SVTRv2： CTC Beats Encoder-Decoder Models in Scene Text Recognition/main.bib

@String(PAMI = {IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell.})
@String(IJCV = {Int. J. Comput. Vis.})
@String(CVPR= {IEEE Conf. Comput. Vis. Pattern Recog.})
@String(ICCV= {Int. Conf. Comput. Vis.})
@String(ECCV= {Eur. Conf. Comput. Vis.})
@String(NIPS= {Adv. Neural Inform. Process. Syst.})
@String(ICPR = {Int. Conf. Pattern Recog.})
@String(BMVC= {Brit. Mach. Vis. Conf.})
@String(TOG= {ACM Trans. Graph.})
@String(TIP  = {IEEE Trans. Image Process.})
@String(TVCG  = {IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph.})
@String(TMM  = {IEEE Trans. Multimedia})
@String(ACMMM= {ACM Int. Conf. Multimedia})
@String(ICME = {Int. Conf. Multimedia and Expo})
@String(ICASSP=	{ICASSP})
@String(ICIP = {IEEE Int. Conf. Image Process.})
@String(ACCV  = {ACCV})
@String(ICLR = {Int. Conf. Learn. Represent.})
@String(IJCAI = {IJCAI})
@String(PR   = {Pattern Recognition})
@String(AAAI = {AAAI})
@String(CVPRW= {IEEE Conf. Comput. Vis. Pattern Recog. Worksh.})
@String(CSVT = {IEEE Trans. Circuit Syst. Video Technol.})

@String(SPL	= {IEEE Sign. Process. Letters})
@String(VR   = {Vis. Res.})
@String(JOV	 = {J. Vis.})
@String(TVC  = {The Vis. Comput.})
@String(JCST  = {J. Comput. Sci. Tech.})
@String(CGF  = {Comput. Graph. Forum})
@String(CVM = {Computational Visual Media})


@String(PAMI  = {IEEE TPAMI})
@String(IJCV  = {IJCV})
@String(CVPR  = {CVPR})
@String(ICCV  = {ICCV})
@String(ECCV  = {ECCV})
@String(NIPS  = {NeurIPS})
@String(ICPR  = {ICPR})
@String(BMVC  =	{BMVC})
@String(TOG   = {ACM TOG})
@String(TIP   = {IEEE TIP})
@String(TVCG  = {IEEE TVCG})
@String(TCSVT = {IEEE TCSVT})
@String(TMM   =	{IEEE TMM})
@String(ACMMM = {ACM MM})
@String(ICME  =	{ICME})
@String(ICASSP=	{ICASSP})
@String(ICIP  = {ICIP})
@String(ACCV  = {ACCV})
@String(ICLR  = {ICLR})
@String(IJCAI = {IJCAI})
@String(PR = {PR})
@String(AAAI = {AAAI})
@String(CVPRW= {CVPRW})
@String(CSVT = {IEEE TCSVT})



@ARTICLE{tpami2023I2C2W,
  author={Xue, Chuhui and Huang, Jiaxing and Zhang, Wenqing and Lu, Shijian and Wang, Changhu and Bai, Song},
  title={{Image-to-Character-to-Word} Transformers for Accurate Scene Text Recognition}, 
  year = {2023},
  volume = {45},
  number = {11},
  journal = {IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell.},
  pages = {12908–12921}}

@inproceedings{ijcai2023LPV,
  title     = {{Linguistic More}: Taking a Further Step toward Efficient and Accurate Scene Text Recognition},
  author    = {Zhang, B. and Xie, H. and Wang, Y. and Xu, J. and Zhang, Y.},
  booktitle = {IJCAI},
  pages     = {1704--1712},
  year      = {2023},

}

@article{TPAMI2022ABINetPP,
author = {Fang, Shancheng and Mao, Zhendong and Xie, Hongtao and Wang, Yuxin and Yan, Chenggang and Zhang, Yongdong},
title = {{ABINet}++: Autonomous, Bidirectional and Iterative Language Modeling for Scene Text Spotting},
year = {2023},
volume = {45},
number = {6},
journal = {IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell.},
pages = {7123–7141},
numpages = {19}
}

@InProceedings{iccv2023lister,
  title={{LISTER}:  Neighbor Decoding for Length-Insensitive Scene Text Recognition},
  author={C. Cheng and P. Wang and C. Da and Q. Zheng and C. Yao},
  booktitle={ICCV},
pages={19484-19494},
  year={2023}
}

@ARTICLE{wang2022tip_PETR,
  author={Wang, Y. and Xie, H. and Fang, S. and Xing, M. and Wang, J. and Zhu, S. and Zhang, Y.},
  journal={IEEE Trans. Image Process.}, 
  title={{PETR}: Rethinking the Capability of Transformer-Based Language Model in Scene Text Recognition}, 
  year={2022},
  volume={31},
  pages={5585-5598}}


@InProceedings{Guan_2023_CVPR_SIGA,
    author    = {Guan, T. and Gu, C. and Tu, J. and Yang, X. and Feng, Q. and Zhao, Y. and Shen, W.},
    title     = {{Self-Supervised} Implicit Glyph Attention for Text Recognition},
    booktitle = {CVPR},
    year      = {2023},
    pages     = {15285-15294}
}

@InProceedings{Liu_2022_CVPR_OpenCCD,
    author    = {Liu, C. and Yang, C. and Yin, X.},
    title     = {{Open-Set} Text Recognition via Character-Context Decoupling},
    booktitle = {CVPR},
    year      = {2022},
    pages     = {4523-4532}
}

@InProceedings{Guan_2023_ICCV_CCD,
    author    = {Guan, T. and Shen, W. and Yang, X. and Feng, Q. and Jiang, Z. and Yang, X.},
    title     = {{Self-Supervised Character-to-Character} Distillation for Text Recognition},
    booktitle = {ICCV},
    year      = {2023},
    pages     = {19473-19484}
}

@InProceedings{mgpstr,
author="Wang, P.
and Da, C.
and Yao, C.",
title="{Multi-Granularity Prediction} for Scene Text Recognition",
booktitle="ECCV",
year="2022",
pages="339--355",
}

@InProceedings{MATRN,
author="Na, B.
and Kim, Y.
and Park, S.",
title="{Multi-modal Text Recognition Networks}: Interactive Enhancements Between Visual and Semantic Features",
booktitle="ECCV",
year="2022",
pages="446--463",
}

@InProceedings{sgbanet,
author="Zhong, D.
and Lyu, S.
and Shivakumara, P.
and Yin, B.
and Wu, J.
and Pal, U.
and Lu, Y.",
title="{SGBANet}: Semantic GAN and Balanced Attention Network for Arbitrarily Oriented Scene Text Recognition",
booktitle="ECCV",
year="2022",
pages="464--480",
}

@InProceedings{levocr,
author="Da, C.
and Wang, P.
and Yao, C.",
title="{Levenshtein OCR}",
booktitle="ECCV",
year="2022",
pages="322--338",
}



@article{pr2019MORAN,
author = {Luo, C. and Jin, L. and Sun, Z.},
title = {{MORAN}: A Multi-Object Rectified Attention Network for Scene Text Recognition},
  journal      = {Pattern Recognit.},
  volume       = {90},
  pages        = {109--118},
  year         = {2019},
}

@inproceedings{YangLDG22focalnet,
  author       = {Jianwei Yang and
                  Chunyuan Li and
                  Xiyang Dai and
                  Jianfeng Gao},
  title        = {Focal Modulation Networks},
  booktitle    = {NeurIPS},
  year         = {2022},
  pages={4203--4217},
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{cvpr2020seed,
author = {Z. Qiao and Y. Zhou and D. Yang and Y. Zhou and W. Wang},
booktitle = {CVPR},
title = {{SEED}: Semantics Enhanced Encoder-Decoder Framework for Scene Text Recognition},
year = {2020},
pages = {13525-13534},

}

@INPROCEEDINGS{cvpr2021TransOCR,
  author={Chen, J. and Li, B. and Xue, X.},
  booktitle={CVPR}, 
  title={{Scene Text Telescope}: Text-Focused Scene Image Super-Resolution}, 
  year={2021},
  pages={12021-12030}}

@article{pr2021MASTER,
title = {{MASTER}: Multi-aspect non-local network for scene text recognition},
  journal      = {Pattern Recognit.},
  volume       = {117},
  pages        = {107980},
  year         = {2021},
author = {N. Lu and W. Yu and X. Qi and Y. Chen and P. Gong and R. Xiao and X. Bai},
}


@inproceedings{yuICCV2023clipctr,
      title={Chinese Text Recognition with A Pre-Trained {CLIP-Like} Model Through Image-IDS Aligning}, 
      author={H. Yu and X. Wang and B. Li and X. Xue},
      year={2023},
booktitle = {ICCV},
pages={11909-11918}
}

@inproceedings{duijcai2022svtr,
  title     = {{SVTR}: Scene Text Recognition with a Single Visual Model},
  author    = {Du, Y. and Chen, Z. and Jia, C. and Yin, X. and Zheng, T. and Li, C. and Du, Y. and Jiang, Y.-G.},
  booktitle = {IJCAI},
  pages     = {884--890},
  year      = {2022},
}

@article{mmocr2021,
    title={{MMOCR}:  A Comprehensive Toolbox for Text Detection, Recognition and Understanding},
    author={Kuang, Z. and Sun, H. and Li, Z. and Yue, X. and Lin, T. and Chen, J. and Wei, H. and Zhu, Y. and Gao, T. and Zhang, W. and Chen, K. and Zhang, W. and Lin, D.},
  journal   = {CoRR},
  volume    = {abs/2108.06543},
  eprinttype = {arXiv},
    year={2021}
}

@inproceedings{HeC0LHWD22GTR,
  author    = {Y. He and
               C. Chen and
               J. Zhang and
               J. Liu and
               F. He and
               C. Wang and
               B. Du},
  title     = {Visual Semantics Allow for Textual Reasoning Better in Scene Text Recognition},
  booktitle = {AAAI},
  pages     = {888--896},
  year      = {2022},
}

@inproceedings{BautistaA22PARSeq,
  author    = {D. Bautista and
               R.l Atienza},
  title     = {Scene Text Recognition with Permuted Autoregressive Sequence Models},
  booktitle = {ECCV},
  pages     = {178--196},
  year      = {2022},
 
}

@inproceedings{cosine,
  author    = {\vspace{0mm}I. Loshchilov and F. Hutter},
  title     = {{SGDR:} Stochastic Gradient Descent with Warm Restarts},
  booktitle = {ICLR},
  year      = {2017},
}

@article{ppocrv3,
  author    = {C. Li and W. Liu and R. Guo and X. Yin and K. Jiang and Y. Du and Y. Du and L. Zhu and B. Lai and X. Hu and D. Yu and Y. Ma},
  title     = {{PP-OCRv3}: More Attempts for the Improvement of Ultra Lightweight OCR System},
  journal   = {CoRR},
  volume    = {abs/2206.03001},
  year      = {2022},
  eprinttype = {arXiv},
}

@inproceedings{adamw,
  author    = {I. Loshchilov and
               F. Hutter},
  title     = {Decoupled Weight Decay Regularization},
  booktitle =  {ICLR},
  year      = {2019},
}

@inproceedings{NIPS2017_attn,
 author = {Vaswani, A. and Shazeer, N. and Parmar, N. and Uszkoreit, J. and Jones, L. and Gomez, A. and Kaiser, \L. and Polosukhin, I.},
 booktitle = {NIPS},
 title = {Attention is All you Need},
pages        = {5998--6008},
 year = {2017}
}

@inproceedings{seqtoseq,
  author    = {I. Sutskever and
               O. Vinyals and
               Q. V. Le},
  title     = {Sequence to Sequence Learning with Neural Networks},
  booktitle = {NIPS},
  pages     = {3104--3112},
  year      = {2014}
}

@inproceedings{SMT,
  author    = {K. Cho and
               B. Merrienboer and
               {\c{C}}. G{\"{u}}l{\c{c}}ehre and
               D. Bahdanau and
               F. Bougares and
               H. Schwenk and
               Y. Bengio},
  title     = {Learning Phrase Representations using RNN Encoder-Decoder for Statistical Machine Translation},
  booktitle = {EMNLP},
  pages     = {1724--1734},
  year      = {2014}
}

@inproceedings{bert,
  author    = {J. Devlin and
               M. Chang and
               K. Lee and
               K. Toutanova},
  title     = {{BERT:} Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language
               Understanding},
  booktitle = {NAACL-HLT},
  pages     = {4171--4186},
  
  year      = {2019}
}

@inproceedings{LST,
  author    = {W. Chan and
               N. Jaitly and
               Q. V. Le and
               O. Vinyals},
  title     = {Listen, attend and spell: {A} neural network for large vocabulary
               conversational speech recognition},
  booktitle = {ICASSP},
  pages     = {4960--4964},
  year      = {2016},

}

@article{lstm,
  author    = {S. Hochreiter and
               J. Schmidhuber},
  title     = {Long Short-Term Memory},
  journal      = {Neural Comput.},
  volume       = {9},
  number       = {8},
  pages        = {1735--1780},
  year         = {1997}
}

@article{gru,
  author    = {J. Chung and
               {\c{C}}. G{\"{u}}l{\c{c}}ehre and
               K. Cho and
               Y. Bengio},
  title     = {Empirical Evaluation of Gated Recurrent Neural Networks on Sequence
               Modeling},
  journal   = {CoRR},
  volume    = {abs/1412.3555},
  eprinttype = {arXiv},
    year={2014}
}

@inproceedings{xie2019aggregation,
  title={Aggregation cross-entropy for sequence recognition},
  author={Xie, Zecheng and Huang, Yaoxiong and Zhu, Yuanzhi and Jin, Lianwen and Liu, Yuliang and Xie, Lele},
  booktitle={CVPR},
  pages={6538--6547},
  year={2019}
}

@inproceedings{li2022counting,
  title={{When Counting Meets HMER}: Counting-Aware Network for Handwritten Mathematical Expression Recognition},
  author={Li, B. and Yuan, Y. and Liang, D. and Liu, X. and Ji, Z. and Bai, J. and Liu, W. and Bai, X.},
  booktitle={ECCV},
  pages={197--214},
  year={2022}
}

@inproceedings{jiang2021reciprocal,
  title={Reciprocal feature learning via explicit and implicit tasks in scene text recognition},
  author={Jiang, H. and Xu, Y. and Cheng, Z. and Pu, S. and Niu, Y.and Ren, W. and Wu, F. and Tan, W.},
  booktitle={ICDAR},
  pages={287--303},
  year={2021},
}

@inproceedings{wang2020decoupled,
  title={Decoupled attention network for text recognition},
  author={Wang, T. and Zhu, Y. and Jin, L. and Luo, C. and Chen, X. and Wu, Y. and Wang, Q. and Cai, M.},
  booktitle={AAAI},
  pages={12216--12224},
  year={2020}
}

@inproceedings{qiao2021pimnet,
  title={{PIMNet}: a parallel, iterative and mimicking network for scene text recognition},
  author={Qiao, Z. and Zhou, Y. and Wei, J. and Wang, W. and Zhang, Y. and Jiang, N. and Wang, H. and Wang, W.},
  booktitle={ACM MM},
  pages={2046--2055},
  year={2021}
}

@article{shi2019aster,  
author={Shi, B. and Yang, M. and Wang, X. and Lyu, P. and Yao, C. and Bai, X.},  
journal={IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell.},   title={{ASTER}: An Attentional Scene Text Recognizer with Flexible Rectification},   
  volume       = {41},
  number       = {9},
  pages        = {2035--2048},
  year         = {2019}
}

@inproceedings{Zhang_Lu_Liao_Huang_Li_Wang_Peng_2024_DCTC, title={Self-Distillation Regularized Connectionist Temporal Classification Loss for Text Recognition: A Simple Yet Effective Approach}, booktitle={AAAI}, author={Zhang, Z. and Lu, N. and Liao, M. and Huang, Y. and Li, C. and Wang, M. and Peng, W.}, year={2024}, pages={7441-7449} }

@inproceedings{Wei_2024_busnet, title={Image as a Language: Revisiting Scene Text Recognition via Balanced, Unified and Synchronized Vision-Language Reasoning Network}, booktitle={AAAI}, author={Wei, J. and Zhan, H. and Lu, Y. and Tu, X. and Yin, B. and Liu, C. and Pal, U.}, year={2024}, pages={5885-5893} }

@article{shi2017crnn,  
author={Shi, B. and Bai, X. and Yao, C.},  
journal={IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell.},   title={An End-to-End Trainable Neural Network for Image-Based Sequence Recognition and Its Application to Scene Text Recognition},   
year={2017}, 
  volume       = {39},
  number       = {11},
pages={2298-2304},  
doi={10.1109/TPAMI.2016.2646371}}

@inproceedings{Sheng2019nrtr,
  title={{NRTR}: A No-Recurrence Sequence-to-Sequence Model for Scene Text Recognition},
  author={F. Sheng and Z. Chen and B. Xu},
  booktitle={ICDAR},
  year={2019},
  pages={781-786}
}
@inproceedings{li2019sar,
  title={Show, attend and read: A simple and strong baseline for irregular text recognition},
  author={Li, H. and Wang, P. and Shen, C. and Zhang, G.},
  booktitle={AAAI},
  pages={8610--8617},
  year={2019}
}
@inproceedings{zhang2020autostr,
  title={{AutoSTR}: Efficient backbone search for scene text recognition},
  author={Zhang, H. and Yao, Q. and Yang, M. and Xu, Y. and Bai, X.},
  booktitle={ECCV},
  pages={751--767},
  year={2020},
  organization={Springer}
}

@inproceedings{CTC,
author = {Graves, A. and Fern\'{a}ndez, S. and Gomez, F. and Schmidhuber, J.},
title = {Connectionist Temporal Classification: Labelling Unsegmented Sequence Data with Recurrent Neural Networks},
year = {2006},

booktitle = {ICML},
pages = {369-376},
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{segfree,
  author={Messina, R. and Louradour, J.},
  booktitle={ICDAR}, 
  title={Segmentation-free handwritten Chinese text recognition with LSTM-RNN}, 
  year={2015},
  pages={171-175}
  }
  
@inproceedings{whatwrong,
  author    = {J. Baek and
               G. Kim and
               J. Lee and
               S. Park and
               D. Han and
               S. Yun and
               S. J. Oh and
               H. Lee},
  title     = {What Is Wrong With Scene Text Recognition Model Comparisons? Dataset and Model Analysis},
  booktitle = {ICCV},
  pages     = {4714--4722},
  year      = {2019},
}

@article{long2021scene,
  title={Scene text detection and recognition: The deep learning era},
  author={Long, Shangbang and He, Xin and Yao, Cong},
  journal={Int. J. Comput. Vis.},
  volume={129},
  number={1},
  pages={161--184},
  year={2021},
  publisher={Springer}
}

@inproceedings{fang2021abinet,
  title={{Read Like Humans}: Autonomous, Bidirectional and Iterative Language Modeling for Scene Text Recognition},
  author={Fang, S. and Xie, H. and Wang, Y. and Mao, Z. and Zhang, Y.},
  booktitle={CVPR},
pages={7098-7107},
  year={2021}
}

@inproceedings{wang2020aaai_dan, title={Decoupled Attention Network for Text Recognition}, booktitle={AAAI}, author={Wang, T. and Zhu, Y. and Jin, L. and Luo, C. and Chen, X. and Wu, Y. and Wang, Q. and Cai, M.}, year={2020}, pages={12216-12224}}

@inproceedings{lee2020recognizing,
  title={On recognizing texts of arbitrary shapes with 2D self-attention},
  author={Lee, J. and Park, S. and Baek, J. and Oh, S. and Kim, S. and Lee, H.},
  booktitle={CVPR Workshops},
  pages        = {2326--2335},
  year         = {2020},
}

@InProceedings{He_2016_CVPR,
author = {He, K. and Zhang, X. and Ren, S. and Sun, J.},
title = {Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition},
booktitle = {CVPR},
year = {2016},
pages = {770-778}
}

@article{yang2024class_cam,
  title={Class-Aware Mask-guided feature refinement for scene text recognition},
  author={Yang, M. and Yang, B. and Liao, M. and Zhu, Y. and Bai, X.},
  journal={Pattern Recognition},
  volume={149},
  pages={110244},
  year={2024},
}

@inproceedings{xie2022toward_cornertrans,
  title={{Toward Understanding WordArt}: Corner-Guided Transformer for Scene Text Recognition},
  author={Xie, X. and Fu, L. and Zhang, Z. and Wang, Z. and Bai, X.},
  booktitle={ECCV},
  pages={303--321},
  year={2022}
}

@inproceedings{wan2020textscanner,
  title={{TextScanner}: Reading characters in order for robust scene text recognition},
  author={Wan, Z. and He, M. and Chen, H. and Bai, X. and Yao, C.},
  booktitle={AAAI},
  pages={12120--12127},
  year={2020}
}

@article{jmlr_2019_nas,
  author       = {T. Elsken and
                  J. H. Metzen and
                  F. Hutter},
  title        = {Neural Architecture Search: {A} Survey},
  journal      = {J. Mach. Learn. Res.},
  volume       = {20},
  pages        = {55:1--55:21},
  year         = {2019},
}

@inproceedings{yue2020robustscanner,
  title={{RobustScanner}: Dynamically enhancing positional clues for robust text recognition},
  author={Yue, X. and Kuang, Z. and Lin, C. and Sun, H. and Zhang, W.},
  booktitle={ECCV},
  pages={135--151},
  year={2020},
}

@article{zheng2024cdistnet,
  title={{CDistNet}: Perceiving multi-domain character distance for robust text recognition},
  author={Zheng, T. and Chen, Z. and Fang, S. and Xie, H. and Jiang, Y.-G.},
  journal={Int. J. Comput. Vis.},
  volume={132},
  number={2},
  pages={300--318},
  year={2024}
}

@inproceedings{hu2020gtc,
  title={{GTC}: Guided training of ctc towards efficient and accurate scene text recognition},
  author={Hu, W. and Cai, X. and Hou, J. and Yi, S. and Lin, Z.},
  booktitle={AAAI},
  pages={11005--11012},
  year={2020}
}

@article{ChenJZLW21str_survey,
  author       = {X. Chen and
                  L. Jin and
                  Y. Zhu and
                  C. Luo and
                  T. Wang},
  title        = {Text Recognition in the Wild: {A} Survey},
  journal      = {{ACM} Comput. Surv.},
  volume       = {54},
  number       = {2},
  pages        = {42:1--42:35},
  year         = {2022},
}

@inproceedings{yu2020srn,
  title={Towards accurate scene text recognition with semantic reasoning networks},
  author={Yu, D. and Li, X. and Zhang, C. and Liu, T. and Han, J. and Liu, J. and Ding, E.},
  booktitle={CVPR},
  pages={12113--12122},
  year={2020}
}

@article{du2024igtr,
      title={Instruction-Guided Scene Text Recognition}, 
      author={Y. Du and Z. Chen and Y. Su and C. Jia and Y.-G. Jiang},
      year={2025},
doi={10.1109/TPAMI.2025.3525526},
  journal   = {IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell.},
  volume       = {47},
  number       = {4},
  pages        = {2723--2738},
}

@inproceedings{zhou2024cff,
    title={Focus on the Whole Character: Discriminative Character Modeling for Scene Text Recognition}, 
    author={B. Zhou and Y. Qu and Z. Wang and Z. Li and B. Zhang and H. Xie},
  booktitle={IJCAI},
  pages={1762--1770},
  year={2024}
}

@InProceedings{Xu_2024_CVPR_OTE,
    author    = {Xu, J. and Wang, Y. and Xie, H. and Zhang, Y.},
title     = {{OTE}: Exploring Accurate Scene Text Recognition Using One Token},
    booktitle = {CVPR},
    year      = {2024},
    pages     = {28327-28336}
}

@inproceedings{yan2021pren,
  author    = {Yan, R. and
               Peng, L. and
               Xiao, S. and
               Yao, G.},
  title     = {Primitive Representation Learning for Scene Text Recognition},
  booktitle = {CVPR},
  year      = {2021},
  pages     = {284-293}
}
@inproceedings{lee2016attention,
  title={Recursive recurrent nets with attention modeling for ocr in the wild},
  author={Lee, C. and Osindero, S.},
  booktitle={CVPR},
  pages={2231--2239},
  year={2016}
}

@inproceedings{elsken2019nas,
  title={Neural architecture search: A survey},
  author={Elsken, T. and Metzen, J. H. and Hutter, F.},
  booktitle={JMLR},
  pages={1997--2017},
  year={2019},
}


@inproceedings{dosovitskiy2020vit,
  author    = {Dosovitskiy, A. and Beyer, L. and Kolesnikov, A. and Weissenborn, D. and Zhai, X. and Unterthiner, T. and Dehghani, M. and Minderer, M. and Heigold, G. and Gelly, S. and Uszkoreit, J. and Houlsby, N.},
  title     = {An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scale},
  booktitle = {ICLR},
  year      = {2021}
}



@article{dong2021cswin,
      title={{CSWin Transformer}: A General Vision Transformer Backbone with Cross-Shaped Windows}, 
        author={Xiaoyi Dong and Jianmin Bao and Dongdong Chen and Weiming Zhang and Nenghai Yu and Lu Yuan and Dong Chen and Baining Guo},
        primaryClass={cs.CV},
  journal   = {CoRR},
  volume    = {abs/2107.00652},
  eprinttype = {arXiv},
    year={2021}
}

@inproceedings{liu2021Swin,
  title={{Swin Transformer}: Hierarchical Vision Transformer using Shifted Windows},
  author={L., Ze and Lin, Yutong and Cao, Yue and Hu, Han and Wei, Yixuan and Zhang, Zheng and Lin, Stephen and Guo, Baining},
  booktitle={ICCV},
pages={9992-10002},
  year={2021}
}

@inproceedings{wang2021pvt,
  title={{Pyramid Vision Transformer}: A Versatile Backbone for Dense Prediction without Convolutions},
  author={Wang, W. and Xie, E. and Li, X. and Fan, D. and Song, K. and Liang, D. and Lu, T. and Luo, P. and Shao, L.},
  booktitle={ICCV},
pages={548-558},
  year={2021}
}
@InProceedings{Graham2021levit,
    author    = {Graham, B. and El-Nouby, A. and Touvron, H. and Stock, P. and Joulin, A. and Jegou, H. and Douze, M.},
    title     = {{LeViT}: A Vision Transformer in ConvNet's Clothing for Faster Inference},
    booktitle = {ICCV},
    year      = {2021},
    pages     = {12259-12269}
}


@InProceedings{Touvron2021deit,
  title =     {Training data-efficient image transformers & distillation through attention},
  author =    {T. Hugo and C. Matthieu and D. Matthijs and M. Francisco and S. Alexandre and J. Herve},
  booktitle = {ICML},
  pages = {10347--10357},
  year = {2021},
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{icdar2013,  author={D. KaratzasAU and F. ShafaitAU and S. UchidaAU and M. IwamuraAU and L. G. i. BigordaAU and S. R. MestreAU and J. MasAU and D. F. MotaAU and J. A. AlmazànAU and L. P. de las Heras},  
booktitle={ICDAR},
title={{ICDAR} 2013 Robust Reading Competition},   year={2013},  pages={1484-1493},  doi={10.1109/ICDAR.2013.221}
}

@inproceedings{shi2016rare,
  title={Robust scene text recognition with automatic rectification},
  author={Shi, B. and Wang, X. and Lyu, P. and Yao, C. and Bai, X.},
  booktitle={CVPR},
  pages={4168--4176},
  year={2016}
}

@inproceedings{tang2021vst,
  title={{Visual-Semantic} Transformer for Scene Text Recognition},
  author={Tang, X. and Lai, Y. and Liu, Y. and Fu, Y. and Fang, R.},
  booktitle={BMCV},
pages        = {772},
  year={2022}
}
@INPROCEEDINGS{icdar2015,  author={Karatzas, D. and Gomez-Bigorda, L. and Nicolaou, A. and Ghosh, S. and Bagdanov, A. and Iwamura, M. and Matas, J. and Neumann, L. and Chandrasekhar, V. R. and Lu, S. and Shafait, F. and Uchida, S. and Valveny, E.},  booktitle={ICDAR},   title={{ICDAR} 2015 competition on Robust Reading},   year={2015}, pages={1156-1160},  doi={10.1109/ICDAR.2015.7333942}}

@inproceedings{IIIT5K,
  title={Scene Text Recognition using Higher Order Language Priors},
  author={A. Mishra and A. Karteek and C. V. Jawahar},
  booktitle={BMVC},
pages={1-11},
  year={2012}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{SVTP,  author={Phan, T. Q. and Shivakumara, P. and Tian, S. and Tan, C. L.},  booktitle={CVPR},   title={Recognizing Text with Perspective Distortion in Natural Scenes},   year={2013},  pages={569-576},  doi={10.1109/ICCV.2013.76}}

@inproceedings{Yang2019SymmetryConstrainedRN,
  title={{Symmetry-Constrained} Rectification Network for Scene Text Recognition},
  author={M. Yang and Y. Guan and M. Liao and X. He and K. Bian and S. Bai and C. Yao and X. Bai},
  journal={ICCV)},
  year={2019},
  pages={9146-9155}
}

@article{simonyan2014VGG,
  title={Very deep convolutional networks for large-scale image recognition},
  author={Simonyan, K. and Zisserman, A.},
  journal   = {CoRR},
  volume    = {abs/1409.1556},
  eprinttype = {arXiv},
    year={2014}
}

@inproceedings{he2016resnet,
  title={Deep residual learning for image recognition},
  author={He, K. and Zhang, X. and Ren, S. and Sun, J.},
  booktitle={CVPR},
  pages={770--778},
  year={2016},
}

@article{howard2017mobilenets,
  title={{MobileNets}: Efficient convolutional neural networks for mobile vision applications},
  author={Howard, A. G and Zhu, M. and Chen, B. and Kalenichenko, D. and Wang, W. and Weyand, T. and Andreetto, M. and Adam, H.},
  journal   = {CoRR},
  volume    = {abs/1704.04861},
  eprinttype = {arXiv},
    year={2017}
}

@inproceedings{tan2019efficientnet,
  title={{EfficientNet}: Rethinking model scaling for convolutional neural networks},
  author={Tan, M. and Le, Q.},
  booktitle={ICML},
  pages={6105--6114},
  year={2019},
 
}

@InProceedings{Liu_2021_ICCV,
    author    = {Liu, Z. and Lin, Y. and Cao, Y. and Hu, H. and Wei, Y. and Zhang, Z. and Lin, S. and Guo, B.},
    title     = {{Swin Transformer}: Hierarchical Vision Transformer Using Shifted Windows},
    booktitle = {ICCV},
    year      = {2021},
    pages     = {10012-10022}
}

@inproceedings{vaswani2021scaling,
  title={Scaling local self-attention for parameter efficient visual backbones},
  author={Vaswani, A. and Ramachandran, P. and Srinivas, A. and Parmar, N. and Hechtman, B. and Shlens, J.},
  booktitle={CVPR},
  pages={12894--12904},
  year={2021}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Wang2011SVT,  author={Wang, K. and Babenko, B. and Belongie, S.},  booktitle={ICCV},   title={End-to-end scene text recognition},   year={2011}, pages={1457-1464},  doi={10.1109/ICCV.2011.6126402}}

@article{jaderberg14synthetic,
 author = {M. Jaderberg and K. Simonyan and A. Vedaldi and A. Zisserman},
  journal      = {CoRR},
  volume       = {abs/1406.2227},
  year         = {2014},
 title = {Synthetic Data and Artificial Neural Networks for Natural Scene Text Recognition},
}

@article{Jader2015Reading,
  author = {\vspace{0mm}M. Jaderberg and K. Simonyan and A. Vedaldi and A. Zisserman},
  title = {Reading Text in the Wild with Convolutional Neural Networks},
  journal      = {Int. J. Comput. Vis.},
  volume       = {116},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {1--20},
  year = {2015}
}

@inproceedings{radford2021learning,
  title={Learning transferable visual models from natural language supervision},
  author={Radford, Alec and Kim, Jong Wook and Hallacy, Chris and Ramesh, Aditya and Goh, Gabriel and Agarwal, Sandhini and Sastry, Girish and Askell, Amanda and Mishkin, Pamela and Clark, Jack and others},
  booktitle={ICML},
  pages={8748--8763},
  year={2021},
}

@article{awais2023foundational,
  title={Foundational models defining a new era in vision: A survey and outlook},
  author={Awais, Muhammad and Naseer, Muzammal and Khan, Salman and Anwer, Rao Muhammad and Cholakkal, Hisham and Shah, Mubarak and Yang, Ming-Hsuan and Khan, Fahad Shahbaz},
  journal   = {CoRR},
  volume    = {abs/2307.13721},
  eprinttype = {arXiv},
    year={2023}
}

@inproceedings{Synthetic,
author = {Gupta, A. and Vedaldi, A. and Zisserman, A.},
year = {2016},
pages = {2315-2324},
title = {Synthetic Data for Text Localisation in Natural Images},
booktitle={CVPR},
}
@article{Risnumawan2014cute,
author = {Anhar, R. and Palaiahnakote, S. and Chan, C. S. and Tan, C. L.},
year = {2014},
title = {A robust arbitrary text detection system for natural scene images},
  volume={41},
  number={18},
journal = {Expert Syst. Appl.},
pages = {8027–8048}
}

@inproceedings{Fedor2018Rosetta,
author = {Borisyuk, F. and Gordo, A. and Sivakumar, V.},
title = {Rosetta: Large Scale System for Text Detection and Recognition in Images},
year = {2018},
booktitle = {ACM SIGKDD},
pages = {71–79}
}

@article{atienza2021vitstr,  author={Atienza, R.},
 title={Vision Transformer for Fast and Efficient Scene Text Recognition}, 
  journal   = {CoRR},
  volume    = {abs/2105.08582},
  eprinttype = {arXiv},
    year={2021}}


@InProceedings{Wang_2021_visionlan,
    author    = {Wang, Y. and Xie, H. and Fang, S. and Wang, J. and Zhu, S. and Zhang, Y.},
    title     = {{From Two to One}: A New Scene Text Recognizer With Visual Language Modeling Network},
    booktitle = {ICCV},
    year      = {2021},
    pages     = {14194-14203}
}

@inproceedings{Qiao2020SEEDSE,
  title={{SEED}: Semantics Enhanced Encoder-Decoder Framework for Scene Text Recognition},
  author={Z. Qiao and Y. Zhou and D. Yang and Y. Zhou and W. Wang},
  booktitle={CVPR},
  year={2020},
  pages={13525-13534}
}
@inproceedings{Baek2019WhatIW,
  title={What Is Wrong With Scene Text Recognition Model Comparisons? Dataset and Model Analysis},
  author={Baek, J. and Kim, G. and Lee, J. and Park, S. and Han, D. and Yun, S. and Oh, S. J. and Lee, H.},
  booktitle={ICCV},
  year={2019},
  pages={4714-4722}
}

@InProceedings{Rang_2024_CVPR_clip4str,
    author    = {Rang, M. and Bi, Z. and Liu, C. and Wang, Y. and Han, K.},
    title     = {An Empirical Study of Scaling Law for Scene Text Recognition},
    booktitle = {CVPR},
    month     = {June},
    year      = {2024},
    pages     = {15619-15629}
}

@inproceedings{WooDHC0KX23_ConvNeXtv2,
  author       = {S. Woo and
                  S. Debnath and
                  R. Hu and
                  X. Chen and
                  Z. Liu and
                  I. S. Kweon and
                  S. Xie},
  title        = {ConvNeXt {V2:} Co-designing and Scaling ConvNets with Masked Autoencoders},
  booktitle    = {CVPR},
  pages        = {16133--16142},
  year         = {2023},
}

@inproceedings{Zhai2016Chpr,
  title={Chinese Image Text Recognition with BLSTM-CTC: A Segmentation-Free Method},
  author={Zhai, C. and Chen, Z. and Li, J. and Xu, B.},
  booktitle={CCPR},
  year={2016},
  pages={525-536}
}

@article{chen2021benchmarking,
      title={Benchmarking Chinese Text Recognition: Datasets, Baselines, and an Empirical Study}, 
      author={Chen, J. and Yu, H. and Ma, J. and Guan, M. and Xu, X. and Wang, X. and Qu, S. and Li,B. and Xue, X.},
      primaryClass={cs.CV},
  journal   = {CoRR},
  volume    = {abs/2112.15093},
  eprinttype = {arXiv},
    year={2021}
}

@inproceedings{du2024smtr,
      title={Out of Length Text Recognition with Sub-String Matching}, 
      author={Y. Du and Z. Chen and C. Jia and X. Gao and Y.-G. Jiang},
      year={2025},
    booktitle={AAAI},
    pages={2798-2806},
}

@article{chen2021text,
  title={Text recognition in the wild: A survey},
  author={Chen, X. and Jin, L. and Zhu, Y. and Luo, C. and Wang, T.},
  journal      = {{ACM} Comput. Surv.},
  volume       = {54},
  number       = {2},
  pages        = {42:1--42:35},
  year         = {2022},
}

@inproceedings{zheng2023tps++,
  title={{TPS++}: Attention-Enhanced Thin-Plate Spline for Scene Text Recognition},
  author={Zheng, T. and Chen, Z. and Bai, J. and Xie, H. and Jiang, Y.-G.},
  booktitle={IJCAI},
  pages={1777--1785},
  year={2023}
}

@inproceedings{jiang2023revisiting,
      title={Revisiting Scene Text Recognition: A Data Perspective}, 
      author={Q. Jiang and J. Wang and D. Peng and C. Liu and L. Jin},
      booktitle={ICCV},
pages={20486-20497},
      year={2023},
}

@inproceedings{singh2021textocr,
  title={{TextOCR}: Towards large-scale end-to-end reasoning for arbitrary-shaped scene text},
  author={Singh, A. and Pang, G. and Toh, M. and Huang, J. and Galuba, W. and Hassner, T.},
  booktitle={CVPR},
  pages={8802--8812},
  year={2021}
}

@inproceedings{chng2019icdar2019art,
  title={{ICDAR2019} robust reading challenge on arbitrary-shaped text-rrc-art},
  author={Chng, C. and Liu, Y. and Sun, Y. and Ng, C. and Luo, C. and N. and Fang, C. and Zhang, S. and Han, J. and Ding, E. and others},
  booktitle={ICDAR},
  pages={1571--1576},
  year={2019}
}

@inproceedings{sun2019icdarlsvt,
  title={{ICDAR} 2019 competition on large-scale street view text with partial labeling-RRC-LSVT},
  author={Sun, Y. and Ni, Z. and Chng, C. and Liu, Y. and Luo, C. and Ng, C. and Han, J. and Ding, E. and Liu, J. and Karatzas, D. and others},
  booktitle={ICDAR},
  pages={1557--1562},
  year={2019}
}

@article{wu2024building,
  title={Building an Open-Vocabulary Video CLIP Model With Better Architectures, Optimization and Data},
  author={Wu, Zuxuan and Weng, Zejia and Peng, Wujian and Yang, Xitong and Li, Ang and Davis, Larry S and Jiang, Yu-Gang},
  journal={IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell.},
  year={2024}
}

@inproceedings{zheng2023mrn,
  title={MRN: Multiplexed routing network for incremental multilingual text recognition},
  author={Zheng, T. and Chen, Z. and Huang, B. and Zhang, W. and Jiang, Y.-G.},
  booktitle={ICCV},
  pages={18644--18653},
  year={2023}
}

@inproceedings{yang2022review,
  title={A review of natural scene text detection methods},
  author={Yang, Lingqian and Ergu, Daji and Cai, Ying and Liu, Fangyao and Ma, Bo},
  booktitle={ITQM},
  pages={1458--1465},
  year={2022},
}

@article{yu2024turning,
  title={Turning a clip model into a scene text spotter},
  author={Yu, Wenwen and Liu, Yuliang and Zhu, Xingkui and Cao, Haoyu and Sun, Xing and Bai, Xiang},
  journal={IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell.},
  year={2024},
  publisher={IEEE}
}


@inproceedings{krylov2021openintelocr,
  title={Open images v5 text annotation and yet another mask text spotter},
  author={Krylov, I. and Nosov, S. and Sovrasov, V.},
  booktitle={Asian Conference on Machine Learning},
  pages={379--389},
  year={2021},
  organization={PMLR}
}

@article{yuliang2017detectingctw1500,
  title={Detecting curve text in the wild: New dataset and new solution},
  author={Y. Liu and L. Jin and S. Zhang and S. Zhang},
  journal   = {CoRR},
  volume    = {abs/1712.02170},
  eprinttype = {arXiv},
    year={2017}
}

@inproceedings{nagy2012neocr,
  title={{NEOCR}: A configurable dataset for natural image text recognition},
  author={Nagy, R. and Dicker, A. and Meyer-Wegener, K.},
  booktitle={Camera-Based Document Analysis and Recognition},
  pages={150--163},
  year={2012},
}

@article{jung2011touchkaist,
  title={{Touch TT}: Scene text extractor using touchscreen interface},
  author={Jung, J. and Lee, S. and Cho, M. and Kim, J.},
  journal={ETRI},
  pages={78--88},
  year={2011},
}


@inproceedings{zhang2019icdarrects,
  title={{ICDAR} 2019 robust reading challenge on reading chinese text on signboard},
  author={Zhang, R. and Zhou, Y. and Jiang, Q. and Song, Q. and Li, N. and Zhou, K. and Wang, L. and Wang, D. and Liao, M. and Yang, M. and others},
  booktitle={ICDAR},
  pages={1577--1581},
  year={2019}
}

@article{veit2016cocotext,
  title={Coco-text: Dataset and benchmark for text detection and recognition in natural images},
  author={Veit, A. and Matera, T. and Neumann, L. and Matas, J. and Belongie, S.},
  journal   = {CoRR},
  volume    = {abs/1601.07140},
  eprinttype = {arXiv},
    year={2016}
}

@inproceedings{zhang2017ubertext,
  title={Uber-text: A large-scale dataset for optical character recognition from street-level imagery},
  author={Zhang, Y. and Gueguen, L. and Zharkov, I. and Zhang, P. and Seifert, K. and Kadlec, B.n},
  booktitle={Scene Understanding Workshop-CVPR},
  pages={5},
  year={2017}
}

@inproceedings{he2018icpr2018mtwi,
  title={{ICPR2018} contest on robust reading for multi-type web images},
  author={He, M. and Liu, Y. and Yang, Z. and Zhang, S. and Luo, C. and Gao, F. and Zheng, Q. and Wang, Y. and Zhang, X. and Jin, L.},
  booktitle={ICPR},
  pages={7--12},
  year={2018}
}

@inproceedings{mathew2017benchmarkingiiitilst,
  title={Benchmarking scene text recognition in Devanagari, Telugu and Malayalam},
  author={Mathew, M. and Jain, M. and Jawahar, C.},
  booktitle={ICDAR},
  volume={7},
  pages={42--46},
  year={2017}
}


@inproceedings{nayef2019icdar2019mlt19,
  title={{ICDAR2019} robust reading challenge on multi-lingual scene text detection and recognition—RRC-MLT-2019},
  author={Nayef, N. and Patel, Y. and Busta, M. and Chowdhury, P. and Karatzas, D. and Khlif, W. and Matas, J. and Pal, U. and Burie, J. and Liu, C. and others},
  booktitle={ICDAR)},
  pages={1582--1587},
  year={2019}
}

@inproceedings{long2022towardshiertext,
  title={Towards end-to-end unified scene text detection and layout analysis},
  author={Long, S. and Qin, S. and Panteleev, D. and Bissacco, A. and Fujii, Y. and Raptis, M.},
  booktitle={CVPR},
  pages={1049--1059},
  year={2022}
}

@article{arxiv2019_2dctc,
  author       = {Z. Wan and
                  F. Xie and
                  Y. Liu and
                  X. Bai and
                  C. Yao},
  title        = {2D-CTC for Scene Text Recognition},
  journal      = {CoRR},
  volume       = {abs/1907.09705},
  year         = {2019},
  eprinttype    = {arXiv},
}

@inproceedings{Yang_2022_acmmm_dig,
author = {Yang, M. and Liao, M. and Lu, P. and Wang, J. and Zhu, S. and Luo, H. and Tian, Q. and Bai, X.},
title = {{Reading and Writing}: Discriminative and Generative Modeling for Self-Supervised Text Recognition},
year = {2022},
booktitle = {ACM MM},
pages = {4214-4223},
}

@article{du2023cppd,
      title={Context Perception Parallel Decoder for Scene Text Recognition}, 
      author={Y. Du and Z. Chen and C. Jia and X. Yin and C. Li and Y. Du and Y.-G. Jiang},
      year={2025},
doi={10.1109/TPAMI.2025.3545453},
  journal   = {IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell.},
  volume       = {47},
  number       = {6},
  pages        = {4668--4683},
}

@inproceedings{shi2017icdar2017rctw,
  title={{ICDAR2017} competition on reading chinese text in the wild (rctw-17)},
  author={Shi, B. and Yao, C. and Liao, M. and Yang, M and Xu, P and Cui, L and Belongie, S. and Lu, S. and Bai, X.},
  booktitle={ICDAR},
  pages={1429--1434},
  year={2017}
}

@inproceedings{zhong_2024_acmmm_vlreader,
author = {Zhong, H. and Yang, Z. and Li, Z. and Wang, P. and Tang, J. and Cheng, W. and Yao, C.},
title = {{VL-Reader}: Vision and Language Reconstructor is an Effective Scene Text Recognizer},
year = {2024},
booktitle = {ACM MM},
pages = {4207-4216},
}

@InProceedings{Zhao_2024_CVPR_E2STR,
    author    = {Zhao, Z. and Tang, J. and Lin, C. and Wu, B. and Huang, C. and Liu, H. and Tan, X. and Zhang, Z. and Xie, Y.},
    title     = {Multi-modal In-Context Learning Makes an Ego-evolving Scene Text Recognizer},
    booktitle = {CVPR},
    year      = {2024},
    pages     = {15567-15576}
}

@ARTICLE{zhao_2025_tip_clip4str,
  author={Zhao, S. and Quan, R. and Zhu, L. and Yang, Y.},
  journal={IEEE Trans. Image Process.}, 
  title={{CLIP4STR}: A Simple Baseline for Scene Text Recognition With Pre-Trained Vision-Language Model}, 
  year={2024},
  volume={33},
  pages={6893-6904}}

@inproceedings{zhao_2024_acmmm_dptr,
author = {Zhao, S. and Du, Y. and Chen, Z. and Jiang, Y.-G.},
title = {Decoder Pre-Training with only Text for Scene Text Recognition},
year = {2024},
isbn = {9798400706868},
booktitle = {ACM MM},
pages = {5191-5200},
}

@inproceedings{HeCXLDG22_mae,
  author       = {K. He and
                  X. Chen and
                  S. Xie and
                  Y. Li and
                  P. Doll{\'{a}}r and
                  R. B. Girshick},
  title        = {Masked Autoencoders Are Scalable Vision Learners},
  booktitle    = {CVPR},
  pages        = {15979--15988},
  year         = {2022}
}

@inproceedings{Bao0PW22_beit,
  author       = {H. Bao and
                  L. Dong and
                  S. Piao and
                  F. Wei},
  title        = {{BEiT}: {BERT} Pre-Training of Image Transformers},
  booktitle    = {ICLR},
  year         = {2022}
}