title: Презентация на тему: The birth of the «Seventh art.»

text:
THE BIRTH         OF THE «SEVENTH ART»
       One of the earliest motion-picture machines was Kinetoscope invented by Thomas A. Edison and W. Dickson. It was a cabinet showing unenlarged black-and-white films running about .90 seconds. An individual watched through a peephole as the film moved on spools. Kinetoscope parlours opened in several cities. However, they were soon replaced by projection machines that threw greatly enlarged pictures on a screen. These new machines allowed many people to watch one film at the same time.
       Pioneers of the Russian cinema are Protazanov, Gardin, Bauer, and later Eisenstein, Pudovkin, Dovzhenko. The first films in the West were mainly melodramas or comedies. In Russia, they were very often historical films or screen versions of the best novels.
IS IT ART?
   The cinema was the perfect popular entertainment. It was not expensive and,
   at first, the audience consisted mainly of workers. The rich and intellectual classes ignored it. They didn't think it was art. For example, the London Times wrote about one of the Lumiere brothers' first shows in 1896 and didn't mention the cinema again until 1904!
FILMS BEGIN TO TELL STORIES
Gradually films became longer and started to tell stories. Edwin S. Porter was one of the first directors who made such a film in 1903. It was The Great Train Robbery, the first Western in the history of the cinema. It told a primitive but dramatic story about bandits holding up a train. Gilbert M. Anderson (Bronco Billy) played in this film, as he said, 'everything but the camera'. He rode a horse. He was a passenger on the train who was killed and he was also the bandit who shot him. This 11-minute film became a sensational hit. Porter's film and the storytelling films that followed made the cinema still more popular. In the United States, 'nickelodeons' began to appear.
Nickelodeons' were cinemas where people paid a nickel (5 cents) to see several short films. It was much cheaper than other entertainments and everybody could afford it.
As soon as the films learned to tell stories, they began to film the classics.
Silent films had orchestras, organists or pianists. Later, printed titles were invented. The titles gave dialogue, descriptions of action, or commentary.
The  Western was the only type of early film which was unique to the cinema. People knew comedies, romances, police stories and melodramas from the theatre. But the Western was new, and especially popular with children.
SPECIAL EFFECTS
Film-makers soon learned how to use special effects. The first known special effect was created in 1895 by Alfred Clark in The Execution of Mary, Queen of Scots. It was a simple trick: the camera was stopped and the actress replaced with a doll.
In Europe, special effects were developed by a French film-maker Georges Melies. A professional magician by trade, Melies made a lot of interesting experiments.
Between 1896 and 1913 he produced, directed and acted in more than 500 films! Many modern special effects can be traced to the work of this talented man. Unfortunately, most of these films are lost.
  With special effects films become more exciting, and sometimes more frightening.
   When directors make their films, they can use many special effects. For example, in the film Who Framed Roger Rabbit cartoon characters play with live actors.
The world capital of filmed entertainment Los Angeles has been a lot of things over the past 100 years. First, it was a little city with orange forest and great weather. But, one day in 1908 a group
   of people from Chicago came to Los Angeles to shoot a film. Since that day a lot of directors, producers, actors and thousands of other workers have been coming to Los Angeles.   In   1911   the  first  studio appeared  in  Hollywood  (a  part of Los Angeles).
By the 1920s, 80 percent of world films were produced in Hollywood.
    Making films is expensive. On the average, it costs 36 million dollars to produce a film. Some of this goes to pay the actors, and large sums can be spent on special effects. Marketing the film to the public may cost another 17 million dollars...
As the industry developed, it created a new phenomenon: the international star. World travel was still slow and difficult in those days, but millions of
    people in different countries could see the same actors and actresses at the cinema. Their faces, and later their voices, were familiar to people in the countries they never visited.
   It was an entirely new experience to see a 'star', someone to identify with and love from a distance. All over the world, from Paris to Tokyo, from London to New York, millions of people stood in long queues to see their favourite stars.
It was an entirely new experience to see a 'star', someone to identify with and love from a distance. All over the world, from Paris to Tokyo, from London to New York, millions of people stood in long queues to see their favourite stars.A famous star could make any film a certain success. So the studios went to great lengths to make their actors into stars. The publicity department gave them an image, and often a name. They dictated the clothes the stars wore, where they lived, what parties they went to...
    The Soviet flag in Sergei Eisenstein's «Battleship Potemkin» was tinted red.
    The introduction of colour was less revolutionary than the introduction of sound. The silent film soon disappeared, but the black-and-white films are made even today.
    By 1916, Charlie Chaplin had what was probably the best-known face in the world, the public transformed him from a. star into a mythic figure. Cartoons, poems and comic strips under the Chaplin name appeared in newspapers. Chaplin dolls, toys and boots were manufactured. This little man made the whole world laugh with his films. Like many silent film stars, he didn't succeed in 'talkies'.
    Mary Pickford was one of the early stars of silent cinema. She was also the first female millionaire. "I can't afford to work for only 10,000 dollars a week," she used to say. Thousands of young girls went to Hollywood hoping to become rich and famous like her.
    any other advertisement in the history of the cinema. 'If you wake up in the morning feeling rotten, If you quarrel with your wife, If the taxes are due, If your kid has the measles, If you lose your job and if the whole world seems black, Remember there is always this consolation: GARBO TALKS!' wrote a Hollywood comedian and the public happily repeated these lines.
Marilyn Monroe was a perfect example of a Hollywood studio star. Her great beauty made her a world-famous sex symbol. But in spite of her success in films, Monroe had a tragic life. She died at the age of 36 from an overdose of sleeping pills. Since her death she has become one of the most written-about film stars in history.
      The Hollywood gave for the world such talented people as Steven Spielberg, Alfred Hitchcock, Woody Allen, Walt Disney, and many others.
Today, Hollywood is not what it was. Many studios have moved to other places. The film stars have also moved to areas like Beverly Hills and Malibu. But visitors to Hollywood today can go to the famous Chinese Theatre and see the footprints and autographs of famous film stars. They can go down the Walk of Fame and see the golden stars on the pavement...
ART OR RELIGION?
   The popularity of the cinema led to the first attacks against it. Church leaders condemned the new form. They thought that the cinema would steal souls and lead people away from religion. Indeed, early cinemas looked like temples, and people worshipped their favourite film stars.
TALKIES
   The era of the talking film began in 1927 with the enormous success of Warner Brothers' The Jazz Singer. The film mostly told its story with titles, but it had three songs and a short dialogue. There were long queues in front of the Warner Theatre in New York... The silent film was dead within a year.
    The first 100% sound film, Lights of New York, appeared in 1928.
    The first colour films were made in the 1930s. Before that films were usually tinted.
According to Derek Malcolm of The Guardian, "Cinema has provided as many great artists over the last 100 years as literature, the theatre, and any of the other arts."
    The most important aspect of the cinema was that, for the price of a ticket, people could dream for a few hours. The little boy who went to a Saturday matinee in Manchester or Marseilles could imagine he was a courageous cowboy. The mother in Birmingham or Berlin could imagine she was Scarlett O'Hara in the arms of Rhett Butler. Today, no one disputes cinema's place as the 'seventh art'.
ACTORS
FILM DIRECTORSMatch the first names with the surnames of famous directors.
a. western                          1. A film with lots of music and dance.
b. science fiction                              2. A film in which unnatural and     frightening things happen, such as dead
people coming to life, people turning into
animals, etc.
c. Thriller                           3. An action-packed film about cowboys,   horses and gunfights.
d. Comedy                           4. A film about space travel or life in an imaginary future.
e. horror                            5. A film made by photographing a set of                     drawings.
f. cartoon                    6. A suspense film full of violence and crime.
g. musical                    7. An amusing film with a happy ending.
FILMSMatch the picture with the film.
MOVIE TALK
1.	You tell the actors whatto do: you are the
a.	director
b.	producer
c.	cameraman

2.	Your uncle is financingthe film. What is hecalled?
a.	the director
b.	the producer
c.	the bank manager
The twentieth century may be called
the century of film making.
Cinema and TV films have become an
important part of our lives.
But not everyone knows when and
how cinematography appeared.
Hollywood
THE BIRTH         OF THE «SEVENTH ART»
       One of the earliest motion-picture machines was Kinetoscope invented by Thomas A. Edison and W. Dickson. It was a cabinet showing unenlarged black-and-white films running about 90 seconds. An individual watched through a peephole as the film moved on spools. Kinetoscope parlours opened in several cities. However, they were soon replaced by projection machines that threw greatly enlarged pictures on a screen. These new machines allowed many people to watch one film at the same time.
       Pioneers of the Russian cinema are Protazanov, Gardin, Bauer, and later Eisenstein, Pudovkin, Dovzhenko. The first films in the West were mainly melodramas or comedies. In Russia, they were very often historical films or screen versions of the best novels.
IS IT ART?
   The cinema was the perfect popular entertainment. It was not expensive and,
   at first, the audience consisted mainly of workers. The rich and intellectual classes ignored it. They didn't think it was art. For example, the London Times wrote about one of the Lumiere brothers' first shows in 1896 and didn't mention the cinema again until 1904!
FILMS BEGIN TO TELL STORIES
Gradually films became longer and started to tell stories. Edwin S. Porter was one of the first directors who made such a film in 1903. It was The Great Train Robbery, the first Western in the history of the cinema. It told a primitive but dramatic story about bandits holding up a train. Gilbert M. Anderson (Bronco Billy) played in this film, as he said, 'everything but the camera'. He rode a horse. He was a passenger on the train who was killed and he was also the bandit who shot him. This 11-minute film became a sensational hit. Porter's film and the storytelling films that followed made the cinema still more popular. In the United States, 'nickelodeons' began to appear.
Nickelodeons' were cinemas where people paid a nickel (5 cents) to see several short films. It was much cheaper than other entertainments and everybody could afford it.
As soon as the films learned to tell stories, they began to film the classics.
Silent films had orchestras, organists or pianists. Later, printed titles were invented. The titles gave dialogue, descriptions of action, or commentary.
The  Western was the only type of early film which was unique to the cinema. People knew comedies, romances, police stories and melodramas from the theatre. But the Western was new, and especially popular with children.
SPECIAL EFFECTS
Film-makers soon learned how to use special effects. The first known special effect was created in 1895 by Alfred Clark in The Execution of Mary, Queen of Scots. It was a simple trick: the camera was stopped and the actress replaced with a doll.
In Europe, special effects were developed by a French film-maker Georges Melies. A professional magician by trade, Melies made a lot of interesting experiments.
Between 1896 and 1913 he produced, directed and acted in more than 500 films! Many modern special effects can be traced to the work of this talented man. Unfortunately, most of these films are lost.
  With special effects films become more exciting, and sometimes more frightening.
   When directors make their films, they can use many special effects. For example, in the film Who Framed Roger Rabbit cartoon characters play with live actors.
The world capital of filmed entertainment Los Angeles has been a lot of things over the past 100 years. First, it was a little city with orange forest and great weather. But, one day in 1908 a group
   of people from Chicago came to Los Angeles to shoot a film. Since that day a lot of directors, producers, actors and thousands of other workers have been coming to Los Angeles.   In   1911   the  first  studio appeared  in  Hollywood  (a  part of Los Angeles).
By the 1920s, 80 percent of world films were produced in Hollywood.
    Making films is expensive. On the average, it costs 36 million dollars to produce a film. Some of this goes to pay the actors, and large sums can be spent on special effects. Marketing the film to the public may cost another 17 million dollars...
As the industry developed, it created a new phenomenon: the international star. World travel was still slow and difficult in those days, but millions of
   people in different countries could see the same actors and actresses at the cinema. Their faces, and later their voices, were familiar to people in the countries they never visited.

It was an entirely new experience to see a 'star', someone to identify with and love from a distance. All over the world, from Paris to Tokyo, from London to New York, millions of people stood in long queues to see their favourite stars.A famous star could make any film a certain success. So the studios went to great lengths to make their actors into stars. The publicity department gave them an image, and often a name. They dictated the clothes the stars wore, where they lived, what parties they went to...
    The Soviet flag in Sergei Eisenstein's «Battleship Potemkin» was tinted red.
    The introduction of colour was less revolutionary than the introduction of sound. The silent film soon disappeared, but the black-and-white films are made even today.
    By 1916, Charlie Chaplin had what was probably the best-known face in the world, the public transformed him from a star into a mythic figure. Cartoons, poems and comic strips under the Chaplin name appeared in newspapers. Chaplin dolls, toys and boots were manufactured. This little man made the whole world laugh with his films. Like many silent film stars, he didn't succeed in 'talkies'.
    Mary Pickford was one of the early stars of silent cinema. She was also the first female millionaire.
"I can't afford to work for only 10,000 dollars a week," she used to say. Thousands of young girls went to Hollywood hoping to become rich and famous like her.
    any other advertisement in the history of the cinema. 'If you wake up in the morning feeling rotten, If you quarrel with your wife, If the taxes are due, If your kid has the measles, If you lose your job and if the whole world seems black, Remember there is always this consolation: GARBO TALKS!' wrote a Hollywood comedian and the public happily repeated these lines.
Marilyn Monroe was a perfect example of a Hollywood studio star. Her great beauty made her a world-famous sex symbol. But in spite of her success in films, Monroe had a tragic life. She died at the age of 36 from an overdose of sleeping pills. Since her death she has become one of the most written-about film stars in history.
      The Hollywood gave for the world such talented people as Steven Spielberg, Alfred Hitchcock, Woody Allen, Walt Disney, and many others.
Today, Hollywood is not what it was. Many studios have moved to other places. The film stars have also moved to areas like Beverly Hills and Malibu. But visitors to Hollywood today can go to the famous Chinese Theatre and see the footprints and autographs of famous film stars. They can go down the Walk of Fame and see the golden stars on the pavement...
ART OR RELIGION?
   The popularity of the cinema led to the first attacks against it. Church leaders condemned the new form. They thought that the cinema would steal souls and lead people away from religion. Indeed, early cinemas looked like temples, and people worshipped their favourite film stars.
TALKIES
   The era of the talking film began in 1927 with the enormous success of Warner Brothers' The Jazz Singer. The film mostly told its story with titles, but it had three songs and a short dialogue. There were long queues in front of the Warner Theatre in New York... The silent film was dead within a year.
    The first 100% sound film, Lights of New York, appeared in 1928.
    The first colour films were made in the 1930s. Before that films were usually tinted.
According to Derek Malcolm of The Guardian, "Cinema has provided as many great artists over the last 100 years as literature, the theatre, and any of the other arts."
    The most important aspect of the cinema was that, for the price of a ticket, people could dream for a few hours. The little boy who went to a Saturday matinee in Manchester or Marseilles could imagine he was a courageous cowboy. The mother in Birmingham or Berlin could imagine she was Scarlett O'Hara in the arms of Rhett Butler. Today, no one disputes cinema's place as the 'seventh art'.
ACTORS
FILM DIRECTORSMatch the first names with the surnames of famous directors.
 a. western                          1. A film with lots of music and dance.
b. science fiction                              2. A film in which unnatural and     frightening things happen, such as dead
people coming to life, people turning into
animals, etc.
c. Thriller                           3. An action-packed film about cowboys,   horses and gunfights.
d. Comedy                           4. A film about space travel or life in an        imaginary future.
e. horror                            5. A film made by photographing a set of                     drawings.
f. cartoon                    6. A suspense film full of violence and crime.
 g. musical                    7. An amusing film with a happy ending.
FILMSMatch the picture with the film.
MOVIE TALK
1.	You tell the actors whatto do: you are the
a.	director
b.	producer
c.	cameraman

2.	Your uncle is financingthe film. What is hecalled?
a.	the director
b.	the producer
c.	the bank manager
The twentieth century may be called
the century of film making.
Cinema and TV films have become an
important part of our lives.
But not everyone knows when and
how cinematography appeared.
Hollywood
Greta Garbo
THE BIRTH OF THE «SEVENTH ART.»
The project was made by the pupil
Of the 11-th grade
Malko Alina.
Teacher- Karuna Olga Yuryevna.
Garovka 2.
       One of the earliest motion-picture machines was Kinetoscope invented by Thomas A. Edison and W. Dickson. It was a cabinet showing unenlarged black-and-white films running about 90 seconds. An individual watched through a peephole as the film moved on spools. Kinetoscope parlours opened in several cities. However, they were soon replaced by projection machines that threw greatly enlarged pictures on a screen. These new machines allowed many people to watch one film at the same time.
       Pioneers of the Russian cinema are Protazanov, Gardin, Bauer, and later Eisenstein, Pudovkin, Dovzhenko. The first films in the West were mainly melodramas or comedies. In Russia, they were very often historical films or screen versions of the best novels.
IS IT ART?
   The cinema was the perfect popular entertainment. It was not expensive and,
   at first, the audience consisted mainly of workers. The rich and intellectual classes ignored it. They didn't think it was art. For example, the London Times wrote about one of the Lumiere brothers' first shows in 1896 and didn't mention the cinema again until 1904!
FILMS BEGIN TO TELL STORIES
Gradually films became longer and started to tell stories. Edwin S. Porter was one of the first directors who made such a film in 1903. It was The Great Train Robbery, the first Western in the history of the cinema. It told a primitive but dramatic story about bandits holding up a train. Gilbert M. Anderson (Bronco Billy) played in this film, as he said, 'everything but the camera'. He rode a horse. He was a passenger on the train who was killed and he was also the bandit who shot him. This 11-minute film became a sensational hit. Porter's film and the storytelling films that followed made the cinema still more popular. In the United States, 'nickelodeons' began to appear.
Nickelodeons' were cinemas where people paid a nickel (5 cents) to see several short films. It was much cheaper than other entertainments and everybody could afford it.
As soon as the films learned to tell stories, they began to film the classics.
Silent films had orchestras, organists or pianists. Later, printed titles were invented. The titles gave dialogue, descriptions of action, or commentary.
The  Western was the only type of early film which was unique to the cinema. People knew comedies, romances, police stories and melodramas from the theatre. But the Western was new, and especially popular with children.
SPECIAL EFFECTS
Film-makers soon learned how to use special effects. The first known special effect was created in 1895 by Alfred Clark in The Execution of Mary, Queen of Scots. It was a simple trick: the camera was stopped and the actress replaced with a doll.
In Europe, special effects were developed by a French film-maker Georges Melies. A professional magician by trade, Melies made a lot of interesting experiments.
Between 1896 and 1913 he produced, directed and acted in more than 500 films! Many modern special effects can be traced to the work of this talented man. Unfortunately, most of these films are lost.
  With special effects films become more exciting, and sometimes more frightening.
   When directors make their films, they can use many special effects. For example, in the film Who Framed Roger Rabbit cartoon characters play with live actors.
The world capital of filmed entertainment Los Angeles has been a lot of things over the past 100 years. First, it was a little city with orange forest and great weather. But, one day in 1908 a group
   of people from Chicago came to Los Angeles to shoot a film. Since that day a lot of directors, producers, actors and thousands of other workers have been coming to Los Angeles.   In   1911   the  first  studio appeared  in  Hollywood  (a  part of Los Angeles).
By the 1920s, 80 percent of world films were produced in Hollywood.
    Making films is expensive. On the average, it costs 36 million dollars to produce a film. Some of this goes to pay the actors, and large sums can be spent on special effects. Marketing the film to the public may cost another 17 million dollars...
As the industry developed, it created a new phenomenon: the international star. World travel was still slow and difficult in those days, but millions of
   people in different countries could see the same actors and actresses at the cinema. Their faces, and later their voices, were familiar to people in the countries they never visited.

It was an entirely new experience to see a 'star', someone to identify with and love from a distance. All over the world, from Paris to Tokyo, from London to New York, millions of people stood in long queues to see their favourite stars.A famous star could make any film a certain success. So the studios went to great lengths to make their actors into stars. The publicity department gave them an image, and often a name. They dictated the clothes the stars wore, where they lived, what parties they went to...
    The Soviet flag in Sergei Eisenstein's «Battleship Potemkin» was tinted red.
    The introduction of colour was less revolutionary than the introduction of sound. The silent film soon disappeared, but the black-and-white films are made even today.
    By 1916, Charlie Chaplin had what was probably the best-known face in the world, the public transformed him from a star into a mythic figure. Cartoons, poems and comic strips under the Chaplin name appeared in newspapers. Chaplin dolls, toys and boots were manufactured. This little man made the whole world laugh with his films. Like many silent film stars, he didn't succeed in 'talkies'.
    Mary Pickford was one of the early stars of silent cinema. She was also the first female millionaire.
"I can't afford to work for only 10,000 dollars a week," she used to say. Thousands of young girls went to Hollywood hoping to become rich and famous like her.
    any other advertisement in the history of the cinema. 'If you wake up in the morning feeling rotten, If you quarrel with your wife, If the taxes are due, If your kid has the measles, If you lose your job and if the whole world seems black, Remember there is always this consolation: GARBO TALKS!' wrote a Hollywood comedian and the public happily repeated these lines.
Marilyn Monroe was a perfect example of a Hollywood studio star. Her great beauty made her a world-famous sex symbol. But in spite of her success in films, Monroe had a tragic life. She died at the age of 36 from an overdose of sleeping pills. Since her death she has become one of the most written-about film stars in history.
      The Hollywood gave for the world such talented people as Steven Spielberg, Alfred Hitchcock, Woody Allen, Walt Disney, and many others.
Today, Hollywood is not what it was. Many studios have moved to other places. The film stars have also moved to areas like Beverly Hills and Malibu. But visitors to Hollywood today can go to the famous Chinese Theatre and see the footprints and autographs of famous film stars. They can go down the Walk of Fame and see the golden stars on the pavement...
ART OR RELIGION?
   The popularity of the cinema led to the first attacks against it. Church leaders condemned the new form. They thought that the cinema would steal souls and lead people away from religion. Indeed, early cinemas looked like temples, and people worshipped their favourite film stars.
TALKIES
   The era of the talking film began in 1927 with the enormous success of Warner Brothers' The Jazz Singer. The film mostly told its story with titles, but it had three songs and a short dialogue. There were long queues in front of the Warner Theatre in New York... The silent film was dead within a year.
    The first 100% sound film, Lights of New York, appeared in 1928.
    The first colour films were made in the 1930s. Before that films were usually tinted.
According to Derek Malcolm of The Guardian, "Cinema has provided as many great artists over the last 100 years as literature, the theatre, and any of the other arts."
    The most important aspect of the cinema was that, for the price of a ticket, people could dream for a few hours. The little boy who went to a Saturday matinee in Manchester or Marseilles could imagine he was a courageous cowboy. The mother in Birmingham or Berlin could imagine she was Scarlett O'Hara in the arms of Rhett Butler. Today, no one disputes cinema's place as the 'seventh art'.
ACTORS
FILM DIRECTORSMatch the first names with the surnames of famous directors.
 a. western                          1. A film with lots of music and dance.
b. science fiction                              2. A film in which unnatural and     frightening things happen, such as dead
people coming to life, people turning into
animals, etc.
c. Thriller                           3. An action-packed film about cowboys,   horses and gunfights.
d. Comedy                           4. A film about space travel or life in an        imaginary future.
e. horror                            5. A film made by photographing a set of                     drawings.
f. cartoon                    6. A suspense film full of violence and crime.
 g. musical                    7. An amusing film with a happy ending.
FILMSMatch the picture with the film.
MOVIE TALK
1.	You tell the actors whatto do: you are the
a.	director
b.	producer
c.	cameraman

2.	Your uncle is financingthe film. What is hecalled?
a.	the director
b.	the producer
c.	the bank manager
THE BIRTH OF THE «SEVENTH ART.»
The project was made by the pupil
Of the 11-th grade
Malko Alina.
Teacher- Karuna Olga Yuryevna.
Garovka 2.
       One of the earliest motion-picture machines was Kinetoscope invented by Thomas A. Edison and W. Dickson. It was a cabinet showing unenlarged black-and-white films running about 90 seconds. An individual watched through a peephole as the film moved on spools. Kinetoscope parlours opened in several cities. However, they were soon replaced by projection machines that threw greatly enlarged pictures on a screen. These new machines allowed many people to watch one film at the same time.
       Pioneers of the Russian cinema are Protazanov, Gardin, Bauer, and later Eisenstein, Pudovkin, Dovzhenko. The first films in the West were mainly melodramas or comedies. In Russia, they were very often historical films or screen versions of the best novels.
IS IT ART?
   The cinema was the perfect popular entertainment. It was not expensive and,
   at first, the audience consisted mainly of workers. The rich and intellectual classes ignored it. They didn't think it was art. For example, the London Times wrote about one of the Lumiere brothers' first shows in 1896 and didn't mention the cinema again until 1904!
FILMS BEGIN TO TELL STORIES
Gradually films became longer and started to tell stories. Edwin S. Porter was one of the first directors who made such a film in 1903. It was The Great Train Robbery, the first Western in the history of the cinema. It told a primitive but dramatic story about bandits holding up a train. Gilbert M. Anderson (Bronco Billy) played in this film, as he said, 'everything but the camera'. He rode a horse. He was a passenger on the train who was killed and he was also the bandit who shot him. This 11-minute film became a sensational hit. Porter's film and the storytelling films that followed made the cinema still more popular. In the United States, 'nickelodeons' began to appear.
Nickelodeons' were cinemas where people paid a nickel (5 cents) to see several short films. It was much cheaper than other entertainments and everybody could afford it.
As soon as the films learned to tell stories, they began to film the classics.
Silent films had orchestras, organists or pianists. Later, printed titles were invented. The titles gave dialogue, descriptions of action, or commentary.
The  Western was the only type of early film which was unique to the cinema. People knew comedies, romances, police stories and melodramas from the theatre. But the Western was new, and especially popular with children.
SPECIAL EFFECTS
Film-makers soon learned how to use special effects. The first known special effect was created in 1895 by Alfred Clark in The Execution of Mary, Queen of Scots. It was a simple trick: the camera was stopped and the actress replaced with a doll.
In Europe, special effects were developed by a French film-maker Georges Melies. A professional magician by trade, Melies made a lot of interesting experiments.
Between 1896 and 1913 he produced, directed and acted in more than 500 films! Many modern special effects can be traced to the work of this talented man. Unfortunately, most of these films are lost.
  With special effects films become more exciting, and sometimes more frightening.
   When directors make their films, they can use many special effects. For example, in the film Who Framed Roger Rabbit cartoon characters play with live actors.
The world capital of filmed entertainment Los Angeles has been a lot of things over the past 100 years. First, it was a little city with orange forest and great weather. But, one day in 1908 a group
   of people from Chicago came to Los Angeles to shoot a film. Since that day a lot of directors, producers, actors and thousands of other workers have been coming to Los Angeles.   In   1911   the  first  studio appeared  in  Hollywood  (a  part of Los Angeles).
By the 1920s, 80 percent of world films were produced in Hollywood.
    Making films is expensive. On the average, it costs 36 million dollars to produce a film. Some of this goes to pay the actors, and large sums can be spent on special effects. Marketing the film to the public may cost another 17 million dollars...
HOLLYWOOD.
As the industry developed, it created a new phenomenon: the international star. World travel was still slow and difficult in those days, but millions of
   people in different countries could see the same actors and actresses at the cinema. Their faces, and later their voices, were familiar to people in the countries they never visited.

It was an entirely new experience to see a 'star', someone to identify with and love from a distance. All over the world, from Paris to Tokyo, from London to New York, millions of people stood in long queues to see their favourite stars.A famous star could make any film a certain success. So the studios went to great lengths to make their actors into stars. The publicity department gave them an image, and often a name. They dictated the clothes the stars wore, where they lived, what parties they went to...
    The Soviet flag in Sergei Eisenstein's «Battleship Potemkin» was tinted red.
    The introduction of colour was less revolutionary than the introduction of sound. The silent film soon disappeared, but the black-and-white films are made even today.
    By 1916, Charlie Chaplin had what was probably the best-known face in the world, the public transformed him from a star into a mythic figure. Cartoons, poems and comic strips under the Chaplin name appeared in newspapers. Chaplin dolls, toys and boots were manufactured. This little man made the whole world laugh with his films. Like many silent film stars, he didn't succeed in 'talkies'.
    Mary Pickford was one of the early stars of silent cinema. She was also the first female millionaire.
"I can't afford to work for only 10,000 dollars a week," she used to say. Thousands of young girls went to Hollywood hoping to become rich and famous like her.
    any other advertisement in the history of the cinema. 'If you wake up in the morning feeling rotten, If you quarrel with your wife, If the taxes are due, If your kid has the measles, If you lose your job and if the whole world seems black, Remember there is always this consolation: GARBO TALKS!' wrote a Hollywood comedian and the public happily repeated these lines.
Marilyn Monroe was a perfect example of a Hollywood studio star. Her great beauty made her a world-famous sex symbol. But in spite of her success in films, Monroe had a tragic life. She died at the age of 36 from an overdose of sleeping pills. Since her death she has become one of the most written-about film stars in history.
      The Hollywood gave for the world such talented people as Steven Spielberg, Alfred Hitchcock, Woody Allen, Walt Disney, and many others.
Today, Hollywood is not what it was. Many studios have moved to other places. The film stars have also moved to areas like Beverly Hills and Malibu. But visitors to Hollywood today can go to the famous Chinese Theatre and see the footprints and autographs of famous film stars. They can go down the Walk of Fame and see the golden stars on the pavement...
ART OR RELIGION?
   The popularity of the cinema led to the first attacks against it. Church leaders condemned the new form. They thought that the cinema would steal souls and lead people away from religion. Indeed, early cinemas looked like temples, and people worshipped their favourite film stars.
TALKIES
   The era of the talking film began in 1927 with the enormous success of Warner Brothers' The Jazz Singer. The film mostly told its story with titles, but it had three songs and a short dialogue. There were long queues in front of the Warner Theatre in New York... The silent film was dead within a year.
    The first 100% sound film, Lights of New York, appeared in 1928.
    The first colour films were made in the 1930s. Before that films were usually tinted.
According to Derek Malcolm of The Guardian, "Cinema has provided as many great artists over the last 100 years as literature, the theatre, and any of the other arts."
    The most important aspect of the cinema was that, for the price of a ticket, people could dream for a few hours. The little boy who went to a Saturday matinee in Manchester or Marseilles could imagine he was a courageous cowboy. The mother in Birmingham or Berlin could imagine she was Scarlett O'Hara in the arms of Rhett Butler. Today, no one disputes cinema's place as the 'seventh art'.
ACTORS
FILM DIRECTORSMatch the first names with the surnames of famous directors.
 a. western                          1. A film with lots of music and dance.
b. science fiction                              2. A film in which unnatural and     frightening things happen, such as dead
people coming to life, people turning into
animals, etc.
c. Thriller                           3. An action-packed film about cowboys,   horses and gunfights.
d. Comedy                           4. A film about space travel or life in an        imaginary future.
e. horror                            5. A film made by photographing a set of                     drawings.
f. cartoon                    6. A suspense film full of violence and crime.
 g. musical                    7. An amusing film with a happy ending.
FILMSMatch the picture with the film.
MOVIE TALK
1.	You tell the actors whatto do: you are the
a.	director
b.	producer
c.	cameraman

2.	Your uncle is financingthe film. What is hecalled?
a.	the director
b.	the producer
c.	the bank manager
THE BIRTH OF THE «SEVENTH ART.»
The project was made by the pupil
Of the 11-th grade
Malko Alina.
Teacher- Karuna Olga Yuryevna.
Garovka 2.
       One of the earliest motion-picture machines was Kinetoscope invented by Thomas A. Edison and W. Dickson. It was a cabinet showing unenlarged black-and-white films running about 90 seconds. An individual watched through a peephole as the film moved on spools. Kinetoscope parlours opened in several cities. However, they were soon replaced by projection machines that threw greatly enlarged pictures on a screen. These new machines allowed many people to watch one film at the same time.
       Pioneers of the Russian cinema are Protazanov, Gardin, Bauer, and later Eisenstein, Pudovkin, Dovzhenko. The first films in the West were mainly melodramas or comedies. In Russia, they were very often historical films or screen versions of the best novels.
IS IT ART?
   The cinema was the perfect popular entertainment. It was not expensive and,
   at first, the audience consisted mainly of workers. The rich and intellectual classes ignored it. They didn't think it was art. For example, the London Times wrote about one of the Lumiere brothers' first shows in 1896 and didn't mention the cinema again until 1904!
FILMS BEGIN TO TELL STORIES
Gradually films became longer and started to tell stories. Edwin S. Porter was one of the first directors who made such a film in 1903. It was The Great Train Robbery, the first Western in the history of the cinema. It told a primitive but dramatic story about bandits holding up a train. Gilbert M. Anderson (Bronco Billy) played in this film, as he said, 'everything but the camera'. He rode a horse. He was a passenger on the train who was killed and he was also the bandit who shot him. This 11-minute film became a sensational hit. Porter's film and the storytelling films that followed made the cinema still more popular. In the United States, 'nickelodeons' began to appear.
Nickelodeons' were cinemas where people paid a nickel (5 cents) to see several short films. It was much cheaper than other entertainments and everybody could afford it.
As soon as the films learned to tell stories, they began to film the classics.
Silent films had orchestras, organists or pianists. Later, printed titles were invented. The titles gave dialogue, descriptions of action, or commentary.
The  Western was the only type of early film which was unique to the cinema. People knew comedies, romances, police stories and melodramas from the theatre. But the Western was new, and especially popular with children.
SPECIAL EFFECTS
Film-makers soon learned how to use special effects. The first known special effect was created in 1895 by Alfred Clark in The Execution of Mary, Queen of Scots. It was a simple trick: the camera was stopped and the actress replaced with a doll.
In Europe, special effects were developed by a French film-maker Georges Melies. A professional magician by trade, Melies made a lot of interesting experiments.
Between 1896 and 1913 he produced, directed and acted in more than 500 films! Many modern special effects can be traced to the work of this talented man. Unfortunately, most of these films are lost.
  With special effects films become more exciting, and sometimes more frightening.
   When directors make their films, they can use many special effects. For example, in the film Who Framed Roger Rabbit cartoon characters play with live actors.
The world capital of filmed entertainment Los Angeles has been a lot of things over the past 100 years. First, it was a little city with orange forest and great weather. But, one day in 1908 a group
   of people from Chicago came to Los Angeles to shoot a film. Since that day a lot of directors, producers, actors and thousands of other workers have been coming to Los Angeles.   In   1911   the  first  studio appeared  in  Hollywood  (a  part of Los Angeles).
By the 1920s, 80 percent of world films were produced in Hollywood.
    Making films is expensive. On the average, it costs 36 million dollars to produce a film. Some of this goes to pay the actors, and large sums can be spent on special effects. Marketing the film to the public may cost another 17 million dollars...
HOLLYWOOD.
As the industry developed, it created a new phenomenon: the international star. World travel was still slow and difficult in those days, but millions of
   people in different countries could see the same actors and actresses at the cinema. Their faces, and later their voices, were familiar to people in the countries they never visited.

It was an entirely new experience to see a 'star', someone to identify with and love from a distance. All over the world, from Paris to Tokyo, from London to New York, millions of people stood in long queues to see their favourite stars.A famous star could make any film a certain success. So the studios went to great lengths to make their actors into stars. The publicity department gave them an image, and often a name. They dictated the clothes the stars wore, where they lived, what parties they went to...
    The Soviet flag in Sergey Eisenstein's «Battleship Potemkin» was tinted red.
    The introduction of colour was less revolutionary than the introduction of sound. The silent film soon disappeared, but the black-and-white films are made even today.
    By 1916, Charlie Chaplin had what was probably the best-known face in the world, the public transformed him from a star into a mythic figure. Cartoons, poems and comic strips under the Chaplin name appeared in newspapers. Chaplin dolls, toys and boots were manufactured. This little man made the whole world laugh with his films. Like many silent film stars, he didn't succeed in 'talkies'.
    Mary Pickford was one of the early stars of silent cinema. She was also the first female millionaire.
"I can't afford to work for only 10,000 dollars a week," she used to say. Thousands of young girls went to Hollywood hoping to become rich and famous like her.
    any other advertisement in the history of the cinema. 'If you wake up in the morning feeling rotten, If you quarrel with your wife, If the taxes are due, If your kid has the measles, If you lose your job and if the whole world seems black, Remember there is always this consolation: GARBO TALKS!' wrote a Hollywood comedian and the public happily repeated these lines.
Marilyn Monroe was a perfect example of a Hollywood studio star. Her great beauty made her a world-famous sex symbol. But in spite of her success in films, Monroe had a tragic life. She died at the age of 36 from an overdose of sleeping pills. Since her death she has become one of the most written-about film stars in history.
      The Hollywood gave for the world such talented people as Steven Spielberg, Alfred Hitchcock, Woody Allen, Walt Disney, and many others.
Today, Hollywood is not what it was. Many studios have moved to other places. The film stars have also moved to areas like Beverly Hills and Malibu. But visitors to Hollywood today can go to the famous Chinese Theatre and see the footprints and autographs of famous film stars. They can go down the Walk of Fame and see the golden stars on the pavement...
ART OR RELIGION?
   The popularity of the cinema led to the first attacks against it. Church leaders condemned the new form. They thought that the cinema would steal souls and lead people away from religion. Indeed, early cinemas looked like temples, and people worshipped their favourite film stars.
TALKIES
   The era of the talking film began in 1927 with the enormous success of Warner Brothers' The Jazz Singer. The film mostly told its story with titles, but it had three songs and a short dialogue. There were long queues in front of the Warner Theatre in New York... The silent film was dead within a year.
    The first 100% sound film, Lights of New York, appeared in 1928.
    The first colour films were made in the 1930s. Before that films were usually tinted.
According to Derek Malcolm of The Guardian, "Cinema has provided as many great artists over the last 100 years as literature, the theatre, and any of the other arts."
    The most important aspect of the cinema was that, for the price of a ticket, people could dream for a few hours. The little boy who went to a Saturday matinee in Manchester or Marseilles could imagine he was a courageous cowboy. The mother in Birmingham or Berlin could imagine she was Scarlett O'Hara in the arms of Rhett Butler. Today, no one disputes cinema's place as the 'seventh art'.
ACTORS
FILM DIRECTORSMatch the first names with the surnames of famous directors.
 a. western                          1. A film with lots of music and dance.
b. science fiction                              2. A film in which unnatural and     frightening things happen, such as dead
people coming to life, people turning into
animals, etc.
c. Thriller                           3. An action-packed film about cowboys,   horses and gunfights.
d. Comedy                           4. A film about space travel or life in an        imaginary future.
e. horror                            5. A film made by photographing a set of                     drawings.
f. cartoon                    6. A suspense film full of violence and crime.
 g. musical                    7. An amusing film with a happy ending.
FILMSMatch the picture with the film.
MOVIE TALK
1.	You tell the actors whatto do: you are the
a.	director
b.	producer
c.	cameraman

2.	Your uncle is financingthe film. What is hecalled?
a.	the director
b.	the producer
c.	the bank manager


title: Презентация на тему: T H E A T R E

text:
the word theater comes from the Greek word theatron, meaning "seeing place."
Theater, one of the oldest and most popular forms of entertainment, in which actors perform live for an audience on a stage or in an other space designated for the performance.
Scene from Marat/Sade
Modern Production of Oedipus Rex
The National Theater of Greece staged this production of the ancient Greek tragedy by Sophocles in 2000 at the Colosseum in Rome.
La Traviata at La Scala
Opera, drama in which the text is set to music and staged. The texts of operas are sung, with singing and stage action nearly always given instrumental accompaniment.
Tchaikovsky's The Nutcracker
Marionettes
Marionettes
Marionettes
Marionettes
Marionettes


title: Презентация на тему: The body

text:
Click to edit Master title style
Click to edit Master text styles
Second level
Third level
Fourth level
Fifth level
Copyright © 2006 MES-English.com
head
hair
face
nose
ear
eye
mouth
teeth
Hot chocolate
Tea
Coffee
Beer
Taco
Wine
Champagne
nose
neck
hand
finger
arm
Taco
elbow
knee
shoulder
back
foot
toe
leg
elbow


title: Презентация на тему: The Boston Tea Party

text:
The British policy was very strict. The Americans had to pay taxes of almost all important products such as sugar, coffee, tea and wine.
Patience of Americans came to an end in 1773. One day British ship', loaded with tea came into the Boston port. The Americans had the plan not to take this tea but to drop all of it into the water. To do this several Americans dressed as Indians went on board the ships secretly and acted according to their plan.
Since all the tea was thrown into the water, this event got the name
 The Boston Tea Party.
Of course, the British Government did not like it, so they closed the poll and sent soldiers to the American colony.
Soon after this, the war between Britain and the American colonic, started. It was the War for Independence of the American colonies.


text:
Petrova Darina
11 B
The British policy was very strict. The Americans had to pay taxes of almost all important products such as sugar, coffee, tea and wine.
Patience of Americans came to an end in 1773. One day British ship', loaded with tea came into the Boston port. The Americans had the plan not to take this tea but to drop all of it into the water. To do this several Americans dressed as Indians went on board the ships secretly and acted according to their plan.
Since all the tea was thrown into the water, this event got the name
 The Boston Tea Party.
Of course, the British Government did not like it, so they closed the poll and sent soldiers to the American colony.
Soon after this, the war between Britain and the American colonic, started. It was the War for Independence of the American colonies.


title: Презентация на тему: The Birds

text:
Living Things Around Us. The Birds.
Remember the new words!
a magpie
a pigeon
a sparrow
                                a swallow
a blackbird
                   an owl
      a (sea)gull
a cockerel                            a hen
a chicken
a goose (geese)
a swan
a nightingale
a duck
an eagle
an ostrich
a parrot
a woodpecker
an owl
(sea)gull
a pigeon
a swallow
a nightingale
an ostrich
an owl
a parrot
a woodpecker
a magpie
a crow
a swan

http://www.fotozveri.ru/ptpsi.html
 http://photographies.narod.ru/g_birds.html


title: Презентация на тему: The alphabet

text:
The alphabet
ABC
A
a
Apples here,
apples there,
Apples, apples
everywhere!
an   apple
B
b
a  ball
a  bear
I am the cat.
My name is Hat.
I am not fat.
I like to chat!
a  cat
D
d
I am the dog.
My name is Jack.
My coat is white.
My nose is black.
a  dog
a  bee
E
e
Little yellow bee, bee, bee!
How many flowers can you see?
F
f
a  fish
One, two, three,
and four, and five!
I have got
a fish alive!
G
g
a   g irl
H
h
a  house
Little mouse, little mouse,
Where is your house?
I am a poor mouse.
I have no house.
I
i
ice
Spring  is coming!
Warm and nice!
Ice is melting!
Poor ice!
J
j
Merry Jimmy Jinn
is jumping in his jeans.
jeans
Jinn
K
k
a  king
The King is strong.
The King is brave.
What is his name?
He is Nick Grey.
L
l
two lions
We would like a piece of cheese
M
m
Little mice, little mice!
Would you like a piece of ice?

Yes, please!
two mice
N
n
two nuts
How much is one plus one?
Two big nuts for little son.
a clock
O
o
a  pig
P
p
Q
q
Marry the Queen can dance and sing.
a   queen
R
r
three  roses
One, two, three! One, two, three!
Nice red roses you can see!
S
s
a  snake
Oh, Mary! Come and see!
A  big snake is in the tree.
T
t
a  table
Tricky
Where is Tricky?
Where is he?
He is under the table.
Oh, I see.
U
u
an  Umbrella
V
v
a  violin
Can you dance?
Can you sing?
I can play the violin.
W
w
Tim is slim. Tim is tall.
He can sit on the wall.
X
x
I see two funny foxes
with two small boxes.
two foxes
two boxes
Y
y
the sky
Fly! Fly! In the sky!
My nice and funny kite!
Z
z
a  zebra
We go, we go,
we go to the zoo!
We can see a tiger
and the zebra, too.


title: Презентация на тему: The Black Gem

text:
The Black Gem
Kate Fedorenko
My hotel is situated in the centre of London, not far from Parliament House…
Our hotel offers you a wide range of services in the world of beauty and health in a calm and relaxing   atmosphere.

It is a perfact place to escape from everyday worries and the hustle and to dive into the inque wellness-world.
You are in the historical heart of London…
You have at your disposal two kinds of rooms: single or double, soundproofed Rooms. There are telephone, air-conditioning, bathroom, newspaper stands, central heating, mini bar, Free Wi-Fi Internet Access Included, Television with Cable, breakfast in the room.
At the restaurant you can taste the French, Italian, Japanese kitchen. The best English cooks will prepare for you different dainty dishes. Also, your supper will be accompanied by live orchestra. After that you can go to the billiards room. Of course, there are Non-Smoking and Smoking Rooms. The main staircase is covered with blue carpet.
Very soon, the royal family will celebrate William`s wedding day. We were honored to receive guests from other countries. . We are carefully preparing for this important event.
Thank you for your attention!
I & my management wishes you a very pleasant stay!

Don`t forget  to reserve a room in advance.


title: Презентация на тему: The Bodies of Government in the United Kingdom

text:
The Bodies of Government in the United Kingdom
НФ МГЭИ, группа ЮСЗ-10
Завгородняя  Л. С.

Great Britain is a monarchy.  The  Queen is the head of state. But her power is not absolute, but constitutional.

Her  power is limited by Parliament.

But the power is hereditary, and not elective.

The bodies of government in the United Kingdom are those of the legislature, which consist of the Queen and Parliament and is the supreme authority of the country; those of the executive and those of the judiciary.

The executive bodies consist of:
   The Cabinet of ministers;

Government departments;

Local authorities;

Statutory  boards.

The highest judicial body in the English  judicial system is  the House of Lords.

The Prime Minister is usually the leader of the party that has a majority in the House of Commons.

Each new Prime Minister can make changes in the size of his Cabinet and may create new ministries or make other changes.

The Prime Minister holds Cabinet meetings at his (her) house at number 10 Downing Street, which is very near the Houses of Parliament in Westminster.

Thanks for attention.


title: Презентация на тему: The Big Three Names of the Renaissance

text:
The Big Three Names of the Renaissance in THE pictorial art
LATSKOVA LIZA 9B form
Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)
• Trained in Florence.
• Is best known as a painter, but did absolutely everything else as well.
• Studied human anatomy, via dissection (completely illegal, unless one was a physician), and used the knowledge of such to glorify man.
• Believed only in that which he could observe.
• Had a Duke (of Milan) as his first patron.
• Painted beautiful women, most of whom seemed to be enjoying delicious secrets.
• Disliked Michelangelo, but was somewhat of a mentor (albeit unseen) to Raphael.
• Worked in Rome from 1513 to 1516.
• Was commissioned by Pope Leo X.
A Bear Walking,1490Leonardo da Vinci (Italian, 1452–1519)
Leonardo da Vinci's abundant drawings and notebooks record his keen and tireless observation of all aspects of the natural world. This accurately rendered depiction of a bear walking was presumably drawn from life. (In one of his notebooks, the artist wrote of the presence of bears in the woods outside Milan.) It relates thematically to a small group of drawings of a bear's head and paws that Leonardo probably produced for an anatomical treatise.
Study of horse from Leonardo's journal

Head of a Woman in Profile to Lower Left (Italy, 1452–1519)

Head of a Man in Profile to LeftLeonardo da Vinci (Italy, 1452–1519)Pen and brown ink, over black chalk
In this profile of an old man with sharply aquiline nose, downslanted mouth, and knotted brow, Leonardo has brought the "ideal" head almost to the limits of the grotesque.
Grotesque Head: Man in Profile to RightCopy after Leonardo da Vinci (Italian, 1452–1519)Pen and brown ink, on beige paper
Annunciation (1475–1480) is thought to be Leonardo's earliest complete work.
The Baptism of Christ (1472–1475)
The Last Supper (1498)
Virgin of the Rocks, Louvre, demonstrates Leonardo's interest in nature.

Mona Lisa or La Gioconda (1503–1505)—Louvre, Paris, France
Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475-1564)
• Trained in Florence.
• Is best known as a painter and sculptor, but worked in architecture and wrote poetry as well.
• Studied human anatomy, via dissection (completely illegal, unless one was a physician), and used the knowledge of such to glorify God.
• Believed deeply and devoutly in God.
• Had a Medici (Lorenzo) as his first patron.
• Painted women who looked a lot like men with breasts slapped on.
• Intensely disliked Leonardo, but was somewhat of a reluctant mentor to Raphael.
• Worked in Rome 1496-1501, 1505, 1508-1516 and from 1534 until his death in 1564.
• Was commissioned by Popes Julius II, Leo X, Clement VII, Paul III Farnese, Clement VIII and Pius III.

The Drunkenness of Noah

The Deluge (detail)

The Creation of Adam (1510)

The First day of Creation
The Doni Tondo (1504–06)
The Madonna of the Steps (1490–92)
The Taddei Tondo (1502)
Madonna and Child (1504)
Raphael (1483-1520):
• Trained in Umbria, but studied in Florence (where he picked up his draftsmanship and compositional skills by studying Leonardo and Michelangelo's works).
• Is best known as a painter, but worked in architecture as well.
• Studied human anatomy only to the extent that his figures were proportionately correct.
• Believed in God, but didn't alienate the Humanists or Neo-Platonists.
• Had, as his first patrons, those who actually wanted either Leonardo or Michelangelo (whose time, respectively, was being monopolized by their patrons), but settled for Raphael.
• Painted beautiful, gentle, calm women in a courteous manner.
• Idolized Leonardo and managed to get along with Michelangelo (no mean feat, that).
• Worked in Rome from 1508 until his death in 1520.
• Was commissioned by Popes Julius II and Leo X.

Probable self-portrait drawing by Raphael in his teens

The Mond Crucifixion, 1502

The Coronation of the Virgin 1502

Saint Catherine of Alexandria, 1507, borrows from the pose of Leonardo's Leda
The Madonna of the Meadow 1506, using Leonardo's pyramidal composition for subjects of the Holy Family.


title: Презентация на тему: The best of all Possible Worlds

text:
The best of all Possible Worlds

The continent isGondwana. From it the splinter is the mini-continent on which there live lemurs and descendants of nice pirates broke away

Madagascar is unique large island at coast  of Africa and one of  the  largest islands of Earth

Certainly, local «tsars of the nature»  is lemurs. According to a local  belief , in these small animals  souls  of  the  died people  or  the eremites  who  have  voluntary  gone  to the  jungle move.

Madagascar is island  of life  treasures .  Thanks  to unique  conditions  on Madagascar  lived  and  the  types  which   nave  died  out  in all  other  parts  of  the  worlds  developed.

Madagascar  is  a  cradle of  the  unique wild nature

Many of  animals  can be met  only of Madagascar

Two seasons: roast and  rainy  summer   from November to April more cool  and  dry  winter  from May to  October.

On the  island  there are  134 reserved   zones  and  3 huge  national  parks

Antananarivo. Outwardly the city very much reminds the colorful children's   book with  pictures.

Madagascar  is  a  vanilla  most large exporter  in the world market

The solar island of  Madagascar  since the childhood  excited  our  imagination, attracting  the  secrets , beauty  and  inaccessibility. Today the Great island suits us the possibilities   for quiet life and interesting  rest.

On Madagascar there is all for   this purpose is friendly isladers with the most interesting archaic culture , an improbable variety of natural beauty

The end


title: Презентация на тему: The best of India

text:
Конкурс презентаций "Я мыслью улечу к брегам туманным Альбиона»
Работу выполнила
Бондарева Наталья Александровна
Учитель иностранных языков
МКОУ Петропавловская СОШ
            «Сообщество взаимопомощи учителей Pedsovet.su»

THE BEST OF INDIA
    The official name of India - is the Republic of India, a country in South Asia.
   India shares borders with Pakistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Myanmar. India has sea borders with Maldives, Sri Lanka, Indonesia.
The geographical position
Indie is a one of English-speaking countries.
Hindi, the most common language in India, the official language of the government in India . English, which is widely used in business and administration, has the status of "subsidiary official language" , it  plays an important role in education.
India is the seventh largest country by area(3 287 263 km²), the second largest by population(1.22 billion people  in 2010) and  the most largest  democratic country in the world .The  Capital of India  is  New Delhi.
India is a federal republic consisting of twenty-nine states, six union territories and the National Capital Territory of Delhi.

More than 900 million Indians profess Hinduism. Other religions are: Islam Christianity , Sikhism , Buddhism  and Jainism .
Religion
The national animal of India is a tiger . Tiger symbolizes power, strength, grace, vivacity, intelligence and endurance of the Indian nation. Since time immemorial, the Tigers were royal animals.
 The territory of India is home to more than half population of tigers in the world.
Symbols
In India, all animals are sacred, but cows take the main place. Hindus Cow  is equal to the status of the mother, because the mother cow has such qualities as humility, kindness, wisdom and serenity.
                           Sights
                  Taj Mahal
This huge mausoleum is located in Agra and built of white marble on the orders of Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his beloved wife.
Lotus Temple
Lotus Temple - the main Baha'i Temple in India and neighboring countries, built in 1986. Located in New Delhi - capital of India. The huge building of the white Pentelic marble in the form of blossoming lotus flower - one of the most popular tourist attractions of Delhi.
Harmandir Sahib
 He is known in the world as the Golden Temple.  In reality, the temple is covered with a real gold.
The temple of the goddess Meenakshi, the symbol of love between Shiva and Meenakshi . The temple has 14 towers, which reach height of 50 meters. The heart of the temple is  hall  with a thousand columns, the center of which is a pool of holy water.
Palace Lake Pichola in Udaipur

This palace was built in the middle of the lake in the 18th century as a royal summer palace. Today it  is a luxury 5-star hotel.
Ajanta Caves

Ajanta caves were carved in the rock in the second millennium BC. These caves were abandoned and forgotten until 1819.  You can see there  a lot of ancient frescoes, carved into the rock.
Do you want to try your chance ?
How well did you remember the information about India?
Let’s go!
Вопрос 1.
How much people live in India?
more than 1 billion
100 million
1 billion
Вопрос 2.
Taj Mahal is ....
 Church
mausoleum
Palace
Вопрос 3.
What animal is a symbol of India?

an elephant
a tiger
a chimp
Вопрос 4.
What are the main religions in India?
Hinduism
Buddhism
Islam
Christianity
Вопрос 5.
What country is it ?

India
Australia
Russia
     Congratulations!
  You are very attentive!
Thank you for your attention!
Источники информации
tonkosti.ru/Индия
indiada.ru/
https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Индия
lifeglobe.net/entry/2657
redigo.ru/geo/Asia/India/places/attractions


title: Презентация на тему: The black death

text:
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подзаголовок
Bubonic plague

This is a bacterial disease that is carried by fleas and infest rats, affects people for over 1000 years.
The Black Death was one of the most devastating pandemics in human history.
In 1346, the population of Europe, North Africa and the western part of the Middle East was about 100 million. Over the next few years a quarter of them died. They were victims of a new horrible disease that has spread in these areas and it killed most of those infected.
  The reason for such a gloomy picture was the bubonic plague. Then it was known as "the great plague" or "the great contagion".  Later it was called “Black Death“ . It keeps that name for the present  day.
It started in Europe in 1346, and lasted until 1353. Almost one of every three people in Europe got the disease and died.
Black Death - Disaster Strikes25 million people died in just under five years between 1347 and 1352. Estimated population of Europe from 1000 to 1352:

The disease struck and killed people
 with terrible speed.
 The Italian writer Boccaccio
 said its victims often

 "ate lunch with their friends
and dinner with their ancestors in paradise.“

The Black Death started in China or central Asia, before spreading west.
It is estimated to have killed 25 million people or 30% of the population of China.
The plague then travelled along the Silk Road
 with Mongol armies and trade caravans and reached the Crimea by 1346.
From there, it was probably carried by rat fleas living on the black rats that were regular passengers on trade ships.
 Spreading throughout the Mediterranean and Europe, the Black Death is estimated to have killed 30–60 percent of Europe's population.
People thought that the transmission of the disease from person to person can pass through physical contact or through clothes and bedding. In many cities and country sides have been established quarantine regulations. For example, the British government advised to lock sick in their homes or placed them in a special "plague houses“.
Isolation in homes was of course one of the worst ways to fight the plague. Plague appears when rats, fleas, and people are in close contact with each other. In finding the people locked up a chance to be bitten by fleas, which transmit plague, or infected through close contact with the other person even more increased.
Spread of plague among the members of one family in the Middle Ages could be very fast if the rats living in the house, was infected. The infected rat, marked with a red dot in the "Day 1", on the 5th day died from the disease. When a rat is dying, fleas leave it, bringing the plague to other rats in the house. By the 10th day all the rats died, and now the fleas move on people, infecting about 75% of them. By the 15th day about half of the people in the house will die of the plague, a quarter will recover, and the quarter will avoid infection.
Thanks to murdering cats by Christians rats and plague fleas had spread across Europe, that is why half of Europe died. Spontaneously, appeared a new and much needed in those times profession - rat catcher.

The power of these people on rats explained only as given by devil, and therefore the Church and the Inquisition made short work of ratcathers, contributing the further extinction of people from hunger and plague. People in the Middle Ages knew nothing about  bacilli, they just noticed that after the rats plague came to the city, so the rats were considered messengers of disaster and death.
Ratcather
Yersinia pestis
The causative agent of the plague is Yersinia pestis bacterium.

In the 14th century in Europe appeared one new profession - a plague doctor, whose duty was the treatment of patients with bubonic plague, or "Black Death", especially during epidemics. Feature of the plague doctor was a protective suit with the original "big-nosed" mask that looked like a bird's beak.

Because of its specific appearance, and also a mystical aura given to them, plague doctors had a significant impact on European culture, as expressed in the appearance of the famous Venetian masks.

Plaque doctor

All in all, the plague cut the world population from 450 million to between 350 and 375 million in the 14th century.

The plague lead to a series of religious, social and economic upheavals which had profound effects on the course of European history. It took 150 years for Europe's population to recover. The plague reoccurred occasionally in Europe until the 19th century.

But now there is no plague in the world,
 and I hope we will never see such as disease.

Thanks for watching!

THE END.


Презентация на тему: The British Royal Family


title: Презентация на тему: THE BRITISH MONARCHY AND A PARLIAMENTARY DEMOCRACY

text:
The United Kingdom has a three-tiered structure:
the monarch
the government
Parliament
   What functions do the representatives of power perform? Use the scheme to find the correct statement.

1.    A. The Queen votes on the bills.
       B. The Queen signs the bills

2.       A. The Queen has mostly representative functions.
       B. The Queen rules the country in fact.

3.       A. The government represents the legislative branch of power.
        B. The government represents the executive branch of power.

4.       A. The Cabinet is responsible for government policies.
        B. The Cabinet Ministers revise bills from Parliament.

5.       A. Parliament represents the legislative branch of power.
        B. Parliament represents the executive branch of power.

6          A. The House of Commons controls the government.
         B. The government controls the House of Commons.

7.       A. The House of Lords has the power to delay bills for one year.
        B. The House of Lords opposes the decisions of the House of Commons.

8.      A. The Cabinet coordinates the work of the government departments.
        B. The Cabinet makes laws.
   What functions do the representatives of power perform? Use the scheme to find the correct statement.

1.    A. The Queen votes on the bills.
       B. The Queen signs the bills

2.       A. The Queen has mostly representative functions.
       B. The Queen rules the country in fact.

3.       A. The government represents the legislative branch of power.
        B. The government represents the executive branch of power.

4.       A. The Cabinet is responsible for government policies.
        B. The Cabinet Ministers revise bills from Parliament.

5.       A. Parliament represents the legislative branch of power.
        B. Parliament represents the executive branch of power.

6          A. The House of Commons controls the government.
         B. The government controls the House of Commons.

7.       A. The House of Lords has the power to delay bills for one year.
        B. The House of Lords opposes the decisions of the House of Commons.

8.      A. The Cabinet coordinates the work of the government departments.
        B. The Cabinet makes laws.

Today the Queen is not only head of State, but also an important symbol of national unity. The royal title in Britain is: 'Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith'
The present sovereign is Queen Elizabeth II. She was born on 21 April, 1926; was married to Prince Philip, the Duke of Edinburgh, on 20 November, 1947; ascended the throne on 6 February 1952; and was crowned on 2 June, 1953.
Functions of the Queen.

 Opening and closing Parliament
 Approving the appointment of the Prime Minister
 Giving the Royal Assent to bills
 Giving honours such as peerages, knighthoods and medals
 Head of the Commonwealth
 Head of the Church of England
 Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces.

The Queen and the royal family continue to take part in many traditional ceremonies.
The proceedings of both Houses of Parliament are broadcast on television and radio.
The debating chamber of
  the House
of Commons

Match the words and their definitions.
Monarchy

Parliamentary monarchy

Absolute monarchy

To become a monarch

To restore a monarchy

Royalty

Royal
a form of government in which the head of state is a monarch
a monarch does what Parliament tells her (him)
the power of a monarch is complete, total without limits
to become a king or queen

to bring back a monarchy

members of royal families (either individually or collectively)
a member of a royal family relating to or suitable for a king or queen
1.    How many parts does the Palace of Westminster consist of?
c) three

2.	What are the main colours of the Houses of Parliament?
b) gold, green and red

3.	Who writes the Queen's Speech?
b) the Government

4.	Which are Britain's two main political parties?
c) Labour and Conservative

5.	Whose shoe should a Conservative touch?
b) Winston Churchill's

6.	Why do MPs sometimes sit on the steps?
a) There are more MPs than seats in the House of Commons,

7.	When can you see the Mace in the House of Commons?
c) When the House is debating.

8.	How old is Westminster Hall?
a) more than a thousand years old
11. http://www.bbc.co.uk/cult/ilove/royalty/gallery/1024/balcony_large.jpg
12. http://news.bbcimg.co.uk/media/images/48058000/jpg/_48058948_jex_720687_de27-1.jpg
13. http://s16.radikal.ru/i191/1001/03/52b2bd945b35.jpg
14. http://russian.news.cn/photo/2011-02/15/13732846_61n.jpg
15. http://www.solnechniedeti.ru/?aef=queen-elizabeth-ii-pictures-e3Qb5lxvyM8M56uEMR8k9bnZudDxVACmbMQUV46lVCElxyFQ83_x2IPb5z2ZRv4RZ8vss60I3BDUniYIwLz8STxwa06.jpg
16. http://img-fotki.yandex.ru/get/8/pom9494.0/0_285a_32b551ed_XL
The official ceremony the State Opening of Parliament
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Презентация на тему: The British Museum


title: Презентация на тему: The British Parliament

text:
The British Parliament
Find the Russian equivalents:
Answer the questions:
Who is the head of state in the UK?
Who is the head of the government in the UK?
What is the British Parliament called?
How many Houses does it consist of?
Which House represents the people of Britain?
How often do British people vote for MPs?
What are the members of the House of Commons called?
Elizabeth II
Use the scheme and find the correct statement:
1.
A. The Queen votes on the bills.
B. The Queen signs the bills.
2.
A. The Queen has mostly representative functions.
B. The Queen rules the country in fact.
3.
A. The government represents the legislative branch of power.
B. The government represents the executive branch of power.
4.
A. The Cabinet is responsible for government policies.
B. The Cabinet Ministers revise bills from Parliament.

Answers for reading:
A
B
C
D
E
F
3
6
1
2
5
7
5.
A. Parliament represents the legislative branch of power.
B. Parliament represents the executive branch of power.
6.
A. The House of Commons controls the government.
B. The government controls the House of Commons.
7.
A. The House of Lords has the power to delay bills for one year.
B. The House of Lords opposes the decisions of the House of Commons.
8.
A. The Cabinet coordinates the work of the government departments.
B. The Cabinet makes laws.