title: Презентация на тему: The Seven Wonders of the World

text:
The Seven Wonders of the World.
ART
MONA LISA
Spring
The Sistine Madonna
Sunflowers
The Ninth large wave
Bridge over a Pool of Water Lilies
The Seven Wonders of the World.
ART
MONA LISA
Spring
The Sistine Madonna
Sunflowers
The Ninth large wave
Bridge over a Pool of Water Lilies
The Seven Wonders of the World.
ART
MONA LISA
Spring
The Sistine Madonna
Sunflowers
The Ninth large wave
Bridge over a Pool of Water Lilies
The Seven Wonders of the World.
ART
MONA LISA
Spring
The Sistine Madonna
Sunflowers
The Ninth large wave
Bridge over a Pool of Water Lilies
The Seven Wonders of the World.
ART
MONA LISA
Spring
The Sistine Madonna
Sunflowers
The Ninth large wave
Bridge over a Pool of Water Lilies
The Seven Wonders of the World.
ART
MONA LISA
Spring
The Sistine Madonna
Sunflowers
The Ninth large wave
Bridge over a Pool of Water Lilies
The Seven Wonders of the World.
ART
MONA LISA
Spring
The Sistine Madonna
Sunflowers
The Ninth large wave
Bridge over a Pool of Water Lilies
The Seven Wonders of the World.
ART
MONA LISA
Spring
The Sistine Madonna
Sunflowers
The Ninth large wave
Bridge over a Pool of Water Lilies
The Seven Wonders of the World.
ART
MONA LISA
Spring
The Sistine Madonna
Sunflowers
The Ninth large wave
Bridge over a Pool of Water Lilies
The Seven Wonders of the World.
ART
MONA LISA
Spring
The Sistine Madonna
Sunflowers
The Ninth large wave
Bridge over a Pool of Water Lilies
The Seven Wonders of the World.
ART
MONA LISA
Spring
The Sistine Madonna
Sunflowers
The Ninth large wave
Bridge over a Pool of Water Lilies
The Seven Wonders of the World.
ART
MONA LISA
Spring
The Sistine Madonna
Sunflowers
The Ninth large wave
Bridge over a Pool of Water Lilies
The Seven Wonders of the World.
ART
MONA LISA
Spring
The Sistine Madonna
Sunflowers
The Ninth large wave
Bridge over a Pool of Water Lilies
The Seven Wonders of the World.
ART
MONA LISA
Spring
The Sistine Madonna
Sunflowers
The Ninth large wave
Bridge over a Pool of Water Lilies
The Seven Wonders of the World.
ART
MONA LISA
Spring
The Sistine Madonna
Sunflowers
The Ninth large wave
Bridge over a Pool of Water Lilies
The Seven Wonders of the World.
ART
MONA LISA
Spring
The Sistine Madonna
Sunflowers
The Ninth large wave
Bridge over a Pool of Water Lilies
The Seven Wonders of the World.
ART
MONA LISA
Spring
The Sistine Madonna
Sunflowers
The Ninth large wave
Bridge over a Pool of Water Lilies
The Seven Wonders of the World.
ART
MONA LISA
Spring
The Sistine Madonna
Sunflowers
The Ninth large wave
Bridge over a Pool of Water Lilies
The Seven Wonders of the World.
ART
MONA LISA
Spring
The Sistine Madonna
Sunflowers
The Ninth large wave
Bridge over a Pool of Water Lilies
The Seven Wonders of the World.
ART
MONA LISA
Spring
The Sistine Madonna
Sunflowers
The Ninth large wave
Bridge over a Pool of Water Lilies
The Seven Wonders of the World.
ART
MONA LISA
Spring
The Sistine Madonna
Sunflowers
The Ninth large wave
Bridge over a Pool of Water Lilies
The Seven Wonders of the World.
ART
MONA LISA
Spring
The Sistine Madonna
Sunflowers
The Ninth large wave
Bridge over a Pool of Water Lilies
The Seven Wonders of the World.
ART
MONA LISA
Spring
The Sistine Madonna
Sunflowers
The Ninth large wave
Bridge over a Pool of Water Lilies
The Seven Wonders of the World.
ART
MONA LISA
Spring
The Sistine Madonna
Sunflowers
The Ninth large wave
Bridge over a Pool of Water Lilies
The Seven Wonders of the World.
ART
MONA LISA
Spring
The Sistine Madonna
Sunflowers
The Ninth large wave
Bridge over a Pool of Water Lilies


title: Презентация на тему: THE SECRETS OF ENGLISH LETTERS (СЕКРЕТЫ АНГЛИЙСКИХ БУКВ)

text:
Kate
name
cab
bad

cat
plane
cake
table
apple
camel
lamp
crocodile
cat
cinema
city
Ben
ten
pen
Pete
he
we
me
elephant
he
tree
Pete
hen
dress
egg
dog

tiger
giraffe
good
Hello!
He
Hen
Horse
Hat
      big

pig

    six
nice
fine
Hi!
crocodile
tiger
five
nine
mice
pig
pink
kitten
pony
nose
 bone
dog
doll
fox
http://images.yandex.ru/yandsearch?text=%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B8%20%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F%20%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9&stype=image&lr=11192&noreask=
http://animashky.ru/index/0-7?7


title: Презентация на тему: THE SIMPSONS´S EATING HABBITS

text:
Haga clic para cambiar el estilo de título
Haga clic para modificar el estilo de texto del patrón
Segundo nivel
Tercer nivel
Cuarto nivel
Quinto nivel
THE  SIMPSONS´S   EATING  HABBITS
Hello. I am Bart Simpson. I am a school boy. I live in Springfield with my family  We have a dog, too. His name is Santa´s Little Helper. And our cat´s name is Snowball. Do you have a pet? Now, what´s my favourite food? Well, it´s a bit difficult. I like butterfnger candy bar. Do you know, what it is? Well, it´s a chocolate bar with an orange coloured center with the texture similar crisp caramel. All that is coated with chololate. And it´s yummy! I like Krusty burgers, I like cholocate and vanilla ice-cream, I like hot dogs as my Dad and I like milshakes of all types. I also like french fries, but my Mum doesn´t want to buy me those. She always gives me a sandwich and some fruit or vegetables for my packed lunch. And what do I like to drink? I like Coke, lemonade and sometimes tea.
Hi. I am Lisa Simpson. I am a vegetarian. I like to eat anything with no meat. And what is my favourite food? Well, in the morning I like to have some cereals, fruits and nuts with milk, and a cup of nice hot tea. For lunch I very often have some pasta with cheese, or rice with vegetables. I like vegetable salads, too. Sometimes my Mum makes mashed potatoes with vegetable stuffed mushrooms for me and for my brother Bart, but he doesn´t like it much. As a dessert I like apple pies, pancakes, brownies, and cookies. And I love rice pudding and, of course, ice-cream. Well, who doesn´t? Every Saturday my Mum makes cinamon plumbs with French toast. That is really nice and tasty.. Sometimes I have vegetable burgers. I like all kinds of fruit and vegetables. I like beans and lentils. I mostly drink still mineral water and green tea. I don´t like Coke and sweet drinks.
Now answer the following questions about the four people above:
Who  does like burgers?
Who does like pancakes?
Who is vegetarian?
Where does Homer eat hot dogs?
What is Marge´s favourite food?
What is Bart´s favourite food?
What fruit does Marge like?
What fruit does Lisa like?
What drinks does  Bart like?
What drinks does Marge like?
How often does Lisa have the cinamon plumps with French toast?
What does Homer sometimes buy for Marge?
What does Marge usually have for breakfast?
What kind of ice-cream does Bart like beat of all?
What drinks Lisa doesn´t like?
What does Homer eat during his break at work?
What does Marge often give to Bart for packed lunch?


title: Презентация на тему: The shortest people in the world

text:
The shortest people in the world
Worked by the pupil from 8A
Petrova Galina
Teacher: Yakimova A.N
Plan
1. Introduction                                                         p. 3
2. Gul Mohammed                                                   p. 4
3. He Pingping                                                         p. 5
4. Edward Nino Hernandez                                     p. 6
5. Khagendra Thapa Magar                                     p. 7,8
6. Konstantin Morozov                                            p. 9
7. Hatice Kocaman                                                   p. 10
8. Jyoti Amge                                                           p. 11
9. Conclusion                                                           p. 12
10. Literature                                                            p. 13
Gul Mohammed
          Tthe world's shortest man, Gul Mohammed, was born in the capital of India, Delhi, in 1957. Mohammed entered the Guinness Book of World Records in 1992 for being the shortest man at 57.15 cms. He weighed 17 kgs.
         A bachelor, he is survived by a brother and two sisters. His parents died a few years ago.
         His height prevented Mohammed from working at the family business of bangle manufacturing. He acted in a few  TVserials and lived in a small house in Jazarag Seelampur in Old Delhi.
        He died of lung disease linked to his smoking when he was 40 (in 1997). The Press Trust of India said Mohammed died without realizing his fondest wish - marrying a tall woman.

He Pingping
Edward Nino Hernandez
            A 70cm (27-inch) tall Colombian has been named the world's shortest living man by Guinness World Records.
           Edward Nino Hernandez, 24, weighs only 10kg (22lbs). His mother said he had not grown since he was two years old.
           Mr Hernandez, who works part-time as a dancer, told the Associated Press: "I feel happy because I'm unique."
          The previous record holder was He Pingping of China, who was 4cm (1.5in) taller and died in March - before Mr Hernandez was discovered.
          Mr Hernandez is not expected to keep the title for long, however, as Khagendra Thapa Magar of Nepal is expected to take the title when he turns 18 in October.
           Mr Hernandez is not expected to keep the title of world's shortest man for long
          Khagendra, currently recognised as the world's shortest living teenager, is only 56cm (22in) tall. The shortest man on record was Gul Mohammed of India, who measured just 57cm - 1cm taller than Khagendra.
           Mr Hernandez's mother, Noemi, said doctors in the Colombian capital, Bogota, never explained why he had grown only 40cm since birth.
           She said doctors at the National University studied him until he was three and then lost interest. Her youngest child, 11-year-old Miguel Angel, is himself only 93cm (37in) tall.
            Mr Hernandez left school in the eighth grade and now earns some money dancing at department stores. He is also currently playing the role of a drug dealer in a film.
          Although he liked the attention, he said there were some drawbacks.
          "It bothers me that people are always touching me and picking me up."
Khagendra Thapa Magar
              "People are always so nice to him. They come up and ask to have their photograph taken with him. It makes us feel that he is loved, and he likes it too. Khagendra is a true blessing from God."
               Magar senior, who runs a fruit shop in the family's village in central Nepal, said he did not know what caused his son to stop growing.
               But reports say that the teenager suffers from primordial dwarfism, a condition that typically reduces life expectancy to as little as 20 years.
              "He was so tiny when he was born that he could fit in the palm of your hand, and it was very hard to bathe him because he was so small," said his father.
              "Sometimes it made us sad when he was growing up because we thought he would never be able to do normal things like ride a bike or drive a car, but now he is so popular, and that has made us happy."
              Magar rarely speaks publicly himself, but in a conversation with journalists in Pokhara this week, the teenager said he wanted a remote-controlled car for his birthday -- and that he would rely on his future wife for transport.
               "I'm hoping to marry in two years' time, when I am 20," he said. "I'll sit in my wife's handbag and travel the world with her."
              Last month, Magar travelled to New York as part of a publicity trip organised by Ripley's Believe It or Not curiosity museum, where he posed alongside a life-sized figure of the tallest man in history -- the 8-foot-11-inch American Robert Wadlow.
              He also travelled to Italy earlier this year where he met He Pingping of China, who was the world's shortest man until his death in March. The pair appeared together in a television show.
                Guinness World Records says the shortest man ever is thought to be Gul Mohammed from India, who was said to have measured just 22.5 inches, although this was never independently verified.
               As his big day approached, Magar's father said the family intended to mark the occasion by sharing a birthday cake with relatives and the dozens of journalists who have gathered in Pokhara.
              "It will be the biggest and happiest day of our lives," he said. "We are simple people and this is a huge responsibility for us, but it also makes us very happy. We are glad that we are able to make Nepal proud."
Konstantin Morozov
Hatice Kocaman
Jyoti Amge
Conclusion

           So I arrived at the conclusion that there were few short people in the world. I have just spoken about some of them. Nowadays the shortest man in the world is the Nepalese teenager Khagendra Thapa  Magar. He is 67.08 centimetres tall and weighs just 6.5 kilograms. The 21-year-old  Hatice Kocaman from Turkey is the second shortest person in world behind Khagendra Thapa Magar, who is 67cm   and weighs 6.5kg. But a teenager from India who  is 58cm tall is the smallest girl in the world. Jyoti Amge is shorter than the average two-year-old child and only weighs 5kg.

Literature
                                       Alikovo secondary school
                           Alikovo - 2011
                              Report


title: Презентация на тему: The_Russian_Federation

text:
The Russian Federation
The project was created by
26.03.2012
Russia
The Russian Federation is the big democracy country. Russia is Presidential Republic. Power in the Russian Federation is divided into tree parts: legislative, executive and judicial branches.
Russia's political system
State authorityThe President
Functions of the President of the Russian Federation:
guarantees the basic rights of people;
appoints the Chairman of the Government;
can dissolve the Duma;
can veto laws passed by the Federal Assembly;
sign bills.
Dmitry Medvedev
State authorityThe legislature branch
Functions of the legislature branch of the Russian Federation:
approves the Chairman of the Government;
makes laws;
approves the government;
declare a war;
assent to changes in taxation.
State authorityThe executive branch
Functions of the executive branch of the Russian Federation:
organization of practical implementation of the Constitution and laws of the Russian Federation;
administrative control after the observance of legal norms and obligatory rules;
direct providing of safety of citizens and society.
State authorityThe judicial branch
Functions of the judicial branch of the Russian Federation:
justice;
interpretation of legal norms;
the identity of the facts of legal significance;
People in Russia
Political rights in the Russian Federation:
freedom of speech;
legal aspects of computing;
freedom of association;
freedom of assembly;
universal suffrage.
Sources:
Wikipedia
Constitution of Russian Federation
Knowledge


title: Презентация на тему: The Simpsons

text:
The Simpsons
'The Simpsons' is a very popular TV show, not just in America but all over the world. It is about a funny cartoon family from Springfield, USA.
Marge Simpson is the mother of the family.
She is 38 years old. She is tall and slim and her hair is blue! She can cook well and she is
very patient and kind.
She is afraid of flying.
Homer Simpson is the
father of the family. He is 39 years and is tall
and fat. He likes eating
and drinking very much. He is not very clever, but he's funny.
Lisa Simpson is 8 years old. She's short and she's got
fair hair. She is very clever. She can sing and play the
saxophone and she can
speak Swedish and French.
Bart Simpson is 10 years old. He is short with fair
hair. He is naughty and
noisy. He likes comic books and skateboarding. He can speak French. He has	two sisters, Lisa and Maggie.
Maggie Simpson is the baby of the family. She is small and she has got fair hair. She can't walk
and she can't talk, but
she can play the
saxophone. She is quiet, friendly  and very clever
Check your answers
B
B
A
A
A
B
B
A

A
A
A
B
A
B
A
B


title: Презентация на тему: The Smartest

text:
The Smartest
The 1-st tour
1. Sydney
2. Canberra
3. Melbourne
4. Brisbane
School year in Russia begins in September. And what about Australia?

1. 1 September
2. 1 January
3. 1 February
4. 1 March
When did Europeans settle in Australia?
1. 1488
2. 1492
3. 1788
4. 1901
Which is/are a popular Australian animal(s)?

1. Koala
2. Kangaroo
3. All of these
4. Emu
Which two animals can you see on the Australian coat of arms?
1. Kangaroo and Dingo
2. Koala and Parrot
3. Kangaroo and Emu
4. Crocodile and Koala
1. Melbourne
2. Sydney
3. Canberra
4. Hobart
Who are the Australian natives?
1. Eskimos
2. Aborigines
3. Indians
4. Papua
Who discovered Australia?
1. Christopher Columbus
2. Lewis and Clark
3.Captain Cook
4. Magellan
What is the official language in Australia?
1.French
3. German
2. English
4. Australian
In which season do Australians celebrate Christmas?
1. Spring
2. Autumn
3. Summer
4. Winter
The 2-nd tour
When did Captain Cook discover Australia?
In 1770
When did Australia gain independence from Great Britain?
In 1931
Where is Australia situated?
In the southern
 hemisphere.
Which seas and oceans surround Australia?
The Pacific ocean,
 the Indian ocean,
the Tasman sea
Australia has two main rivers. Can you name them?
Darling
Murray
Australia has the largest coral reef in the world. What is it called?
Great Barrier Reef
On the 26-th of January
What is the population of Australia?
18 million people
50 kinds of kangaroo
55 rinds of parrots
How many kinds of kangaroo and parrots exist in Australia?
Melbourne-1956
Sydney-2000
 What Australian cities hosted Olympic games and when?


title: Презентация на тему: The sights of America

text:
The sights of America
From California to the NY     island

The USA is one of the largest countries in the worldlargestcountries in the world
The sights of America : Sears Tower.
America is famous for its skyscrapers. The tallest building in the world is in Chicago. Its name is the Sears Tower
The Twin Towers in New York
 These towers were the proud of America. They were destroyed by airplanes. Now you can find only the memorial to these towers.
The statue of Liberty in New York.
It was built in New York Harbor in 1886. This Statue was a gift from the people of France. About 12 million immigrants passed through New York when they came to America. The Statue of Liberty is Americas symbol of Freedom.
The Empire State Building
The White House in Washington D.C.
The White House is the beautiful home of every President of the United States. This is the oldest public building in Washington D.C. It has the most famous address -1600 Pennsylvania Avenue. Consist of 132 rooms. Open for tours daily: 9.00 a. m- 3. 45 p.m.
National Air and Space Museum
National Air and Space Museum
Here you can see the history of flight, from the first plane flown by the Wright brothers to the Apollo space ship.
The Guggenheim museum
Nature sights: Niagara Falls
Niagara falls.
It is on the river Niagara. It is linked 2 Great Lakes: The Erie and the Ontario. The river is the border between the USA and Canada.
Sequoia National Park.
The USA is a great  country. There are many unusual and beautiful places and sights to see. The tourists of the world are fond of changing in the American life.  It has an interesting history and full of hope in the future. America is an example of progress.


title: Презентация на тему: The Smithsonian Air and Space Museum

text:
Grade 9A
School 8
Khanova Aigul
Pagina Yulia
Surgut
February, 2010
Plan of the working
Preparation
Activity
Include in your project the following:
Basic information about the museum;
Comments from students;
Picture (photos of sights).
Presentation
Look again at the material you have prepared;
Exchange your ideas about how to place pictures and photos, how to make your project colorful and readable;
Proofread the material, check the spelling, punctuation, grammar and vocabulary;
Make slides and presentation in Microsoft PowerPoint;
Present your project to your students.
The National Air and Space Museum of the Smithsonian Institution
History
National Air Museum was formed on August 12, 1946 by an act of Congress. Some pieces in the National Air and Space Museum collection date back to the 1876. In 1952 it was placed in the Maryland-National Capital Park.
The Space  race in 1950 and 1960 led to the renaming of the museum to the National Air and  Space Museum.
The new exhibition hall was opened
in July, 1976.
The Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center was
opened in 2003.
Architecture
AIA 150 - Shape of America
EducationAt the Museum
The National Air and Space Museum offers a variety of free educational programs for families, school groups and the general public.
Guided School Group Tours are held at the National Mall Building and at the Steven Udvar-Hazy Center.
Tour duration is about one hour.
National Mall Building Tours are about:
African Americans in the and Space History;
Discovery;
Exploring the Planets;
Exploring Space;
Exploring the Universe with Telescopes;
History of Flight;
Air Transportation-Past, Present, Future;
Personal Aviation;
Military Aviation.
The Smithson Institution Building known as the «Castle» was completed in 1855. The complex now includes 14 museums.
James Smithsonian had never been to the US but left his entire fortune of 500,000 $ to America.
Smithsonian museums
An 1816 portrait of Smithson
 by Henri-Joseph Johns
Smithsonian museums
Washington, D.C.
Anacostia Community Museum
Arthur M. Sackler Gallery (Mall Museum)
Arts and Industries Building (Mall Museum)
Freer Gallery of Art (Mall Museum)
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden (Mall Museum)
National Air and Space Museum (Mall Museum)
National Museum of African American History and Culture (not yet built)
National Museum of African Art (Mall Museum)
National Museum of American History (Mall Museum)
National Museum of the American Indian (Mall Museum)
National Museum of Natural History (Mall Museum)
National Portrait Gallery
National Postal Museum
S. Dillon Ripley Center (Mall Museum)
Smithsonian American Art Museum
Smithsonian Institution Building
Smithsonian National Zoological Park (National Zoo)
The National Gallery of Art is affiliated with the Smithsonian, and is run by a separate charter.
The collection of aircraft and spacecraft
Image Gallery
There are a lot of space rockets and a lunar landing module. It is also has the original airplane used by the Wright Brothers and «the Spirit of St. Lous»; the first plane to cross the Atlantic, which  Charles Lindbergh flew from New York to Paris.
the Spirit of St. Lous
Mercury Friendship 7
Spacecraft

Images
Soviet SS-20 and U.S.
Pershing II rockets
Images
Lunar space sui
Images
Moon rock from Apollo 17
Images
The Surveyor 3 camera
Images
Apollo Lunar Module
Images
Popular Museum
The Air and Space Museum was used as part of the setting in the 2009 film Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian, but the film was actually shot in Vancouver.
The Air and Space Museum that is in Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen, where Sam, Mikaela, Wheelie and Agent Simmons woke up Jetfire in SR-71 Blackbird mode, is the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center branch facility located near Dulles International Airport.
As of 2007, over 6 million people visited the National Air and Space Museum.
Thank you


title: Презентация на тему: The Sherlock Holmes' Museum

text:
The Sherlock Holmes' Museum

In the 1880s a young doctor sat waiting for new patients who never came. To pass the time, he wrote stories about a man who was very good at solving crimes.
These stories were so popular that the doctor decided to give up medicine and become a writer instead. The doctor was Arthur Conan Doyle and his' creation was Sherlock Holmes.
Holmes and his famous friend Doctor Watson shared rooms at 221b Baker Street.
Their landlady was the long-suffering Mrs. Hudson. She had to put up with strange visitors, revolver practice indoors, chemical experiments and late-time violin playing.
In 1990, a museum was at last opened at 221b Baker Street, though it should have happened long ago. After all, 221b Baker Street is the worlds most famous address and people have been writing to it for more than 100 years.
Everything in the museum reminds us of the stories we know so well. It is filled with things which Holmes and Watson would have had — Holmes' violin, his deerstalker and pipe, the Persian slipper in which he kept his tobacco, unanswered letters pinned to the wall with a knife, his magnifying glass.
The Sherlock Holmes' Museum is unlike other museums. Very little here is locked up in glass cases. You can sit in Holmes' s armchair by the fireplace, you can examine his things and put on his deerstalker. But please bring your own pipe to smoke!
People have been writing to this address for the last 100 years. Most letters come from the United States and many correspondents ask if Mr. Holmes can help them with some problem, such as finding a missing relative (or a pet). Greeting cards arrive at Christmas and on Holmes' birthday (he was born on January, 6th). Dr. Watson is not forgotten either.


title: Презентация на тему: The solar system

text:
THE   SOLAR  SYSTEM
   There are eight planets in our solar system : the Mercury, the Venus, the Earth, the Mars, the Jupiter, the Saturn, the Uranus and the Neptune. They circle around the Sun.

THE  SUN
   The Sun is a star - it isn’t a planet. Our Sun is like the stars we see in the sky at night. The Sun is the only star we see during the daytime.
It’s the nearest planet to the Sun.
In Roman mythology, Mercury was a messenger, and the god of commerce

There are mountains, craters, and valleys in the Mercury.

The Mercury
In Roman mythology Venus was the goddess of Love and Beauty.
The Venus is the second planet from the Sun.

The Venus is the hottest planet
The Venus
In Roman mythology, Mars was the god of war.

It’s the fourth planet from the Sun.
It is sometimes called the Red Planet.
There are deserts and canyons on the Mars.

The Mars
In Roman mythology, Jupiter  was the king of the gods, and the god of the sky.

It’s the fifth planet from the Sun
It has got 16 satellites.
It’s the biggest planet.
The Jupiter.
In Roman mythology, Saturn was the god of agriculture

It’s the sixth planet from the Sun

There are lots of rings that go around it.
The Saturn
The Uranus is the seventh planet from the Sun
The Uranus has rings , too
The Uranus
In Roman mythology Neptune was the god of the sea.
The Neptune is the eighth planet from the Sun.
The Neptune is the coldest planet, because it is very far from the sun.
The Neptune
The DWARF   PLANETS


title: Презентация на тему: The Seasons

text:
The Seasons
МБОУ Красноборская средняя общеобразовательная школа
Агрызского муниципального района РТ
Работа выполнена
ученицей 4 класса
Каюмовой Гульшат Габдулкадировной
Руководитель: Пономарёва Светлана Александровна,
учитель иностранных языков,
 I категория
There are four seasons in a year: spring, summer, autumn, winter. One season comes after another and brings changes in nature.
Spring. There are three months: March, April, May. It is warm. In spring I can walk and play with children.
In spring we enjoy  the first grass, green leaves, the first flowers.

The apple trees are white.

The hottest season is summer. The sun shines brighter and the days become longer. There are many field flowers.
Schoolchildren have their holidays. We like To swim and dive in the river.
I like to go to the forest.

There are many barries and mushrooms.
Sometimes it rains.
The weather is usually fine.
I like summer because in June there is a big holiday-Sabantuy.
We go often to the beautiful waterfall.
Autumn comes.  It’s cold, cloudy and windy.
It is a tasty and beautiful season. There a lot of fruits in autumn: apples, rears, grapes, plumps.

The leaves are red, yellow and they fall down from the trees.
In autumn we go to the school.
Winter is the coldest season of the year. There is much snow in the winter.
I like to ski, skate, play snowballs, make snowmen.


title: Презентация на тему: The Statue of Liberty Unveiled in 1886

text:
Click to edit Master title style
Click to edit Master text styles
Second level
Third level
Fourth level
Fifth level
The Statue of Liberty
Unveiled in 1886
Dedicated by U.S. President Grover Cleveland on Oct. 28, 1886.
Located in the New York Harbor on
Ellis Island.
It greeted thousands of immigrants and visitors as they entered New York Bay and arrived in the United States.
 The Statue of Liberty is 46 m (151 ft) The surface of the statue is composed of hammered copper sheets 2.4 mm (0.01 in) thick that are riveted to an iron framework.
The statue rests upon a concrete-and-granite pedestal. Its base and pedestal increase the height of the monument to     93m (305 ft) high.
The Statue of Liberty is a monumental sculpturthe at symbolizes freedom throughout the world. Its formal name is Liberty Enlightening the World.
The statue depicts a woman escaping the chains of tyranny, which lie at her feet. Her right hand holds aloft a burning torch that represents liberty.
She is wearing flowing robes and the seven rays of her spiked crown symbolize the seven seas and continents.
Not like the brazen giant of Greek fame,
With conquering limbs astride from land to land:Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall standA mighty woman with a torch,
Whose flame lightning, and her name Glows is the imprisoned world-wide welcome; her mild eyes commandThe air- Mother of Exiles. From her beacon-hand bridged harbor that twin cities frame.

Lady Liberty
1886 - 2001
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Click to edit Master text styles
Second level
Third level
Fourth level
Fifth level
The Statue of Liberty
Unveiled in 1886
Dedicated by U.S. President Grover Cleveland on Oct. 28, 1886.
Located in the New York Harbor on
Ellis Island.
It greeted thousands of immigrants and visitors as they entered New York Bay and arrived in the United States.
 The Statue of Liberty is 46 m (151 ft) The surface of the statue is composed of hammered copper sheets 2.4 mm (0.01 in) thick that are riveted to an iron framework.
The statue rests upon a concrete-and-granite pedestal. Its base and pedestal increase the height of the monument to     93m (305 ft) high.
The Statue of Liberty is a monumental sculpturthe at symbolizes freedom throughout the world. Its formal name is Liberty Enlightening the World.
The statue depicts a woman escaping the chains of tyranny, which lie at her feet. Her right hand holds aloft a burning torch that represents liberty.
She is wearing flowing robes and the seven rays of her spiked crown symbolize the seven seas and continents.
Not like the brazen giant of Greek fame,
With conquering limbs astride from land to land:Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall standA mighty woman with a torch,
Whose flame lightning, and her name Glows is the imprisoned world-wide welcome; her mild eyes commandThe air- Mother of Exiles. From her beacon-hand bridged harbor that twin cities frame.

Lady Liberty
1886 - 2001
With conquering limbs astride from land to land:Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall standA mighty woman with a torch,


title: Презентация на тему: The State system of the UK

text:
The State system of the UK.
The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. It means that the state has a monarch(a king or a queen) as its Head of State. The monarch has very little power and can only reign with the support of Parliament. Parliament consists of two chambers known as the House of Commons and the House of Lords. Parliament and the monarch have different roles  in the government of the country, and they only meet together on symbolic occasions such as the coronation of a new monarch or the opening of Parliament. The UK Parliament is one of the oldest representative assemblies in the world, having its origins in the mid-13th century.
Parliament's History at a Glance.
    The history of Parliament is one of long competition with the monarchy, and Parliament's eventual supremacy. Important milestones in that competition include:
the early Commons' assertion of control over grants of revenue to the monarch;
the English Civil war when Parliament ordered the beheading of the king;
the Glorious Revolution of 1688, during which Parliament succeeded in establishing its sovereignty over the Crown;
the growing dependence of the Prime Minister on Parliament in the 18th century;
the great reforms of the 19th century, which extended suffrage to most of the adult male population and established the secret ballot;
the Parliament Act of 1911, which abolished the veto power of the Lords;
the Representation of the People Acts of 1918, 1928, 1948, and 1969, which extended the suffrage to women, established the principle of one person one vote, and lowered the voting age from 21 to 18.
Major parliamentary reforms of 1999-2003 initiated by the Labour Government.
The House of Lords.
The House of Commons and the electoral system.
   In reality, the House of Commons is the only one of the three which has true  power. It is here that new bills are introduced and debated. If the majority of the members are in favor of a bill it goes to the House of Lords to be debated and the finally to the monarch to be signed. Only then does it become law. Although a bill must be supported by all three bodies, the House of Lords only has limited powers, and the monarch has not refused to sign one since the modern political system began over 200 years ago.
The party system.
The British democratic system depends on political parties, and there has been a party system of some kind since the 17th century. The political parties choose candidates in elections. The party which wins the majority of seats forms the Government and its leader usually becomes Prime Minister. The largest minority party to criticize it. Without this agreement between the political parties, the British parliamentary system would break down.
The monarchy.
Local government.
The Houses of Parliament
 and Big Ben.
The House of Commons.
The party system.
The House of Lords.
The monarchy.
Local government.
Parliament's History at a Glance.
Queen- the Head of State.
The State system of the UK.
The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. It means that the state has a monarch(a king or a queen) as its Head of State. The monarch has very little power and can only reign with the support of Parliament. Parliament consists of two chambers known as the House of Commons and the House of Lords. Parliament and the monarch have different roles  in the government of the country, and they only meet together on symbolic occasions such as the coronation of a new monarch or the opening of Parliament. The UK Parliament is one of the oldest representative assemblies in the world, having its origins in the mid-13th century.
Parliament's History at a Glance.
    The history of Parliament is one of long competition with the monarchy, and Parliament's eventual supremacy. Important milestones in that competition include:
the early Commons' assertion of control over grants of revenue to the monarch;
the English Civil war when Parliament ordered the beheading of the king;
the Glorious Revolution of 1688, during which Parliament succeeded in establishing its sovereignty over the Crown;
the growing dependence of the Prime Minister on Parliament in the 18th century;
the great reforms of the 19th century, which extended suffrage to most of the adult male population and established the secret ballot;
the Parliament Act of 1911, which abolished the veto power of the Lords;
the Representation of the People Acts of 1918, 1928, 1948, and 1969, which extended the suffrage to women, established the principle of one person one vote, and lowered the voting age from 21 to 18.
Major parliamentary reforms of 1999-2003 initiated by the Labour Government.
The House of Lords.
The House of Commons and the electoral system.
   In reality, the House of Commons is the only one of the three which has true  power. It is here that new bills are introduced and debated. If the majority of the members are in favor of a bill it goes to the House of Lords to be debated and the finally to the monarch to be signed. Only then does it become law. Although a bill must be supported by all three bodies, the House of Lords only has limited powers, and the monarch has not refused to sign one since the modern political system began over 200 years ago.
The party system.
The British democratic system depends on political parties, and there has been a party system of some kind since the 17th century. The political parties choose candidates in elections. The party which wins the majority of seats forms the Government and its leader usually becomes Prime Minister. The largest minority party to criticize it. Without this agreement between the political parties, the British parliamentary system would break down.
The monarchy.
Local government.
The Houses of Parliament
 and Big Ben.
The House of Commons.
The party system.
The House of Lords.
The monarchy.
Local government.
Parliament's history at a glance.
The official head of state.


title: Презентация на тему: The sights of London

text:
Презентация к уроку английского языка в 5 классе по теме:The sights of London.
Автор: учитель английского языка ГБОУ СОШ 883 г. Москвы
Парамонова И. К.
London.
London is the capital of Great Britain, its political, economic, and commercial centre. It is one of the largest cities in the world and the largest city in Europe. Its population is about 8 million.

The center of London
The St.Paul’s Cathedral
The St. Paul's Cathedral, the greatest of English churches. It was built in the 17th century by Sir Christopher Wren.

Big Ben Big Ben is the nickname for the great bell of the clock at the north end of the Palace of Westminster in London, And often extended to refer to the clock and the clock tower.
The Tower of London The Tower of London was founded by Julius Caesar and in 1066 rebuilt by William the Conqueror. It was used as a fortress, a royal palace, and a prison. Now it is a museum.

Westminster Abbey.Westminster is the governmental part of London.Nearly all English kings and queens have been crowned in Westminster Abbey. Many outstanding statesmen, scientists, writers, poets, and painters are buried here: Newton, Darwin, Chaucer, Dickens, Tennyson, Kipling.
The Houses of Parliament,the seat of the British Parliament.
Buckingham Palace is the official residence of the Queen.
 The Trafalgar Square is the geographical centre of London. It was named in memory of Admiral Nelson's victory in the battle of Trafalgar in 1805. The tall Nelson's Column stands in the middle of the square.On the north side of the Trafalgar Square is the National Portrait Gallery. Not far away is the British Museum — the biggest museum in London. It contains a priceless collection of ancient manuscripts, coins, sculptures, etc, and is also famous for its library.

Tower Bridge (built 1886–1894) is a combined bascule and suspension bridge in London which crosses the River Thames. It is close to the Tower of London, from which it takes its name, and has become an iconic symbol of London.

The Royal Festival HallThe Royal Festival Hall is a 2,500-seat concert, dance and talks venue within Southbank Centre in London. It is situated on the South Bank of the River Thames, not far from Hungerford Bridge.
Ресурсы:1.http://images.yandex.ru/yandsearch2. http://ru.wikipedia.org3.Ю.А. Смирнов Английский язык, Проспект, 2005.


Презентация на тему: test


title: Презентация на тему: The State Symbols of Canada

text:
The State Symbols of Canada
The  main  aims:
The tasks:
to learn different materials;
to find and sum up the necessary information;
to carry out the survey on this theme.
The Object of the research: Canada
The Subject of the research: the Symbols of Canada.
Official name: Canada
Area: 3,851,790 sq mi (9,976,000 sq km)
Capital: Ottawa (Ontario)
Population: over 28 m people (1995)
Major Languages: English and French

Form of Government: Constitutional Monarchy, which consists of a federation of 10 provinces, and 2 territories.
Head of State: Queen of Britain, represented in Canada by the Governor General, whom she appoints on the advice of the Canadian government.
Head of Government: Prime Minister
Legislature: Parliament, consisting of the crown, the Senate and the House of Commons; each province has its own legislature.
 O Canada! Our home and native land!
 True patriot love in all thy sons command.
  With glowing hearts we see thee rise,
  The True North strong and free!
  From far and wide, O Canada,
  We stand on guard for thee.
  God keep our land glorious and free!
  O Canada, we stand on guard for thee.
  O Canada, we stand on guard for thee.
.
and their symbols
Nova Scotia
New Brunswick
Ontario
Quebec
Manitoba
British Columbia
Prince Edward Island
Saskatchewan
Alberta
Newfoundland and Labrador
The Yukon Territory
The Northwest Territories
The Nunavut
Nova Scotia 1 July 1867
Floral symbol - The trailing arbutus
New Brunswick1 July 1867
Floral symbol - the purple violet
Ontario1 July 1867
Floral symbol - The white trillium
Quebec1 July 1867
Floral symbol - The white garden lily
Manitoba15 July 1870
Floral symbol - The wild prairie crocus
British Columbia20 July 1871
Floral symbol - the Pacific dogwood
Prince Edward Island1 July 1873
Floral symbol - The trailing arbutus
Saskatchewan1 September 1905
Floral symbol - The prairie lily
Alberta1 September 1905
Floral symbol - the wild rose
Newfoundland and Labrador31 March 1949
Floral symbol - The pitcher plant
The Yukon Territory1898
Floral symbol - The fireweed
The Northwest Territories15 July 1870
Floral symbol - the mountain avens
The Nunavut


Презентация на тему: Тести на уроках англійської мови. Чи вміють учні ними оперувати?


title: Презентация на тему: The sights of the USA

text:
FAMOUS LANDMARKS OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
The National Mall, Washington DC
The National Mall in Washington, D.C., is  home to the capital city's most important memorials, monuments, and museums. This image shows the Lincoln Memorial (foreground), the Reflecting Pool, the Washington Monument, and, in the distance, the Capitol Building.
There are also nearly a dozen museums bordering the Mall, Vietnam Memorial (among many others) near at hand.

The Capitol, where the Congress meets is in the centre of the city.

The Congress consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives.
   The Senate and the House of Representatives meet in the Capitol Building to make laws that govern the country.
The White House is the oldest public building in Washington and one of the most beautiful. It is the home of the United States president. It has been the home for every U.S. president, except George Washington.
    Lincoln Memorial
The Lincoln Memorial was built to honor Abraham Lincoln, the 16th president of the United States.
Surrounding the monument are 36 marble columns representing the 36 states of the Union at the time of Abraham Lincoln's death.
Inside the monument  is (a 19 foot white marble statue of Abraham Lincoln. On the walls are etched his words calling for unity of the country,
"that government of the people, by the people, and for the people, shall not perish from the earth."
Also on the walls are the words of his Second Inaugural Address and murals portraying national unity and the freeing of the slaves.
 Washington Monument

The Washington Monument was built to honour George Washington, commander-in-chief of the continental army, and first president of the United States.
The monument was completed and dedicated in 1885. It is a white marble structure 165 meters tall.
Vietnam Memorial
The Vietnam Memorial was built to honor the soldiers who died in the Vietnam War. It is a large black stone wall.
On the wall are etched the names of all the United States soldiers who died in the Vietnam War.
The Statue of Liberty is one of the best known American landmarks. It is located in the New York harbor near Ellis Island. The statue welcomed new immigrants to the United States who entered the country through Ellis Island between 1892 and 1954.
The statue is 34 meters  tall and made from 225 tons of copper.
It was given to the people of the United States by France on July 4, 1884 to commemorate the 100 anniversary of the American Revolution.
Statue of liberty

The construction of this memorial began in 1925. Gutzon Borglum, a famous American sculptor, and a crew of over 360 people carved on the face of Mount Rushmore the heads of Washington, Jefferson, Lincoln and Roosevelt.
THE MOUNT RUSHMORE MEMORIAL
This tremendous work, which took fourteen years to complete, was finished in 1941.

The faces measure 18 meters from chin to top of head, and would be 141 meter tall if the whole bodies were built to this scale.

  Golden Gate Bridge
The Golden Gate Bridge was built in 1937 to connect the city of San Francisco to Marin County across the Golden Gate Strait.
The total length of the bridge is  2,737 m.
The bridge is 67 meters above the strait, with the top of the tower at 227 meters above the water.
  Gateway Arch     St. Louis
Part of the Jefferson National Expansion Memorial Park, this iconic structure symbolizes the importance of St. Louis as the Gateway to the West. It is 192 meters high. Be sure to ride to the top for great views of the city and the Mississippi.
HOLLYWOOD SIGN
Empire State Building

Mesa Verde
The nearly 600 cliff houses notched by the ancient Indians Anasazi into canyon walls are the most attractive feature of Colorado's Mesa Verde National Park. Cliff Palace, shown here, is the largest, with 151 rooms and 23 circular underground chambers called kivas.
The Four Corners
The Four Corners is the only place in the United States where four states (Arizona, New Mexico, Utah, and Colorado) come together at one place. Here a person can stand in four states at the same time.
The unique landmark is managed by the Navajo Nation and is open for visits from the public.
Vendors sell handmade jewelry, crafts and traditional foods nearby.
Graceland:
Elvis Presley was twenty-two when he bought Graceland for $100,000 in March, 1957. He had already recorded "Heartbreak Hotel" , performed on the Ed Sullivan Show, and saw his first album ( Elvis Presley ) reach million-plus dollars in sales.

Elvis died a broken man. He once remarked in the later part of his life "I hope I die onstage". He died at Graceland on August 16, 1977. His body was found in a bathroom.
People continue to leave flowers at Elvis' grave, which are dutifully displayed until they wilt
Alcatraz
There are many haunted tales that beleaguer Alcatraz, the now out-of-commission prison located in San Francisco Bay. Visitors to the island have reported hearing the ghost of American gangster Al Capone playing his banjo, sounds of crying and moaning and inexplicable cold spots.

      Crater of Diamonds State Park
Arkansas The Natural State is blessed with an abundance of geological wonders. Crater of Diamonds State Park, the only diamond-producing site in the world open to the public
It is a one-of-a-kind experience in the world. You are invited to experience this unique attraction and enjoy the thrill of digging for diamonds. The park staff will identify your finds for you. And unlike other diamond-bearing sites, the park policy is "finders, keepers." Any diamonds, semi-precious stones, rocks, or minerals you unearth are yours to keep, regardless of their value.
Diamonds come in all colors of the rainbow. The three colors unearthed here are white, brown and yellow, in that order.
  Hoover Dam
Holding back the mighty Colorado River, this massive feat of engineering creates hydroelectric power and helps provides water for seven states.
Grand Canyon
        Mono Lake
An estimated 760,000 years old, this California landmark has become a stunning sightseeing location. By 1982, the lake had lost 51 percent of the surface area it had before the diversions began in 1941, revealing once-submerged  limestone, which now forms scenic towers across the water's surface
Niagara Falls
Formed over the last 12,000 years by melting glaciers and water erosion, Niagara Falls is marveled at for its great width rather than height. Spanning the Canadian-American border, the site attracts 12 million visitors annually.
This famed cataract comprises three separate falls: Horseshoe, American, and Bridal Veil.
Crater Lake
Formed by the collapse of the Mount Mazama volcanoes approximately 6,850 years ago, this crater lake is located in Oregon. No place else on earth combines a deep, pure lake, so blue in color; sheer surrounding cliffs, almost two thousand feet high; two picturesque islands; and a violent volcanic past. It is a place of immeasurable beauty
SEEING ONCE IS BETTER THAN HEARING TWICE


title: Презентация на тему: МОЯ ПРЕКРАСНАЯ РОДИНА ЛЕСА РОДНОГО КРАЯ

text:
THE URALS
  The Urals are the core of Russia, its spinal column, the support. Those who discover the Urals will discover Russia. The Urals are the cross-roads. They are of universal character, because they combine the past and the future, power and lyrics, mountains and steppes, technics and culture, inhabited and deserted places.

Woodlands
    Somewhere in the highlands near Ust- Katav there are pine-trees which probably appeared in the days of Pushkin, and they are the best we have. We also have fir-groves near Nyazepetrovsk, the Lime-tree Mountain near Asha, the Long Fir-Grove and elm-trees on the shores of the Zyuratkul, and the larches of the Arakul. It is a familiar sight: the trees climbing the slopes, keeping vertical. The mountains mean woods. The plains are poorer in this sense, but you will never find a village in the South Urals around which there are no birches. They are everywhere.
    If we follow the route to the south from Chelyabinsk, we shall see the Kichigin Pine-Forest, then the Sanar Pine-Forest, then Jabyk-Karagay Forest and still deep to the south we face the Bredy Pine-Forest. There are several   pine forests on the way from Chebarkul to Verkhneuralsk, and the Varlamovo Pine-Forest is somewhere in between. This route will help the traveller to appreciate the contrast when passing from hot steppes and warm winds into the chilly darkness of pine-woods with their resin odours.
The Zyuratkul National Park

There is a barrier and a station near
the Magnitka settlement. To the South
there is the border, near Tyulyuk, and in
between there is the Zyuratkul, the Zyuratkul
Ridge, and the ridges of Nurgush and Moscal.
There are other hills which form the Zyuratkul
National Park. You cannot call it an inhabited
place: people are rare, the beasts are many.
They have calculated that there are 730 hares,
10 trots, 70 martens, 20 badgers, 100 minks,
25 foxes, 30 wild goats, 246 elks, and 24 bears
in the territory of the Park. There are more
than a dozen wolves, but they come and go.
Mushrooms
     Everybody has his own favourite
     mushroom fields. They say you can find
     boletus near the Argazi lake, white
     mushrooms in the Sanar Pine-Forest,
     honey agarics on the shores of the
     Shantrapai lake. There are mushroomy birch-groves near Plast, Chebarkul, Kasli.
     Many mushrooms are wasted in the
     mountains. There is not a place where you
     would fail to find mushrooms. Even in the
     draughty woods near Bredy, if the summer
     is rainy enough, you will find  mushrooms aplenty.
    The woods are always beautiful. These are the landscapes and compositions made by the Nature itself.


title: Презентация на тему: The State Tretyakov Gallery

text:
The State Tretyakov Gallery
Pavel Mikhailovich Tretyakov             (1832-1898)
The noted Moscow collector, merchant and industrialist.
On 31 August (Old Style) P.M.Tretyakov approached the Moscow Duma with the proposal that the city accept his picture gallery as a gift.
The State Tretyakov Gallery
Krymsky Val,10
Lavrushinsky Lane,10
The foundation date of the State Tretyakov Gallery is reckoned to be the year1856.
Pavel Fedotov
Ilya Repin
Vasily Polenov
Karl Briullov
Thank You For Attention


title: Презентация на тему: The skeleton

text:
Prepared by:,
           09-022 OM
Checked by: Totanova Nazgul

Independent work of students of English
Almaty   2010
The skeleton
Skeletal System - Functions
Support & shape to body
Protection of internal organs
Movement in union with muscles
Storage of minerals (calcium, phosphorus) & lipids
Blood cell production
The Skeletal System
Know the Skeletal Anatomy
Axial Skeleton
Appendicular Skeleton
Surface Anatomy of the bone
By x-ray or diagram
Structure/function of joints, muscle and ligament attachments
Including range of motion
Human Skeleton
206 Bones
Axial skeleton: (80 bones) in skull, vertebrae, ribs, sternum, hyoid bone
Appendicular Skeleton: (126 bones)- upper & lower extremities plus two girdles
Half of bones in hands & feet

Axial Skeleton (80)
Skull
Ossicles of the middle ear
Hyoid bone
Thorax or chest
Vertebral column
AppendicularSkeleton (126)
Upper Extremity (64)
Shoulder Girdle
Arms
Hands
Lower Extremity (62)
Pelvic Girdle
Legs
Feet
Types of Bone
Long bones: longer than they are wide; shaft & 2 ends (e.g.: bones of arms & legs,except wrist, ankle & patella)
Short bones: roughly cube-shaped (e.g.: ankle & wrist bones)
Sesamoid bones: short bones within tendons (e.g.: patella)
Flat bones: thin, flat & often curved (e.g.,: sternum, scapulae, ribs & most skullbones)
Irregular bones: odd shapes; don't fit into other classes (e.g.: hip bones & vertebrae)
22 bones in skull
6 in middle ears
1 hyoid bone
26 in vertebral column
25 in thoracic cage

4 in pectoral girdle
60 in upper limbs
60 in lower limbs
2 in pelvic girdle

206 bones in all
The skull

8 sutured bones in cranium
Facial bones: 13 sutured bones,
 1 mandible
              Cranium
encases brain
attachments for muscles
sinuses
Thoracic cage
  ribs
  thoracic vertebrae
  sternum
  costal cartilages

    True ribs are directly attached to the sternum   (first seven pairs)

    Three false ribs are joined to the 7th rib
Two pairs of floating ribs
Vertebral column

  7 cervial vertebrae
  12 thoracic
  5 lumbar
  1 sacrum (5 fused)
  1 coccyx (4 fused)

Vertebrae vary in size and morphology
Types of Vertebrae
Cevical (7)
Atlas
Axis
Thoracic (12)
Lumbar  (5)
 Atlas – 1st; supports head
 Axis – 2nd; dens pivots to turn head

Cervical Vertebrae
 long spinous
processes

 rib facets
Thoracic Vertebrae
 large bodies

 thick, short spinous
  processes
Lumbar Vertebrae
Bone Cells

Osteoblasts – bone forming cells synthesize and secrete unmineralized ground substance and are found in areas of high metabolism within the bone
Osteocytes – mature bone cells made from osteoblasts that have made bone tissue around themselves. They maintain healthy bone tissue by secreting enzymes and controlling the bone mineral content; they also control the calcium release from the bone tissue to the blood.
Osteogenic cells respond to traumas, such as fractures, by giving rise to bone-forming cells and bone-destroying cells
Osteoclasts – bone absorbing cell – large cells that break down bone tissue – important to growth, healing, remodeling
Bone lining cells - made from osteoblasts along the surface of most bones in an adult. Bone-lining cells are thought to regulate the movement of calcium and phosphate into and out of the bone
Types of Skeletal Cartilage
Hyaline Cartilages: fine collagen fiber matrix- most abundant type- found in articular (movable joint) cartilages, costal cartilages (connect ribs tosternum), respiratory cartilages (in larynx & upper respiratory passageways) & nasal cartilages
Elastic Cartilages: similar to hyaline cartilage, more elastic fibers (very flexible) – found in external ear & epiglottis (larynx covering)
Fibrocartilage: rows of chondrocytes with thick collagen fibers; highly compressible with great tensile strength- found in menisci of knee, intervertebral discs & pubic symphysis


title: Презентация на тему: The state system of Great Britain

text:
Elizabeth II -The official head of the state
The EXECUTIVE branch of power
The LEGISLATIVE branch of power
 The President  - the head of the USA
The LEGISLATIVE
branch of power
The Capitol (the residence of the Congress)
The House of Representatives
 The Senate
The JUDICIAL branch of power
 The US Supreme Court
 The President  - the head of the Russian Federation
The EXECUTIVE branch of power
The LEGISLATIVEbranch of power
 The Duma ( lower house)
 The Federation Council (upper house)
The Supreme Court


title: Презентация на тему: Тест для дошкольников. Тренажёр по английскому языку

text:
Test
a cat
a dog
a frog
a dog
a frog
a cat
a frog
a cat
a dog
a pig
a hen
a fox
a hen
a fox
a pig
a fox
a pig
a hen
a cup
a doll
a nut
a doll
a cup
a nut
a nut
a pig
a hen
a bus
a hen
a frog


title: Презентация на тему: Тестирование 2 класс

text: Good bye!!!


title: Презентация на тему: The Statue of Liberty

text:
The Statue of Liberty
(dedicated on October 28, 1886)
Statue of Liberty National Monument
Location		Liberty Island, New York, US
Nearest  city	New York
Statue 151 ft (46 m)
with the Pedestal 305 ft (93 m)
Area		12 acres (4,9 ha)
Established		Statue dedicated October 28 1886;
				National Monument established
				October 15, 1924
Visitors		4 235 595 (includes Ellis Island NM)(in 2005)
Governing body	National Park Service
The first model, on a small scale, was built in 1870.
This first statue is now in Jardin du Luxembourg in Paris.

A second model, also on a small scale, was further brought to Maceio, a city in the Northeast of Brasil.

Truth, a French painting
by Jules Joseph
Lefebvre which is
contemporary with the
original small-scale
model (1870) also depicts
a symbolic torch-holding
female figure.
Circa 1880 model of the plaster mock-up being realized in the  Bartholdi atelier, rue de Chazelles near Parc Monceau
The cornerstoneof the pedestal designed by American architect Richard Morris Hunt
In June 1885
The Lighthouse
The Statue of Liberty functioned as a lighthouse from 1886 to 1902.

The was a lighthouse keeper and the electric light could be seen 24 miles
	(39 km at sea)

As a lighthouse, it is the first to use electricity.
Used as a
lighthouse,
the original
torch fatally
disoriented
birds
Inspirationfor the face
Full-size replica of the face of the Statue, seen as part of the exhibit in one of the corridors of the Statue pedestal. Note the retention of the original copper color.
Physical characteristics

Aerial view

Interior view
of the statue upwards,
now closed to public access
Liberty centennial
Original torch,
replaced in 1986.
After 9/11 2001
On September 11, 2001 Liberty Island closed.

The island reopened in December, 2001

The monument reopened on August 3, 2004

In June 2006 reopened the crown and interior of the Statue of Liberty to visitor.
Jumps
At 2:45p.m. on February 9,1912, steeplejack Frederick R. Law successfully performed a parachute jump.

The first suicide took place on May 13, 1929.Ralph Gleason, crawled out through one of the windows of the crown.

On August 23, 2001, French stuntman Thierry Devaux attempt to bungee jump from it. He was not hurt.
Inscription
Inscription
The French Statue of Liberty on the river Seine in Paris, France. Given to the city in 1889, it faces southwest, downstream along the Seine.
Replicas and derivative works
Statue of Liberty replica at Odaiba, overlooking the Rainbow Bridge in Tokyo Bay.
The Statue of Liberty is part of the New York State Quarter
The Statue of Liberty is on the reverse of all Presidential $1 coin
in 1984 the statue was added to the list of World Heritage Sires

in 2007 the Statue of Liberty was one of 20 finalists in a competition to name the New Seven Wonders of the World.


title: Презентация на тему: The states of the USA

text:
The states of the USA
Kansas
Flag
Seal
Kansas is a U.S. state located in the Midwestern United States. It is named after the Kansa Native American tribe, which inhabited the area. Kansas was first settled by European Americans in the 1830s.
Kansas
The climate of Kansas is continental, with cold winters and hot summers.
Industry
Kansas is famous for aviation manufacture. It is the world leader in the manufacture of personal aircraft.
Mineral products include petroleum, natural gas and cement.
Nebraska
The Capitol
Flag
Seal
Nebraska is a state, which is located on the Great Plains of the Midwestern United States. Nebraska became a state in1867. Nebraska consists of 93 districts.
Nebraska
The population is 1,868,516 people.
The capital of Nebraska is Lincoln.
The largest city is Omaha.
There are two major climatic zones in Nebraska: the eastern half of the state has a humid continental climate, and the western half, a semi-arid climate.
Economy
Nebraska has a large agricultural sector and is an important producer of beef, pork, corn and soybeans. Other important economic sectors include transport, manufacturing, telecommunications, information technology and insurance.
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania is a U.S. state that is located in the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States, and the Great Lakes region. The Appalachian Mountains run through the middle of the state. Pennsylvania became a state in 1787.
Pennsylvania
The population is 12,773,801people.
The capital is Harrisburg.
The largest city is Philadelphia.
The flower of the state is mountain laurel.  A deer is an animal of the state.
The climate in the most parts of the state is temperate continental, with hot summers and cool winters.
Economy
Pennsylvania is one of the top-ranking industrial states in the USA.  It is famous for the production of pig iron and steel.
There are many machine-building factories in this state. Pennsylvania is famous  for the production of the legendary Harley-Davidson motorcycles.
Also Pennsylvania has a large agricultural sector. This state produces corn, wheat, potatoes, grapes, various fruits.


title: Презентация на тему: The State Emblem of the United States of America

text:
200stran.ru
serfilatov.livejournal.com
by-time.ru
m.fanparty.ru
referatyi.ru
vlastinet.7bb.ru
smotri.com
karatsouba.com
The State Emblem of

 the United States of America
   The symbol of the country is the BALD-HEADED EAGLE with its wings  spread on a white background.
   Five thousand years ago the original Americans chose the eagle as the emblem to symbolise their power.
This bird lives only in
the USA and Canada.
   In 1782, Congress selected the bald eagle as the emblem of the newly-formed state to show the courage and might of nation.


title: Презентация на тему: Тест к учебнику «Starlight 5»

text:
 Choose the correct item.
1 My favourite ........ is reading.
 A game    B sport    C class     D hobby
2 My mother has got long, ........ hair.
 A slim   B straight    C plump     D full
3 Who is your ........ athlete?
 A best    C favourite     B popular    D famous
4 The colours of the UK ........ are red, white and blue.
A nation    C flag    B symbol    D country
5 Anna is good ........ basketball.
 A for    B to     C from     D at
6 ........ is your surname?
A What      B Where       C How
7 Hockey is the ........ sport in Canada.
A popular     C most popular     B more popular
8 ........ Simon play the guitar?
A Has      B Is       C Can
9 Anna and Celeste are from Italy. ....... are Italian.
A Their     B They      C We


title: Презентация на тему: Тест Местоимения

text:
20
5
1.2
True
True
False
True
5
True
1
04:56
somewhere
any
anyone
no
1
0
2
0
3
0
4
0
5
0
nothing
2
04:55
their
them
him
our
1
0
2
0
3
0
4
0
5
0
they
3
04:54
myself
ourselves
yourself
themselves
1
0
2
0
3
0
4
0
5
0
our
4
04:54
anything
any
something
nothing
1
0
2
0
3
0
4
0
5
0
some
5
its
she
hers
her
1
0
2
0
3
0
4
0
5
0
them
6
Who
What
Whose
Whom
1
0
2
0
3
0
4
0
5
0
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7
anything
something
somebody
nobody
1
0
2
0
3
0
4
0
5
0
anybody
8
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It
She
I
1
0
2
0
3
0
4
0
5
0
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9
whose
whom
what
his
1
0
2
0
3
0
4
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5
0
who
10
the
those
an

1
0
2
0
3
0
4
0
5
0
these
that
11
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This
These

1
0
2
0
3
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4
0
5
0
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12
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1
0
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13
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1
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14
much
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1
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15
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1
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16
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17
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18
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title: Презентация на тему: The Story of Thanksgiving

text:
The Story

Thanksgiving

Of
The Story Of Thanksgiving

A long time ago in England a group of people were being treated unfairly for wanting to worship as they thought best.  They decided to leave their homes and journey to the country called Holland.  These people were later called Pilgrims.

The Pilgrims did not like the city.  After living 12
years in Holland, they decided to leave and go to the
New World in North America.
There were many reasons for leaving England:
 Some wanted religious freedom
 Some wanted to find better work
 Some wanted adventure
The Pilgrims sailed back to England to get on a ship sailing to America.  The ship was called the Mayflower.  The Mayflower was a sailing ship made to carry things or cargo, not people.  The ship was very crowed with 102 passengers and 30 sailors.
 Among the 102 Pilgrims there were
 34 children.  One baby was born.
 His name was Oceanus Hopkins.
 Can you think why?
England
The Mayflower left England in
September, 1620.  The journey took
66 days.  The Pilgrims sailed 3,000
miles from England to North America.
The journey was not easy.  The boat
was crowded.  The seas were stormy.
The people got sick.

There was little food.

There were bugs everywhere.
 They made many
 plans.

The Pilgrims landed
first on Cape Cod in
Massachusetts.

It was November,
1620 and winter
was coming.
The Pilgrim
men wrote
and signed
the Mayflower
Compact.
It was a list
of rules for
everyone to
follow.

It gave the
people the
right to
choose their  leader.

They voted John Carver to be the governor.
In December the Pilgrims decided to find a better place to spend the winter.  They sailed across the harbor to Plymouth beach.
They found a deserted Native American village. They decided to stay there.
The men found some Indian seed corn.

They built houses.

The winter was hard.  They
ran out of food.  One story says that some days they only had 5 kernels of dry corn to eat.

Many became sick and
 died that first winter.
Samoset brought the chief, Massasoit, and another friend, Squanto.  They signed a peace treaty with the Pilgrims.

Squanto decided to live with the Pilgrims.
Squanto taught the Pilgrims
many things.  He taught them
to plant corn, to hunt and fish.
Most important was the respect
he taught the Pilgrims to have
for the land and the gifts of
the earth.

They had a good harvest.

 The Pilgrims wanted to celebrate and thank God for
 His Blessings.

They decided to celebrate a thanksgiving and invite their new friends.
Since it was the time of the Native American Green Corn Festival, their new friends were happy to come to celebrate.
They brought deer, turkeys, eels, geese, and ducks.
About 90 Native Americans came to the  celebration.
The First Thanksgiving celebration lasted three days. The Pilgrims and Native Americans feasted on:
 Wild turkey, deer, duck
 Leeks, wild berries, ground nuts, green vegetables
Oysters, clams, eel
Pumpkin pudding and cornmeal mush
They ate on long, wood plank tables set outside.  They had races, wrestling matches, dances, and they sang together.
Thanksgiving did not become a holiday until October 1863 when Abraham Lincoln was   President.
Comparing Yourself to a Pilgrim Child
Travel Trunks
Write a Poem
Create a Timeline
Rules to Live By
Create a Thankful Collage
Set the Table for Thanksgiving

Choose a book to read.
Compare a day of your life to a day in the life of a Pilgrim child.  Use the diagram to help organize your ideas.  Write a paragraph to show how your day and the day of a Pilgrim child are alike.
Comparing Yourself to a Pilgrim Child
Travel Trunks
Because the Mayflower was a cargo ship, space was limited. Each family was given a trunk to fill with things they needed.
Get the trunk pattern from your teacher.
Fill the trunk by drawing the things you would want to take with you on a journey today.
Write the items on the list and put the list in the slit on the trunk.
Follow the directions to write a Pyramid Poem.
 Line 1 is the subject.
 Line 2 has 2 adjectives that describe the subject.
 Line 3 has 3 -ing words          that describe the subject.
 Line 4 has 2 statements.
 Illustrate your poem.

              Turkey
          fat, round
     running, eating, gobbling
Create a Timeline
Use the Time Line Program on the Computer or draw a timeline
Include these dates: September, 1620; November, 1620; December, 1620; April, 1621; Autumn, 1621
Illustrate each event
Rules to Live By
Pilgrim children did not go to school.  They learned to read the bible and were expected to memorize and recite psalms.
...with Thanksgiving, present your requests to God.			    						(Philippians 4:6)

Draw a picture of you and your family giving thanks
to God.

On your paper, write or draw about something you
want to ask God.
Get this pattern from your teacher.  Cut out magazine pictures of things you are thankful for and glue them on the cornucopia.
The Pilgrims declared a day of Thanksgiving to thank God for the bountiful harvest.
Think of one or two things for which to give thanks. On a paper plate, write a sentence about something you are thankful for.
http://archnet.uconn.edu/topical/historic/plimoth/plimoth.html
http://libraries.mit.edu/rvc/kidder/MA55.html
http://www.plimoth.org/Education/kidspage.htm
http://teacher.scholastic.com/thanksgiving/mayflower/index.htm
http://teacher.scholastic.com/thanksgiving/plygame/playit.asp
http://teacher.scholastic.com/thanksgiving/mayflower/tour/index.htm
http://www.ocmayflower.org/compact.htm
http://www.geocities.com/EnchantedForest/Cottage/1896/Thanksbackgrounds.html
http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Village/1167/thanksgiving_set1.htm
http://www.annieshomepage.com/thanksgiving2.html
http://www.geocities.com/Wellesley/9402/bg0.html
http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Hills/7101/thanksgiving.html
http://www.geocities.com/Area51Dimension/9911/athanksgiving/clipart/a.html
 cargo: goods carried on a ship
 governor: person who is the leader of a place
 journey: traveling from one place to another
 Pilgrims: persons on a journey
 right: something that is due a person
 treaty: an agreement
 unfairly: unjust, not right
 worship: prayer in honor of God


title: Презентация на тему: Тест – тренировка употребления артиклей

text:
Master your articles!
Use the correct article:
1.
This is ... dog
the
an
a
2.
a
-
3.
Black is ... good dog.
a
an
the
4.
His place is in the corner of ... my room
-
anan
1.
... my sister is very young.
a
-
2.
Her name is ... Mary.
-
3.
Mary has many ... friends.
a
-
the
4.
I see  ... books on the table.
an
a
-
the
the
the
a
the
Go on
Rule page
Back
Remember!
?
TEST


title: Презентация на тему: Тест по теме каникулы

text:
English people celebrate Christmas
 on the 25th of December
 on the 31st of December
 on the 7th of January
English people celebrate Halloween
 on the 30th of November
 on the 31st of October
 on the first Sunday of October
 on the 8th of March
 on the 14th of February
 on the 1st of May
 on the 17th of March
 on the 1st of March
 on the 23rd of April
English people celebrate Easter
 on the 1st of May
 on the 1st of March
 at the end of March or in April
On the 1st of April English people celebrate
In  Britain  the school  year begins  on  the
first Tuesday of September
first Monday of September
first of September
 in June
 in July
 in August
 in June
 in March
 in April
English people celebrate Christmas
 on the 25th of December
 on the 31st of December
 on the 7th of January
English people celebrate Halloween
 on the 30th of November
 on the 31st of October
 on the first Sunday of October
 on the 8th of March
 on the 14th of February
 on the 1st of May
 on the 17th of March
 on the 1st of March
 on the 23rd of April
English people celebrate Easter
 on the 1st of May
 on the 1st of March
 at the end of March or in April
On the 1st of April English people celebrate
In  Britain  the school  year begins  on  the
first Tuesday of September
first Monday of September
first of September
 in June
 in July
 in August
English people celebrate Christmas
 on the 25th of December
 on the 31st of December
 on the 7th of January
English people celebrate Halloween
 on the 30th of November
 on the 31st of October
 on the first Sunday of October
 on the 8th of March
 on the 14th of February
 on the 1st of May
 on the 17th of March
 on the 1st of March
 on the 23rd of April
English people celebrate Easter
 on the 1st of May
 on the 1st of March
 at the end of March or in April
On the 1st of April English people celebrate
In  Britain  the school  year begins  on  the
first Tuesday of September
first Monday of September
first of September
 in June
 in July
 in August


title: Презентация на тему: The structure of goverment in the UK and the USA

text:
Gayev Alexander
      10th Form
	The Queen is officially head of all the branches
of government, but she has little direct power in the
country. The constitution has three branches: Parliament,
 which makes laws, the government, which <<executes>>
laws (puts them into effect) and the courts, which interpret
laws. Parliament has two parts: the House of Commons
and the House of Lords. Members of the House of
Commons are elected by the voters of 650 constituencies.
They are known as Members of Parliament. The Prime
Minister is advised by a Cabinet of about twenty other ministers.

The Prime Minister, or leader of the Government, is usually the leader of the political party. The Cabinet includes the ministers in charge of major government departments or ministries. Departments and ministries are run by civil servants, who are permanent officials. Even if the Government changes after an election, the same civil servants are employed. Members of the House of Lords are not elected. About 70 per cent of them are <<hereditary peers>> because their fathers were peers before them. 30 per sent are officially appointed by the Queen, on the advice of the Government, for various services for people.
The Monarch
Is the official head of state and an integral part of Parliament in her constitutional role; has mostly representative functions; gives the royal assent to the House of Lords; is the head of the Commonwealth of Nations
The Government
The Prime Minister
Is the head of government; is the leader of the party with the majority seats in the House of Commons
The Cabinet
About 20 ministers; determines policies and coordinates government departments
Parliament
The  House of Commons
The House of Lords
The Official Opposition
The largest opposition party; forms the Shadow Cabinet
(over 1100 permanent, non-elected members; peers and life peers) examines and revises bills from the House of Commons; can delay bills for one year
People
(all men and women over 18)
chooses
chooses
elect
Is responsible to
officially appoints life peers
officially appoints
Congress
The House of Representatives
435 members
The Senate
100 members
The Administration
The President
The Vice President
The Cabinet
Secretaries as heads
Of the most
Important
Departments in the Administration
The People
All men and women over 18
approve
elect
elect
appoints


title: Презентация на тему: ТЕСТ - ОПРОС

text:
ТЕСТ - ОПРОС
1. Who created the steam machine? (Кто создал первую паровую машину?)
1. J. Watt
2. G. Stephenson
3. R. Trevethik
ОК!
TRY AGAIN!
2.Who created the first steam train?(Кто создал первый паровоз?)
2. R. Trevethik
3. J. Watt
1. The Cherepanovs
ОК!
TRY AGAIN!
3. Whose steam train was successful?(Чей паровоз был удачным?)
1. J. Watt
2. G. Stephenson
3. R. Trevethik
ОК!
TRY AGAIN!
4. Who built the first steam train in Russia?(Кто построил первый паровоз в России?)
2. R. Trevethik
3. J. Watt
1. The Cherepanovs
ОК!
TRY AGAIN!
5. What monument can you see in Bataysk on the Railway Square? (Какой памятник можно увидеть в Батайске на Вокзальной площади?)
2. steam-locomotive
3. A.S.Pushkin
1. bus
ОК!
TRY AGAIN!
CONGRATULATION!!!
THE END


title: Презентация на тему: The Siege of Leningrad

text:
Presentation on "The Siege of Leningrad".
  Fulfilled: student class 9b Shahova Asma.
The Siege of Leningrad - a military blockade . Lasted from September 8, 1941 to January 27, 1944 (the blockade ring was broken January 18, 1943) - 872 days.
By the beginning of the blockade of the city did not have enough in terms of food supplies and fuel. The only way communication with Leningrad remained Ladoga, is within the reach of artillery besiegers.
As a result, started in Leningrad famine, made worse by the harsh winter of the blockade first, problems with heating and transport, has led to hundreds of thousands of deaths among residents.
Plan Barbarossa
The capture of Leningrad was part of a plan developed by Nazi Germany war against the Soviet Union - a plan "Barbarossa". It provided that the Soviet Union must be completely destroyed within 3-4 months of the summer and autumn of 1941, that is, in a lightning war ("Blitzkrieg"). By November 1941, German troops were to capture the entire European part of the USSR. According to the plan "Ost" ("East") was assumed for years to destroy large parts of the Soviet Union, primarily Russian, Ukrainians and Belarusians, and all Jews and gypsies - all at least 30 million people. None of the people inhabiting the Soviet Union, should not have the right to statehood or autonomy.
Soviet-Finnish war 1941-1944 years
Starting from June 21, 1941 Finland started to conduct military operations against the Soviet Union. June 29, 1941 Finnish troops by clicking the border, began ground operation against the USSR.
Output forces opponents to Leningrad
In the first 18 days of the onset of the 4th Panzer Group fought the enemy was more than 600 kilometers. July 5-6, enemy troops occupied the city, and on July 9 - Pskov, located 280 kilometers from Leningrad. From Pskov, the shortest way is to Leningrad to Kiev highway, going through the Meadow. Luga defense line was well prepared in engineering terms: fortifications were built 175 kilometers long and a total depth of 10-15 kilometers. Defenses built by the citizens of Leningrad, most of them women and children (the men went into the army and militia).In Luga fortified area was delayed the German advance. Dispatches a team of German troops to headquarters: Panzer Group Hoepner, Vanguard is exhausted and tired, only slightly advanced toward Leningrad .  Hepner offensive stopped ... Russian fighting, as always, with great ferocity. Only in 1941, has built more than 700 tanks left in the city. During the same time it was released 480 armored vehicles and 58 armored trains, often armed with powerful naval guns. At Rzhev artillery range combat capability was found naval guns caliber 406 mm.
August 14-15, the Germans managed to break through the wetland, June 29, crossed the border, the Finnish army began fighting on the Karelian Isthmus. July 31 launched a major offensive in the direction of the Finnish Leningrad. By early September, the Finns went existed prior to the signing of a peace treaty in 1940 the old Soviet-Finnish border
September 6, 1941, Hitler issued an order stopping the offensive forces of the "North" in Leningrad, have already reached the suburbs of the city, and gives orders to Marshal Leeb Heppner give all the tanks and a significant number of troops in order to "as soon as possible" to launch an attack on Moscow.
In this situation, Hitler actually imagined the huge losses it would suffer by joining the urban fighting, its decision condemned its population to starvation.

The German attack on the Soviet Union and Finland.
Leningrad defensive operation
In late August 1941, the German offensive was resumed. German troops broke through the defensive line Luga and headed to Leningrad. September 8 enemy reached the Lake Ladoga, captured Shlisselburg, taking control of the source of the Neva, and blockaded Leningrad from the land. This day is considered the beginning of the siege. Severed all rail, river and road communications.
Soldiers defending Leningrad these days, were killed. Leeb continued success on the nearest approaches to the city. In the end, the enemy stopped at 4-7 km from the city, in fact, in the suburbs. Despite the proximity of the front, Kirov Plant stop working throughout the siege. From the factory to the front line even went tram. It was the usual tram from the city center to the suburbs, but now it is used to transport troops and ammunition.

Change in tactics of war
Battles of Leningrad did not stop, but changed their character. German troops began the destruction of heavy artillery shelling and bombing. Particularly strong were bombing and artillery strikes in October - November 1941. The Germans dropped on Leningrad thousands of incendiary bombs to cause massive fires.
However, contrary to popular belief, the bombing could not be the main cause of the ensuing food crisis, as Leningrad, as any other metropolis, is equipped with "wheels", and food stocks destroyed, along with warehouses, the city would be enough for only a few days . So, hunger has become the most important factor determining the fate of the population of Leningrad. Blockade imposed by the German army, was deliberately aimed at the extinction of the urban population.
The winter of 1941-1942
November 20 - the fifth time the population and for the third time troops - had to reduce the bread ration standards. Soldiers on the front line began to receive 500 grams a day, the workers - 250 grams, employees, dependents and soldiers, are not on the front line - 125 grams. And except for the bread, almost nothing. In besieged Leningrad famine.
Workers - 250 grams of bread per day, Employees, dependents and children up to 12 years - 125 grams Paramilitary security personnel, firefighters, fighter units, vocational schools and schools FZO, who was on the boiler allowance - 300 grams The troops of the first line - 500 grams.
Card at the time of the siege of Leningrad bread
The deteriorating situation in the city.
In November 1941, the situation deteriorated citizens. Deaths from starvation became widespread. Special funeral service daily in the streets picked up only about a hundred corpses.
The number of victims of hunger was growing rapidly - every day in Leningrad died more than 4,000 people, which is a hundred times greater than the rate of fatalities in peacetime. There were days when he died 6-7 thousand people. Only in December, 52,881 people died, a loss in January-February - 199 187 people. Male mortality significantly higher than women - for every 100 deaths had an average of 63 men and 37 women. By the end of the war, women made up the bulk of the urban population.
In the spring of 1942, due to the warming and better nutrition, significantly reduced the number of sudden deaths in the streets. Thus, in February, the streets were picked up about 7,000 corpses, in April - about 600, and in May - 50 corpses. In March 1942, all able-bodied citizens came out to clear the city of garbage. In April-May 1942, there was a further improvement in the living conditions of the population: the restoration of utilities. Resumed operations of many companies.
Reducing street deaths.
Restoration of urban public transport.
The restoration of the tram services of the city, launched cargo tram. April 15, 1942 was given to the central voltage substation and put regular passenger tram. To re-open the cargo and passenger traffic, it took to restore about 150 km overhead system - about half of all the exploited while the network. Start trolley spring of 1942 the city government considered it inappropriate.
1944.Complete liberation of Leningrad from the enemy blockade.
January 20, Soviet troops have made significant progress: the Leningrad Front defeated Krasnoselsk-Ropshinsk enemy forces, and parts of the Volkhov Front liberated Novgorod. This allowed 21 January Govorov and AA Zhdanov appeal to Stalin: Due to the complete liberation of Leningrad from the enemy blockade and the shelling of the enemy please allow: 1. Publish and post on this order to the troops of the front. 2. In honor of the victory, produce in Leningrad January 27 c / g at 20.00 hours salute of twenty-four artillery salvoes of three hundred and twenty-four guns. Stalin approved a request from the command of the Leningrad front and 27 January in Leningrad was produced fireworks in honor of the final liberation of the city from the siege, which lasted 872 days.
Results of the blockade.
Over the years of blockade were killed, according to various estimates, from 300,000 to 1.5 million. So, at the Nuremberg trials featured the number 632 000 people. Only 3% of them died from the bombing and shelling, and the remaining 97% died of hunger.
Most died in the siege of Leningrad residents buried at Memorial Cemetery Piskaryovskoye in the Vyborg.
In a long line of graves lie the victims of the blockade, which number only in this cemetery is 640 000 people died of starvation, and more than 17,000 people who have been victims of air raids and artillery shelling. The total number of civilian deaths in the city during the war more than 1.2 million people.
In the park built a chapel and a monument to the "trolley" - one of the worst sites of St. Petersburg. At these trolleys were taken to the nearby quarry after burning in furnaces of the plant remains of the dead.
Monuments of the defense of Leningrad.
One of the monuments "Rzhev corridor" on the road of the Revolution
Piskariovskoye  Memorial Cemetery
Rotunda in Spb victory park


title: Презентация на тему: The strangest sports

text:
The strangest sports
Prepared
Natalia Semeniyk
Competitions beards and mustaches
That is, since 2007, this former carnival recognized sporting competition. What sport to wear beards and mustaches - is unclear, but now things are so. You may have heard about this competition, where men boast about who original beard and mustache. There are beautiful specimens alike. But I think that the sport is still not drawn
Harassment cheese
Every year in the UK, Gloucester, people going on the slope of hill, cheese and cheese-maker pulls the head of the hill. And rolling very quickly, that's understandable - but a lot of people it seeks to catch up. In principle, more or less sports. Now this - the official sport (well, at least at the Olympic Games is not yet chasing cheese).
Foot-wrestling
By analogy with the arm-wrestling, here we see foot-wrestling where participants try to beat up another person. Believe it or not, there is another official sport. Generally interesting to see how some "sports", invented by bored at parties guests turn to sport at the official level.
Race with wives
Race with his wife on his shoulders - employment Finnish men who thus compete with each other. The purpose of the race - to win other competitors, and the terrain on which you want to run, not exactly easy - here and pits, water and much more.
Underwater hockey
Clearly, underwater hockey is not the most spectacular sports - who can observe the movement of small washers under plenty of water, even in the pool? The water is quite inhibits movement participants, and makes the game so ridiculous. And so too will remember that it is also a sport. Perhaps this is the most fun sport of all presented above.


title: Презентация на тему: Тест по английскому языку

text:
Тест по теме VERB TENSES
Начать тест
Результат теста
Верно: 26
Ошибки: 0
Отметка: 5
Время: 5 мин. 29 сек.
ещё
исправить
1. Выберите слова-признаки времени
 Present Simple
often
every day
usually
now
at this moment
tomorrow
исправить
ответ готов!
2. Выберите слова-признаки времени
Future Simple
soon
next week

tomorrow

now
yesterday

usually

исправить
ответ готов!
3. Выберите слова-признаки времени
 Past Simple
a month ago
last year
yesterday
now
at this moment
tomorrow
исправить
ответ готов!
4. Выберите слова-признаки времени
 Present Continuous
now
right now
at this moment
often
yesterday
usually
исправить
ответ готов!
My brother ______ to play football.
5. Выберите правильный ответ:

likes

don’t like

like

Call them.  They _____ football in the yard.
6. Выберите правильный ответ:

are playing
playing

play

I  _____  to school every day.
7. Выберите правильный ответ:

go
am going

is going

Does she like to play computer games?
8. Выберите правильный ответ:
Yes, she does.

Yes, she like.

No, she does.

Last summer we _____to Moscow.
9. Выберите правильный ответ:
didn’t go
goes

go

Listen! She ________ the guitar.
10. Выберите правильный ответ:
is playing

don't play
plays
She _______ her car yesterday.
11. Выберите правильный ответ:
washed
wash

do not wash

My sister  ______ to music now.
12. Выберите правильный ответ:

is listening

listened

listens

I  __________  chess tomorrow.
13. Выберите правильный ответ:
will play
play
am playing
In summer the sun _____brightly.
14. Выберите правильный ответ:

shines

is shining

shined

She ____ mother in the kitchen every day.
15. Выберите правильный ответ:
helps
will help
is helping
They ____ Mary last Monday.
16. Выберите правильный ответ:
saw
see

don’t  see

My sister ________ coffee.
17. Выберите правильный ответ:
does not like

do not like

not like

I like tea, but now I _____ coffee.
18. Выберите правильный ответ:

am having

has

have

I am busy. I _______ my bed.
19. Выберите правильный ответ:

am making

make

made

I always _____ my bed before breakfast.
20. Выберите правильный ответ:

make

is making

made

We _______ to the zoo tomorrow.
21. Выберите правильный ответ:
will not go

don’t  go
went
My brother  _____ me to the zoo every month.
22. Выберите правильный ответ:
takes

is taking
will take
I _______ the poem now.
23. Выберите правильный ответ:
am not learning
not learning

learn

He _______ football every day.
24. Выберите правильный ответ:

does not play

 is playing

do not play

25. Найдите в тексте ошибки и исправьте их.
 Тест завершен
Посмотреть  результат теста


title: Презентация на тему: The subjunctive mood

text:
THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD
The 6th Form
THE INDICATIVE MOOD(All actions are real)
Make up the sentences:


title: Презентация на тему: The Story of St. Valentine (История святого Валентина)

text:
 The Story of St. Valentine…
  История святого Валентина…

St. Valentine was a Christian priest who lived in 270 A.D.
Святой Валентин был христианским священником, который жил в 270 н.э.

At that time, the
Roman government controlled much of the world.
The Roman government needed many soldiers to protect its lands. Emperor
Claudius II decided that married men did not make good soldiers because they
wanted to stay at home with their wives and children. He made a very strange
law that said young men were not allowed to marry. He also said that any priest
who married a young couple would be put to death.
 В то время, Рим контролировал большинство стран мира.
Правительству было необходимо много римских солдат для защиты своей земли. Император
Клавдий II решил, что женатые мужчины не могут  быть хорошими  солдатами, потому что они
хотели оставаться дома со своими женами и детьми. Он издал очень странный
закон, который говорит, что молодым людям не разрешается вступать в брак. Он также сказал, что любой священник, который женит  молодую пару будет предан смерти.

    People fall in love….

Люди влюблялись…

A priest named Valentine disobeyed the Emperor. He secretly married many
young couples. When the Emperor found out, he had Valentine imprisoned.
Священник по имени Валентин ослушался императора. Он тайно женил молодые пары. Когда император узнал об этом, сразу же посадил Валентина в тюрьму.
Valentine was beheaded for his disobedience on February,14. Since Valentine had helped lovers, the day he died became a day for people to express love for others…
Валентин был обезглавлен за непослушание  14 февраля. Поскольку Валентин помогал влюбленным,  день его смерти стал, днем в который влюбленные могут выражать свою любовь…


text:
40
40
1
True
True
True
True
40
True
5klass.net
Simple
Continuous

am
is
are
Ving
do/does
Always
Usually
Every day
Sometimes
Once a year
Now
At the moment

1
We ___ a picnic at the moment.
are have
 are having
have
1
0
2
1
3
0

2
I ___ him a postcard now.
write
 am writing
writes
1
0
2
1
3
0

3
How ___ to work?
does you usually get
 are you usually getting
do you usually get
1
0
2
0
3
1
4
1
1
2
0
3
0
Jenny always ___ nice expensive clothes.
wears
is wearing
wear
5
She ___ French when she was at school.
1
0
2
0
3
1
sleeps
is sleep
is sleeping
6
My uncle ___ a yacht last week.
1
0
2
1
3
0
These jeans ___ much.
are not costing
7
I ___ the bills last month.
1
0
2
1
3
0
His eyes are closed. He ___ at you.
8
_ a new TV program yesterday?
1
1
2
0
3
0
Mark and Greg always ___ home before 9 p.m.
come
comes
are coming
9
1
0
2
0
3
1
___ your boyfriend often invite you to the cinema?
Do
Is
Does
10
Gradpa is sleeping.
Gradpa sleeping.
Gradpa is sleep.
Gradpa not  sleeps.
1
1
2
0
3
0
4
1
5
0
6
1
Past Simple
Present Perfect

have
has
V3 (ed)
Did V1

Just
Recently
Already
never
Ever
yet

11
The film was boring. I ___ it.
1
0
2
0
3
1
12
1
0
2
1
3
0
Look! The car ___ into the wall.
crashed
has just crashed
has just crash
13
We ___ last night due to the nasty weather.
1
0
2
0
3
1
14
1
0
2
1
3
0
has finish
has finished
finished
15
When ___ the first airplane?
did they invented
did they invent
have they invented
1
0
2
1
3
0
16
My grandfather ___ violin very well
when he was young.
can play
could play
could played
1
0
2
1
3
0
17
1
0
2
0
3
1
Where is your purse? I ___ it.
was lost
has lost
have lost
18
We ___ a lot last year.
did travel
travelled
have travelled
1
0
2
1
3
0
19
When ___ Maria?
did you last see
have you last seen
you last saw
1
1
2
0
3
0
20
.
1
1
2
0
3
0
_ yet?
Has the rain stopped
Has the rain stop
Did the rain  stopped
21
How much time ___ in Germany last month?
did you spend
did you spent
have you spended
1
1
2
0
3
0
22
new garage? When ___ your
1
0
2
1
3
0
We ___ to France recently.
moved
have moved
has moved
23
1
1
2
0
3
0
What a pity! Ted ___ his tennis racket.
 has just broken
have just broken
brake
24
began
drink
ate
drank
went
drawn
1
1
2
0
3
1
4
1
5
1
6
0
25
broken
drink
gone
drank
known
seen
1
1
2
0
3
1
4
1
5
1
6
1
26
1
2
3
4
1
1
2
1
3
1
4
0
27
1
2
3
4
1
1
2
0
3
1
4
0
28
1
2
3
4
1
0
2
1
3
0
4
0
29
1
2
3
4
1
1
2
1
3
1
4
0
30
1
2
3
4
1
0
2
0
3
0
4
1
31
1
2
3
4
1
0
2
1
3
1
4
0
32
1
2
3
4
1
0
2
1
3
1
4
0
I
MYSELF
YOU
YOURSELF
SHE
HERSELF
HE
HIMSELF
IT
ITSELF
YOU
YOURSELVES
WE
OURSELVES
THEY
THEMSELVES
33
My little sister fell down and hurt _________.
herself
himself
yourself
1
1
2
0
3
0
34
Did you repaired the bike _______, boys?
1
0
2
0
3
1
yourself
himself
yourselves
35
My sister and I read this book ___________
1
1
2
0
3
0
ourselves
myself
herself
36
I did it __________
1
0
2
1
3
0
herself
myself
meself
37
My dog goes for a walk __________
1
0
2
0
3
1
herself
myself
itself
38
Help __________
1
0
2
0
3
1
ourselves
myself
yourself
39
They saw __________ in the mirrow.
1
0
2
0
3
1
themself
ourselves
themselves


title: Презентация на тему: Тест. 5в класс

text:
http://aida.ucoz.ru
That
This
these
A
The
-
A) live
B) Are
C) is
A) a chair
B) chair
C) two chairs
That
This
these
A
The
-
A) live
B) Are
C) is
A) a chair
B) chair
C) two chairs

The   END
 is
Are
am
A
The
An

The   END
http://aida.ucoz.ru


title: Презентация на тему: The study of the American Democracy in today's world

text:
The Study of the American Democracy in Today's World
    To elicit the contradictions between the main principles
    of a democratic system and their modern realization in
    the USA.
         With this goal in mind we identified the main tasks:
To study the concepts of democracy.
To outline all kinds of democracy.
To trace the history of the development of democracy in America.
To study the foundations of the democratic government of the USA.
To examine the current policies of the USA in regard of their compliance with democratic principles.
The Concepts of Democracy
Direct or indirect (through elective representatives) governance of the country by people;
The State, the country, the community, which has the democratic government;
Governing of the majority;
Perception and realization of the principle of equality of rights and freedom of citizens, as well as their opportunities.
Kinds of Democracy
Indirect democracy
Representative democracy
Parliamentary democracy
Liberal democracy
Constitutional democracy
Direct democracy
Socialist democracy
Anarchist democracy
Sortition
Interactive democracy
The History of the Development of Democracy in America
Foundations of Democracy. Benefits and Costs
Authority
Privacy
Responsibility
Justice
Liberalism and Capitalism in the policy of the USA

In the USA the number of poor people has increased by 6 million people during 2 past years

The  sizes of the biggest fortunes have reached record levels.
Guantanamo
			Beating of prisoners by American soldiers


title: Презентация на тему: The syplabic structure of english

text:
Li8 Structure of English
Syllables
Opening questions
Disperse vs disburse, misdirect vs Mr Ect
What is the longest initial/final consonant sequence in English?
What do English speakers do when handed sequences like kn- (typically in personal names)?
The syllable and its components
English evidence for these components
English phenomena that appear to involve syllable structure
Syllable structure
Maybe also Appendix
Some evidence for syllable components:
Stemberger found in study of speech errors that more than 90% of ordering speech errors invert onset-onset, coda-coda
Syllables
Blends
Experiment 1
Question
Do Onsets and Rimes exist (as suggested by e.g. brunch vs. *blunch)?
Method
Train subjects to combine pairs of well-formed English nonce monosyllables (such as krint and glupth) into a new monosyllable that contains parts of both.
Results
responses like krupth (Onset kr- of the first syllable and Rime -upth of the second) were produced far more often than any other possible combination.
Conclusion
The natural break within English syllables is immediately before the vowel (i.e. Onset vs. Rime).
Blends
Some syllable-based effects
English aspiration
[ph]it : s[p]it
dis[t]end : dis[th]aste
Nickname formation
Andy, *Andry
English r-coloring and other coarticulation effects
Schwa deletion
Vowel hiatus
Generally interpreted as subcase of requirement that all syllables must have an onset
Glottal stop insertion
Article allomorphy
Glide insertion?
R-insertion
Intervocalic C sequences
References
Davidson, Lisa. 2002. Weak Syllable Elision and Gestural Coordination in English. Talk presented at HUMDRUM, University of Massachusetts at Amherst, April 20-21.
Fidelholtz, James. 1975. Word Frequency and Vowel Reduction in English. Robin E. Grossman, L. James San & Timothy J. Vance, eds. Papers from the 11th Regional Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society. 200-213.
Hooper, Joan. 1978. Constraints on schwa-deletion in American English. In J. Fisiak (ed.) Recent developments in historical phonology. The Hague: Mouton. 183-207.
Click to edit Master title style
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Second level
Third level
Fourth level
Fifth level
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Second level
Third level
Fourth level
Fifth level
Experiments from Treiman 1983
Experiments from Treiman 1983