. Androgen/Testerone 3. P. Acnes Bacteria 4. Keratin 5. Dead skin cells 6. Clogged por...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lkwes	How come full siblings share only 50% genetic with each other and not 100% since they both have the same parents?	Someone told me that full siblings with the same parents only share 50% genetic material, but why wouldn't it be 100% since they both have the same parents and are both getting 50% from the same mom and 50% from the same dad? Isn't it true that they're getting 100% of the same amount of DNA from the same genetic source...	Biology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbwgaci", "dbwgcvp", "dbwgb7e", "dbwnx9l" ], "text": [ "During conception you get 50% of your genes from your father and 50% from your mother. But you still have the same number of genes so there is 50% of the genes from each parent you do not get. Your siblings will have the same...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lkxek	Why do we remember some dreams, sometimes for years, but tend to forget others right away?		Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbwgasa" ], "text": [ "We forget almost everything. Most of what you learn is school you forget. Where you have been. What you did yesterday. Dreams are no exception. We remember things specifically useful for survival. Everyone recalls the details of an escape, or a close encounter with dang...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5ll4g2	Why do roads have unnecessary bends?		Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbwhnrr", "dbwhl8a", "dbwozxs", "dbwipiq" ], "text": [ "I think the premise is false - just because it seems unnecessary, it's highly unlikely anybody is going to build needlessly curvy roads. Obvious factors would be geography (Sometimes cheaper to simply avoid a big rock formati...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5ll6g5	In a box of tissue paper, how does the next piece of tissue come out when you pull out the one above it?		Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbwhsd0" ], "text": [ "Some fairly clever origami. Each tissue in the box is folded both to fit better in the box and to have a little flap that connects to the next tissue. When you grab the top tissue, the next tissue starts to come too. Eventually the friction force holding the next tissue...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5ll7i3	Why are floppy discs called "Floppy" if they're not floppy?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbwhrdn", "dbwk1uu", "dbwhovn" ], "text": [ "They were floppy when they were first created. If you look at URL_0 , which has the three most common sizes of floppy disks, the largest (8-inch) and the middle (5.25-inch) ones are housed in flexible plastic. By the time the smallest (3.5-...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5ll9e4	Shadowbanning		Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbwi8rm" ], "text": [ "Have you ever gotten into situations, where you are technically within a social group, but that group simply let's you tag along, while ignoring you completely? That's basically what shadowbanning is." ], "score": [ 3 ], "text_urls": [ [] ] }	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5ll9me	How do data collectors account for people who put random answers in surveys?	I just had to take a one question survey before watching a YouTube video and I just put a random answer without looking at the question just to get to my video faster. I know I am not the only one who does this and I know that it happens A LOT. Like realistically, how many people are actually answering that YouTube sur...	Mathematics	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbwp95r", "dbwjssg", "dbwo2bp", "dbwirrr", "dbwziy4", "dbwmket" ], "text": [ "Hi, I am a mod at /r/surveyresearch and a full time survey researcher. There is inherent noise in all data we collect. However, generally when people answer surveys they mostly tell the truth, th...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5llbaq	What happens with plane after emergency landing on water?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbwt2bw", "dbwihvn", "dbwk8rd" ], "text": [ "Pilot here. Landing on water is quite possibly the worst scenario a pilot can face when a forced landing is on the cards. It's a lot worse for some aircraft than it is for others, but regardless of the aircraft your in, it's a bad day no ma...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lle8u	Why "flare" effects in game actually feel blinding.	Like in a game when I look into a sun, it feels like it's actually blinding my eyes, even if it isn't real sunlight.	Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbwjtzv" ], "text": [ "For two reasons. 1. Your mind associates the game visual with known experiences. So it triggers the memories of being blinded by sunlight 2. Your autonomic nervous system learns to react based on previous experience. So your pupils will constrict to minimise light intak...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5llgje	In WW2 movies and RL videos some soldiers salute and some use nazi salute. Why is that?		Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbwjf3k" ], "text": [ "Nazi salute (with straight right hand) was mandatory for civilians but optional for military. Soldiers mostly used traditional salute." ], "score": [ 3 ], "text_urls": [ [] ] }	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5llgq8	What are the "natural flavors" listed in some of these zero calorie drinks?	I've seen it listed in my flavored sparkling water. That just seems like a very vague term.	Chemistry	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbwrhhh" ], "text": [ "I always assume it is advertising shorthand for \"you don't want to know\" For example: \"Natural flavourings\" sounds a lot better than [\"beaver anal gland extract\"]( URL_0 )" ], "score": [ 8 ], "text_urls": [ [ "https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lljm1	Why do we salivate and gulp when we are nervous or put on the spot?		Biology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbwohcg", "dbwxgbr" ], "text": [ "When you're in fight or flight response and your sympathetic nervous system is activated. Activation of the sympathetic nervous system actually shuts down saliva production, digestion and other rest and digest functions so you can use all your available e...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5lllev	Why does slow motion video of car headlights look like they are blinking rapidly?		Technology	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbwlxfd" ], "text": [ "A lot of modern cars use LEDs, now LEDs don't really dim, they actually just flash on and off really fast to give the perception of them being dimmer. So, if the same bulb is used for the high beams, then the regular headlight brightness will be achieved by dimming." ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5llsho	Why do companies use such low amounts of natural juice in soda, is there a reason for this? And are all the other components really necessary in such amount?		Chemistry	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbwlrhy", "dbwowlh", "dbwnek6", "dbwnsby", "dbwtcz3", "dbwqlh8", "dbwrbc1", "dbwphv7", "dbwp6yx", "dbwogag", "dbwo2s6", "dbwrc3f", "dbwqofu", "dbwsbta", "dbwnmg3", "dbwv8cj", "dbwsodz", "dbwnmw1", "dbws1fe", "dbwu2ml" ], ...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]
5llsqo	How does the Queen decide who to knight? There's 1000s of people on this year's honor list how are they aware of them all to know if they deserve an award? Also how do they decide who deserves a CBE vs an OBE vs an MBE etc?		Other	explainlikeimfive	{ "a_id": [ "dbwm29y" ], "text": [ "Anyone can nominate someone for an honour, and a series of [committees]( URL_0 ) reviews the nominations. They make recommendations to the Prime Minister, who makes recommendations to the Queen. The exception is the Royal Victorian Order, which is given for personal ser...	[ "url" ]	[ "url" ]

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