title: Презентация на тему: Стоунхендж

text:
Stonehenge: World Heritage In The United Kingdom.
Location of Stonehenge
Stonehenge is a prehistoric monument located in the English county of Wiltshire about 3.2 kilometres  west of Amesbury and 13 kilometres north of Salisbury.

Plan of Stonehenge
1 = The Altar Stone, a six ton monolith of green micaceous sandstone from Wales
2 = barrow without a burial
3 = "barrows" (without burials)
4 = the fallen Slaughter Stone, 4.9 metres long
5 = the Heel Stone
6 = two of originally four Station Stones
7 = ditch
8 = inner bank
9 = outer bank
10 = The Avenue, a parallel pair of ditches and banks leading 3 km to the River Avon
11 = ring of 30 pits called the Y Holes
12 = ring of 29 pits called the Z Holes
13 = circle of 56 pits, known as the Aubrey holes
14 = smaller southern entrance

Mysterious origin
Astronomy and Stonehenge
The prehistoric monument of Stonehenge has long been studied for its possible connections with ancient astronomy. Archaeoastronomers have claimed that Stonehenge represents an "ancient observatory," although the extent of its use for that purpose is in dispute. Many also believe that the site may have had astrological/spiritual significance attached to it as well.
The discovery of evidence for a neighbour to the Heel Stone has challenged the interpretation of it as a midsummer sunrise marker. The second stone may have instead been one side of a 'solar corridor' used to frame the sunrise.

Druids Temple
The theory that the Druids were responsible may be the most popular one; however, the Celtic society that spawned the Druid priesthood came into being only after the year 300 BC. Additionally, the Druids are unlikely to have used the site for sacrifices, since they performed the majority of their rituals in the woods or mountains, areas better suited for "earth rituals" than an open field.
Stonehenge as a graveyard
There is a theory that Stonehenge was used for burials. Indeed, burials were found on the monuments territory, but they were made much later after Stonehenge had been built.According to news reports, a professor of archeology from the University of Sheffield, Mike Parker Pearson, who manages the Stonehenge Riverside Archaeological Project noted that in his opinion Stonehenge from the very beginning of its existence and to flourish in the third millennium BC  was considered by inhabitants of England  as an area for the burial of the dead.
Legends
Many early historians were influenced by supernatural folktales in their explanations. Some legends held that Merlin had a giant build the structure for him or that he had magically transported it from Mount Killarausin Ireland, while others held the Devil responsible. Henry of Huntingdon was the first to write of the monument around 1130 soon followed by Geoffrey of Monmouth who was the first to record fanciful associations with Merlin which led the monument to be incorporated into the wider cycle of European medieval romance. According to Geoffrey's Historia Regum Britanniae, using his magic Merlin took the circle from its original place in Ireland at the behest of Aurelius Ambrosius to serve as an appropriate burial place for Britain's dead princes.
Conclusion
It’s difficult to judge which of the theories is correct, but from what  I have read I can do the conclusion  that  Stonehenge is  the most mysterious symbol of Britain, which went through the whole history with this country and gives it special charm of mystery and unexploredness .


title: Презентация на тему: St Patricks Day

text:
On March, 17th is a day memories of the patron of Ireland, saint Patrick. Saint Patrick, under the legend, has brought Christianity on Pagan Island and has expelled all snakes.
In honour of saint Patrick parade with songs and dances is arranged, the Irish beer flows like water. Bright processions, parades and walks of the people dressed in green (national colour of Ireland) are appreciable everywhere where Irish live.
CLOVER
 «The same as three sheets can grow from one stalk, and God can be uniform in three persons»
In Ireland there is a tradition to attach to clothes a leaf tree leafing, a symbolizing cross, colour of Catholicism, and symbolical colour most «the emerald country».
LEPRECHAUN
Traditionally in Day of sacred Patrick parades are arranged. On streets there are the people dressed in extravagant suits
DALAY
What animals was banished by Saint Patrick?
Snakes
Colour of clothes which people wear in the Saint Patrick?
Green
success
The second symbol of the Saint Patrick Day?
Leprechaun
Dalay
The end


title: Презентация на тему: Stonehenge

text:
Stonehenge
Approximately 130 kilometers from London there is a very strange place - a bunch of huge stones, neatly arranged in a circle
Ancient Observatory, places of worship of Druids, a landing pad for aliens and even a portal to another dimension - it's Stonehenge.
United Kingdom, Wiltshire, 13 miles from the town of Salisbury. At Stonehenge, there are 82 five-ton megalith, 30 blocks of stone of 25 tons each, and 5 giant trilitov whose weight is 50 tons.
Around 2600 BC, wooden buildings were torn down, and instead appeared majestic stone buildings. At the final stage of construction were established around 1930 trilitov, inside the circle is set horseshoe of five freestanding trilitov.
According to scientists the creators of this facility knew the exact orbital period of the moon and the duration of the solar year.
In 1615 the architect Inigo Jones said that the Romans built a stone monoliths - supposedly it was a temple of a pagan god named Knelus.


title: Презентация на тему: St. Patrick's Day

text:
Everyone wants to be Irish on St. Patrick’s Day
Овсянникова Ирина Владимировна,                         учитель английского языка, МОУ «СОШ №83»,                                   г. Северска, Томской области
Saint Patrick's Day is a religious holiday celebrated internationally on 17 March. It commemorates Saint Patrick (c. AD 387–461), the most commonly recognised of the patron saints of Ireland.
Sacred Patrick, under the legend, has relieved Ireland of paganism and has made Christian, and also has expelled from island of snakes. For Irish it is a holiday of pleasure, fun and coming spring.
Saint Patrick's Day was made an official feast day in the early 17th  century, and has gradually become a secular celebration of Irish culture in general.

Saint Patrick's day associated with green colour. Green ribbons and shamrocks were worn in celebration of St Patrick's Day as early as the 17th   century. The phrase "the wearing of the green", meaning to wear a shamrock on one's clothing.
So the symbols of this day are the Shamrock, Snake and Leprechaun.
Traditionally Irish families wear green and attend church in the morning.
In the afternoon they take part in a festival. The first Saint Patrick's Festival was held on 17 March 1996.
Overall 2009's five day festival saw close to 1 million visitors, who took part in festivities that included concerts, outdoor theatre performances, and fireworks.
Traditional meal is Irish bacon and cabbage.
It is also widely celebrated by the Irish diaspora, especially in places such as Great Britain, Canada, the United States, Argentina, Australia, and New Zealand, among others.

In Great Britain,  Queen Mother used to present bowls of shamrock flown over from Ireland to members of the Irish Guards. The Irish Guards still wear shamrock on this day, flown in from Ireland.
Great Britain
Canada
The longest-running Saint Patrick's Day parade in North America occurs each year in Montreal, the flag of which has a shamrock in one of its corners. The parades have been held in continuity since 1824.
Argentina
In Argentina all-night long parties are celebrated in designated streets. People dance and drink only beer throughout the night, until seven or eight in the morning. Many people wear something green.
New Zealand and Australia
Saint Patrick's Day is widely celebrated in these countries - green items of clothing are traditionally worn and the streets are often filled with revellers drinking and making merry from early afternoon until late at night.
The United States
In every year March has been proclaimed Irish-American Heritage Month by the US Congress or President due to the date of St. Patrick's Day.
Saint Patrick's Day is widely celebrated in America by Irish and non-Irish alike. For most Irish-Americans, this holiday is both religious and festive.
St. Patrick's Day church services are followed by parades and parties, Irish music, songs, and dances.
It is one of the leading days for consumption of alcohol in the United States, as individuals are allowed to break their Lenten sacrifices for the day in order to celebrate Saint Patrick's Day.
Many people choose to wear green coloured clothing and items. Traditionally, those who are caught not wearing green are pinched affectionately.
Resources
http://www.slideshare.net/indezine_powerpoint/st-patricks-day-256214
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Day

Image resources
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/86/Saint_Patrick_%28window%29.jpg
http://www.catholiclibrary.ie/images/small_patrick.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0c/Irish_clover.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/Quebecstpatrickparade.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Happy_Saint_Patrick%27s_Day_2010%2C_Dublin%2C_Ireland%2C_the_green_luck%2C_the_green_love%2C.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/St_Patrick%27s_Day_-_Trafalgar_Square_March_2006.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/49/Sydney_Opera_House_St_Patricks_2010a.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Green_Fountain_at_White_House_on_St_Patricks_Day%2C_2009.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/PostcardStPatricksDaySouvinir1912.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/Chicago_River_dyed_green%2C_buildings_more_prominent.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/St_Pattys_New_Orleans_-_sea_of_green_03.jpg
http://holidaypromos.files.wordpress.com/2008/03/stpatrickb.jpg?w=500

http://www.tahminkazan.com/?fdf=st-patty's-pictures-U1MNxxQkD/I/IE9WLSFfMXOxyNYIEOYNqdt7lWwf9azkjHJWq5m2jwj_87a4_RBxfhZesJYiiIrqOpkTgoIO9HD3JvXC0VGslccXX0HxtPRy1aTamNamS62ndFrQZg==geg.jpg
http://www.thegardenhelper.com/pixpg/graphics/shamrock.JPG
http://howsweetthesound.typepad.com/.a/6a00e550d89fd9883401310fac8b5d970c-600wi
http://blog.vegas.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/st_patricks_day.jpg
http://party-supplies-mall.com/st-patricks-day/st-patricks-day-7.jpg
http://www.360blog.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/03/staptricks2.jpg
http://www.polosaty.ru/upload/20101230/im1268948297025940689.jpg
http://www.stpatrickschurchrestorationfund.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Statue-of-St.-Patrick.jpg
http://29.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_kzffio4BAe1qbqy70o1_400.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/Ireland-St_Patrick.jpg
http://0.tqn.com/d/paganwiccan/1/0/o/2/-/-/StPattySnakes.JPG
http://www.wrcoc.org/uploads/posts/2010-03/1268611593_1268602016_st.-patrick.jpg
http://www.disputeresolutioncounsel.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/CornedBeefCabbage.jpg
http://hostedmedia.reimanpub.com/TOH/Images/Photos/37/exps45618_FF1450927D02_26_5b.jpg
http://www.reluctantgourmet.com/images/corned_beef_cabbage_recipe.jpg
http://www.alighthouse.com/lepclovertop.jpg


title: Презентация на тему: Столица свадеб Британии

text:
Prezented.Ru
Every St Valentine's Day, thousands of people travel to a small village on Scotland's border with England. Many of them go to get married, and many more couples go through mock wedding ceremonies to "renew their marriage vows". The village is Gretna Green and it's sometimes called Britain's wedding capital .
Why Gretna Green?
Gretna's romantic reputation began 250 years ago. In 1754, English Parliament passed a law banning young people under the age of twenty-one to get married without their parents' permission.
In Scotland, however, this law did not apply. Traditionally, a man and a woman over the age of sixteen could get married by declaring themselves husband and wife in front of two witnesses.
So what was a young couple to do if they were in love and under 21 ? Why, flee to Scotland of course. And Gretna Green was the first village on the Scottish side of the border.
Over the Anvil
Early Gretna runaways got married in the local Blacksmith's Shop. Scotland's marriage law allowed any responsible adult to conduct wedding ceremonies and Gretna's blacksmith was the most important person in the village.
The marriage ceremony was short and simple. The "anvil priest" first asked the couple their names and addresses, then told them to stand up, and asked if they were single and if they were both there of their own free will.
On their "yes" answers, he filled out the certificate and proceeded to the heart of the ceremony including the groom placing a ring on his bride's left hand, and an admonition, "What God joins together let no man put asunder." Then he hit the hammer over the anvil and declared the couple man and wife.
Big Business
Very soon Gretna Green weddings became so popular that the blacksmith could no longer satisfy the demand on his own and the village had to get more "anvil priests". They were a colourful set of characters.
    If word came that an angry father (often armed with a gun) was approaching Gretna Green, he helped them find a hiding place.
   One of the last  "anvil priests", Richard Rennison, married 5,147 couples in the Blacksmith's Shop!
Romances live on
Sometimes the wedding parties arrive on motorbikes dressed in black leather, so the only way to identify the bride is to find out which one has got the bouquet! And, of course, traditional kilts for Scottish bridegrooms are still as popular as ever.
   In this small place, at least one couple gets married, on average, every day of the year.
   Weddings for St Valentine's Day have to be booked three months in advance.
   Couples are welcome from all over the world, so when you decide to get married, why not consider getting married at Gretna Green?
Prezented.Ru


title: Презентация на тему: Stories containing idiomatic expressions

text:
Stories containing idiomatic expressions
Made by Galya Ovsyanikova
4-B
The King Fisher
Kevin Miles loves fishing. Last year he even won a local fishing competition with flying colors. He was grinning from ear to ear that day. The prize was a fishing trip to the coast to fish for sailfish. He really has to screw up his courage to fish for sailfish, but he set his heart on it. He boasts to his friends that it'll be a piece of cake catching a sailfish.
 Idioms list
1. Set one's heart on: to want or desire deeply, regardless of practicality or rationality.
2. Screw up one's courage: To force yourself to be brave.
3. A piece of cake: to be very easy.
4. With flying colors: with great success.
5. Grin from ear to ear: to give a very big smile.
Riding to Work
Anwar runs a delivery business with his bicycle. Last year the rains were very bad and the city was at sixes and sevens. Anwar's parents told him to take a rest, but he turned a deaf ear to them and kept on working. Unfortunately, he hit a hole hidden by the water and broke his bicycle. For almost two months after that he was in his parent's bad books and he had to lie low. Fortunately, he was able to repair his bicycle and now business is booming. Every night he comes home and he is all in.
Idioms list
1. Turn a deaf ear to: to ignore someone when they complain or ask for something.
2. At sixes and sevens: a state of confusion or disarray.
3. All in: to be extremely tired.
4. Lie low: to remain hidden so that you will not be found.
5. In someone's bad books: if you are in someone's bad books, they are displeased with you.

Late Homework
Tom attends a very strict school.  The teachers give a lot of homework and they get angry if it is not done.  One day Tom lost his homework.  He turned his room upside down looking for it.  He couldn't find it.  On the way to school he thought, 'I'd better make myself scarce today!' In class, he was like a cat on a hot tin roof waiting for the teacher to ask for the homework.  About half way through class, there was a fire drill and the whole class had to go outside.  The coast was clear!  He was safe for another day.  Later on, Tom did find his homework and he handed it in with pride.
Idioms list
1. Turn (someplace) upside down: to cause confusion and mass usually when looking for something2. make oneself scarce: to stay away; avoid.3. in hot water: in trouble4. like a cat on a hot tin roof: very nervous and restless5. the coast is clear: there is no longer any danger or difficulty present.
Seventh Heaven
Mary-Ann is in seventh heaven today.  Her boyfriend just popped the question to her.  He promised he would spare no expense in giving her the best wedding ever, and his father is rich.  He thinks the world of her, and wants to get married quickly but until he announces it, he wants her to keep it under wraps.  This makes it even more exciting for her today since she knows something that her friends don't know: she's going to get married!
1. in seventh heaven:   extremely pleased, delighted2. pop the question:  to ask someone to get married3. spare no expense:  to spend whatever sum of money is needed to get what one wants without worrying about the cost4. think the world of (someone):  to be very fond of someone 5. keep (something) under wraps: to keep (something) secret


title: Презентация на тему: ST.PAUL’S CATHEDRAL

text:
ST.PAUL’S 	CATHEDRAL
Подготовлено
учителем
английского языка
Соболевой Алевтиной Владимировной.
МОУ «Гимназия №4»,
г.о. Электросталь, Московская область.
2011 год

      		 	  	ST.PAUL’S 		CATHEDRAL

HISTORY AND INTERESTING FACTS

Quick Facts
         Site Information
Names: St Paul's
Cathedral;  Cathedral
Church of St. Paul
Location: London, England
Faith: Christianity (Anglican)
Dedication: St. Paul
Category:  Cathedrals
Architecture: English
Baroque
Date: 1675-1710
Architect: Christopher
Wren (1632-1723)
Status: active
	Visitor Information
Address: Ludgate Hill EC4, The City, London, England
Coordinates: 51.513737° N, 0.098276° W
Phone: 020-7236 4128
Website: www.stpauls.co.uk
Public transport:
Tube: St. Paul's or Mansion HouseBus: 6, 8, 11, 15, 22, 23, 25, 76
Opening hours:
Cathedral: Mon-Sat: 9:30am-3:45pm Gallery: Mon-Sat 9:30am-4:15pmCrypt: Mon-Sat 8:45am-4:15pm
Cost:  £10 admission; free on Sundays
Services: 11am Sundays
INTRODUCTION
St. Paul’s Cathedral is one of the finest pieces of architecture in Europe. It is located on Ludgate Hill in the financial district known as the City of London.

St. Paul is the main church of London and a place for many state ceremonies.The Cathedral is also the burial place of  many important persons who are commemorated with beautiful monuments.
View of St. Paul's Cathedral from the air.
HISTORY

	The present St. Paul's Cathedral, which was built between 1675 and 1710, is the
fifth cathedral to occupy the site, which was sacred (священный, святой)  even
before  Christianity  arrived.
	The first cathedral was built by the Saxons in wood in 604 AD. It burned down in
675 and was rebuilt, again in wood, ten years later.
       In 962 it was destroyed by the Vikings and the "third" St Paul’s was built, this time  in stone.  Following a fire the church was rebuilt again by the Normans in 1087.
The work took over two hundred years and a great deal was lost again in a fire in 1136.
Old St Paul's prior to 1561, with intact (неповрежденный )spire (шпиль) .
	By1300 it was the third longest church in Europe and had one of Europe's tallest spires.
   In 1561 the spire was destroyed by lightning(молния) and it was not replaced.
"Old St Paul's" was ruined in the Great Fire of London in 1666.
St. Paul's-The final design by Wren.
On 2 July 1668 Christopher Wren was asked to prepare a plan for reconstructing the lost church.  The first stone of the new cathedral was placed on 21 June 1675, and the last in 1708, when Wren himself was 76.  However the first service (служба ) was held in 1697.
St. Paul’s Cathedral in 1896
Sculpture of the Virgin and Child on the Great North Door.
Did you know?
The Cathedral is built of Portland stone in a late Renaissance to Baroque style.
	St. Paul’s cathedral is the second largest church in the world.  The Cathedral is enormous. It is 175 m long and its impressive dome (купол ) rises111 m (365 feet - one foot for each day of the year) and is about
   32 m (112 feet) in diameter.
	Did you know?
	The dome is one of the largest cathedral domes in the world after St. Peter’s in Rome and weighs about 65,000 tons.

THE ARCHITECT SIR CHRISTOPHER WREN
    (1632-1723)
Sir Christopher Wren is the greatest English architect of his time.  He designed 53 London churches, including St. Paul’s Cathedral.  Among his works are the Greenwich Observatory and Greenwich Hospital, Hampton Court Palace and Kensington Palace, the Sheldonian Theater in Oxford and the Library in Trinity College in Cambridge.
Did you know?
Wren was also Professor of Mathematics, an astronomer, a member of the Royal Society and its president(1680-82).

Wren began to rebuild St. Paul’s in 1675 and completed it only in 1710. The cathedral had been built in 35 years under one architect and  Wren was the first to be buried there with great ceremony when he died in 1723 at the age of 91. His grave (могила ) is very simple and covered by a marble stone. There is no monument on it, just an inscription (надпись) that says:”Reader, if you seek a monument, just look around”.
Wren's Great Model
Did you know?
Christopher Wren suggested three plans, but only the third,  known as the Warrant Design was given royal approval in 1675.
THE CONSTRUCTION.
Like most Christian churches, St. Paul's Cathedral is laid out (заложен) in the shape of a cross. The longer end of the main arm of the cross is called the nave (неф-центральная часть церкви) ; the two ends of the shorter arm are called the transepts (трансепт- поперечный неф).
At the "top" of the cross is the choir (клирос, место хора) and the altar (алтарь).
 The crypt (склеп) is in a basement underneath the cathedral.

The Cathedral is planned in the Renaissance style.
The West Porch (крыльцо) is the main entrance to St. Paul's.
A large stairway (лестница, лестничный марш; ряд ступеней) leads up to six sets of double columns and the Great West Door which is used only on ceremonial occasions such as the wedding of Prince Charles and Lady Diana in 1981.

In front of the staircase you’ll see the statue of Queen Anne, the last of the Stuarts.
The towers were not part of the architect’s original plan. Wren added them in 1707. Both were designed to have clocks, but now only the tower on the south (right) side has one.

Did you know?
In one of the twin baroque
towers there is one of the
largest bells in the world,
Great Paul. It weights about  17, 5 tons.
West side of the north tower of St Paul's Cathedral.
South west tower of
St. Paul‘s Cathedral.
THE NAVE

The nave is the central part of the cathedral that is in front of you under the high, domed ceiling.
The floor of the cathedral is paved (выложен)  with black and white tiles (плитка) .
The interior is very beautiful. Inside there is a wonderful mixture of architectural work, paintings, frescoes and mosaics.
Many famous artists took part in the decorating of St. Paul’s Cathedral.
On the walls there are paintings depicting(изображающий ) the scenes from the life of Jesus Christ.
Mosaic detail.
Angel.
St. Paul‘s icon
Did you know?
The magnificent mosaics that show the symbols of Christianity were added in the 19th century by request of Queen Victoria.
South side of the nave from the back of the church.

The long central section of the cathedral that leads to the dome.
High Altar
Originally, the cathedral had a simple table for an altar. Today's very rich high altar (алтарь, жертвенник , престол в христианских церквях) dates from 1958 and is made of marble and gilded oak (дуб ). It replaces a large Victorian marble altar, which was damaged by the bombing during World War II, and is based on a sketch (набросок)  by Christopher Wren.
Organ details
The choir is at the east of the cathedral. This is where the choir(хор) and the priests (священники ) sit during services.
It is home to
the cathedral's
great organ,
which was
installed in
1695 and has
been rebuilt
several times.
The current
instrument is
the third
biggest in
Britain .
THE CHOIR
As you go down the Nave you can view the monuments and statues dedicated to a wide range of people: famous priests of the past, military and political figures, national heroes, painters and many others.
MONUMENTS AND MEMORIALS

THE WELLINGTON MONUMENT
A monument to one of the Britain's greatest soldiers and statesmen, the Duke of Wellington, is in the north transept (боковой неф храма; придел).  It is the largest memorial in the cathedral. Wellington  is riding his horse on the top of the monument.  Several architects worked on it. Wellington died in 1852 but his monument was not completed until 1912. He is actually buried in the crypt.
Did you know?
Other memorials
commemorate the landscape
painter William Turner
(1775-1851); the first
president of the Royal
Academy, Sir Joshua Reynolds;
a British nurse and
hospital reformer Florence
Nightingale (1820-1910)
and many other notable
people.
THE CHAPELS
The nave has several chapels ( капелла, часовня, молельня-место для проведения служб). To the left (north transept) is St. Dunstan's Chapel, which was one of the earliest parts of the cathedral to come into use. It was originally known as the Morning Chapel. In 1905 it was dedicated to St. Dunstan, who was Bishop of London and Archbishop of Canterbury over 1,000 years ago.
All Souls Chapel is further down on the left side. It is dedicated primarily to soldiers of World War I.
The Chapel of the Order of St. Michael and St. George is across from St. Dunstan's on the right side (south transept).
Round the corner behind the high alter is the  American Memorial Chapel. It is dedicated to 28 thousand Americans based in Britain who lost their lives in World War II. It was opened in November 1958.

The Chapel of St Michael and St George
The  American Memorial Chapel.
THE GALLERIES
.
The dome contains three circular galleries - the internal (внутренняя ) Whispering Gallery, the external (внешняя)Stone Gallery and the external Golden Gallery. The entrance to the galleries is at the right side  just before the dome.
If you climb 259 steps, you will get to the Whispering Gallery. It  is famous for its unusual acoustics.  Two people can stand at opposite sides of the 32m dome and one can whisper something against the wall and the person on the other side will hear it.
View from the Whispering Gallery
Whispering Gallery. Detail
Did you know?The golden ball on the top of the dome is 6 feet (about 2 m) in diameter and has room inside for ten people!
    St. Paul’s Cathedral. Very top.
     The Golden Gallery
The Golden Gallery is at the highest point of the dome. It is 530 steps up (about 85 m).
It offers a panoramic view across London.
The Stone Gallery is 378 steps up (53m). Its broad platform has telescopes to make the best of the beautiful view and benches for weary legs.
View over the west front from the dome.
THE CRYPT
The Crypt (склеп ) is in the basement of the cathedral. The entrances to it are in both transepts, on either side of the dome.  It contains over 200 memorials. Many notable figures are buried here including Christopher Wren himself.
Wren's tomb
Sir Christopher Wren, the architect of St Paul's, is buried in at the east end of the crypt. His tomb (надгробие, могила) is marked by a simple marble stone and is surrounded by memorials to his family and other colleagues who worked on the building of St Paul's.
Nelson’s Tomb
Admiral Horatio Nelson
(1758-1805) is a British naval commander famous for his numerous victories that made him a national hero.  In his final battle at Cape Trafalgar in 1805  Lord Nelson was mortally wounded. After his state funeral he was buried in the crypt of St. Paul’s.
Did you know?
Horatio Nelson is also honoured with Nelson's Column, which stands on Trafalgar Square.
Sir Arthur Wellesley,1st Duke of  Wellington (1769-1852)
Duke of  Wellington’s tomb
Sir Arthur Wellesley is a British soldier and statesman. He is considered one of the leading military and political figures of the 19th century. Lord Wellington defeated Napoleon at Waterloo in 1815. Although a national hero,
he  rests (покоится) in a simple coffin (гроб)  made of granite.
Isaac Newton’s  tomb
Did you know?
In the crypt of the cathedral there is a tomb(надгробие) of the scientist Isaac Newton (1642-1727)and
the prime minister of the UK Winston Churchill (1874-1965), the greatest British leader of the 20th century.
Throughout its history, St Paul's has been a place where the individual and the nation can express  feelings of joy, gratitude and sorrow.
Many important events have taken place here over the years, including:

The funerals (похороны) of Lord Nelson (1806), the Duke of Wellington (1852) and Sir Winston Churchill(1965) ;
Celebration for Queen Victoria Diamond Jubilee  (1897)and the Silver Jubilees of King George V (1935) and the Queen (1977);
Peace services marking the end of the First and Second World Wars;
The Service of Remembrance and Commemoration for September 11, 2001;
The 80th and 100th birthdays of Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother;
The wedding of Charles, Prince of Wales, to Lady Diana Spencer;
The Thanksgiving for the Golden Jubilee of Her Majesty the Queen.

St Paul's has remained a busy, working church where millions have come to worship and find peace. It is a heritage site of international importance which attracts thousands of people each year. It is  a symbol of the City and Nation and, above all, a lasting monument to the glory of God.

GLOSSARY
church (церковь)
cathedral (кафедральный собор)
faith (религиозная вера ,вероисповедование)
sacred (священный, святой)
spire (шпиль)
service (служба , месса)
dome (купол )
grave (могила )
inscription (надпись)
nave (неф-центральная часть церкви)
transept (трансепт- поперечный неф).
choir (клирос, место хора)

tower (башня)
high altar (алтарь, главный престол).
crypt (склеп)
stairway (лестница, лестничный марш; ряд ступеней)
cross (крест)
tile (плитка)
priest (священник )
chapel ( капелла, часовня, молельня-место для проведения служб).
tomb(надгробие)
internal gallery (внутренняя галерея)
external gallery (внешняя галерея )
coffin (гроб)
funeral (похороны)
Literature and internet resources.
Васильев М.В. Достопримечательности Лондона. –  2-ое  изд. –М.: Айрис-пресс, 2008. -64 с.
Васильев М.В. Достопримечательности Великобритании. –  2-ое  изд. –М.: Айрис-пресс, 2008. -112 с.
Синельникова М.В. Это Лондон. География. История. Культура. Достопримечательности: Книга для чтения на английском языке с вопросами ,заданиями и диалогами. – Спб.: КОРОНА принт,2010. -352с., ил.
http://www.stpauls.co.uk/Cathedral-History
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_Paul%27s_Cathedral

THANK YOU
Источники
www.stpauls.co.uk
http://www.stpauls.co.uk/Cathedral-History
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_Paul%27s_Cathedral


title: Презентация на тему: Страдательный залог

text:
Passive Voice.Indefinite Passive.
900igr.net
    to be + participle II
Present Indefinite Passive

I am taken
He is taken
She is taken
It is taken
We are taken
You are taken
They are taken

I am not taken
He is not taken
She is not taken
It is not taken
We are not taken
You are not taken
They are not taken

Am I taken?
Is he taken?
Is she taken?
Is it taken?
Are we taken?
Are you taken?
Are they taken?

I was taken
He was taken
She was taken
It was taken
We were taken
You were taken
They were taken

I was not taken
He was not taken
She was not taken
It was not taken
We were not taken
You were not taken
They were not taken

Was I taken?
Was he taken?
Was she taken?
Was it taken?
Were we taken?
Were you taken?
Were they taken?
Past Indefinite Passive
Future Indefinite Passive

I shall be taken
He will be taken
She will be taken
It will be taken
We shall be taken
You will be taken
They will be taken

I shall not be taken
He will not be taken
She will not be taken
It will not be taken
We shall not be taken
You will not be taken
They will not be taken

Shall I be taken?
Will he be taken?
Will she be taken?
Will it be taken?
Shall we be taken?
Will you be taken?
Will they be taken?


text:
The Passive Voice (страдательный залог)подлежащее не само выполняет действиеto be + Vз (V₁ + ed)
Present:    am, is, are + V₃
Past:          was, were + V₃
Future:     shall/will be + V₃

               ‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗  ______  ‗‗‗‗‗

        ?       ‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗  ______  ‗‗‗‗‗ _ _ _ _ _ ?

всп.гл.
not
V₃
_
всп.гл.
V₃
подл.

The Passive Voicein Simple Tensesto be + Vз
Present Simple Passive
Past Simple Passive
Future Simple Passive
Exercise 1.  Fill in the verb is or are.

1. Grammar rules ... always learnt by heart.
2. Rare animals ... protected in many countries.
3. This scarf ... made by my granny.
4. Animals in the reserve ... fed two times a day.
5. The same shirts ... worn by the members of our team.
6. New Russian books ... shown in our library
7. Many Russian towns ... described in this book.
8. Dinner ... always cooked by my mother.
9. This place ... crowded on Sunday.
10. Our village ... surrounded with a forest.

Exercise 2.   Поставьте предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную формы.
     1. Marmalade is made of oranges. 2. This town was built a century ago. 3. They were invited to a birthday party. 4. The fax was sent yesterday. 5. America was discovered long ago. 6. The book is published. 7. My friend’s car was stolen last night. 8. His winter boots were made in Germany. 9. The building was ruined by the earthquake. 10. Italian is spoken in Italy and on Malta.
Exercise 3.   Translate the verbs into English
 1. A lot of houses (построено) in London and other towns.
2.When (было написано) this letter?
3. The letter (было написано) 2 days ago.
4. Whom (будет переведена) this article into English by?
5. The article (переведена) yesterday.
6. This question (задают) every day.
7. The students (пригласят) to the concert.
8. The work (закончена) by him quickly.
9. A new stadium in N.N (был построен) last year.
10. The little boy (смотрели) with interest by the people.
 Exercise 4.  Write true sentences in Passive Voice.
Exercise 5.  Write true sentences in Passive Voice.
     Exercise 6.      Choose the correct form of the verb                                       to complete the sentences.
I ... (like / am liked) this place.
What books by Charles Dickens ... (translated / are translated) into Russian?
Who ... (protects / is protected) animals?
This city ... (is visited / visited) by many people.
Who ... (gives / is given) bad marks in your class?
Our house ... (made /is made) of wood.
Our holiday ... (is begun / begins) next week.
Pupils ... (are given / give) books by the teacher.
The holiday...(celebrated/is celebrated) this year.

Exercise 7.  Fill in the gaps using the Present Simple Passive Voice

  Mushroom and Ham Salad
     First, 5 mushrooms … (1 – cut) into small pieces and …(2 — mix) with two cut spring onions. Then, 100 g cooked ham …(3— cut) into fine cubes. Now, mushrooms, onions and ham … (4 — mix) in a bowl. Finally, 2 tablespoons of lemon juice … (5 — mix) with 1 tablespoon of soy sauce and the mixture… (6 — add) to the salad mixture. Enjoy your salad!

Exercise 8. Fill in the gaps using the Present Simple Passive Voice
   The news reporter and a camera operator _______ (1 – send) to investigate a news story. People_____ (2 – interview) by a reporter and the interviews ______ (3 – film) by a camera operator. The film ____ (4 – take) back to the TV studio, and the best parts of the film _______ (5 – choose) by the news editor. Finally, the news report ______ (6 – send) to televisions in people's homes and the news _____ (7 – watch) by people all over the country.

Exercise 9.   Fill in the gaps using the Present Simple Passive Voice
       My motherland is the Republic of Belarus.
   My country (1 – situate) in the centre of Europe.
   It (2 – make up) of six regions: Brest, Vitebsk, Gomel, Grodno, Minsk and Mogilev.
   Belarus (3 – not wash) by any seas or oceans,
   so it (4 – not separate) from other countries by seas and oceans.
   Belarus (5 – border) by five countries.
   Belarus is mostly flat (плоская). Some uplands can (6 – find) near Minsk and in some districts of Mogilev and Grodno regions. Most of Belarus (7 – cover) by forests. It is a beautiful country with a lot of lakes.

Exercise 10.  Respond to the situations with a negative sentence
Cars are made at this factory, (bicycles)
                              But bicycles are not made at this factory.
1. Bread is sold in this shop, (milk)
2. Our house is built of wood, (their house)
3. My books are kept on the shelf, (exercise-books )
4. My younger sister is usually given fruit and milk for supper, (my elder brother)
5. Apples are grown in Belarus, (oranges)
6. Glass is made of sand, (paper)
7. My dresses are made by my mother, (jackets)
8. Films are watched by many people, (sports programmes)
9. This apple-tree is planted by me, (that cherry-tree)
10. All the words are always learnt by the pupils, (rules)

Exercise 11.  Answer the questions in Simple Present Passive.
 Is football played in the yard?
— Yes, it is. It’s sometimes played in the yard.
— No, it isn’t. It’s usually played in the field.
Is it played by boys or by girls?
— It’s played by boys as a rule.
1. Are you always given good marks?
2. Is your friend also given good marks?
3. Is your homework always done in time?
4. Are you often given money by your parents?
5. Is chess played by two or three people?
6. Are you often punished at home?
7. Are trees planted in summer or in autumn?
8. Are you shown videos at your English lessons?
9. Are your copy-books collected at the beginning
        or at the end of the lesson?

Exercise 12.  Ask for more information about the sentences
 The children are left after the lessons.(why,how often)
— Why are the children left after the lessons?
—How often are the children left after the lessons?

The game is won by our school team, (what game)
The map is brought from England, (when)
My books are not kept on the shelf, (why)
School meetings are held every month, (where)
The glass is filled with something, (what)
Hockey is usually played by boys, (when)
Oranges are not grown in Russia, (why)
The dinner is not yet served, (why)
New rules are explained at the lesson, (by whom)
Exercise 13.  Answer the questions

Do many tourists come to Britain? (is visited )
Where is the ‘garden of England? (is situated)
Does it snow in the mountains of Wales? (are covered with)
What language do people in Scotland speak? (is spoken)
Are there many seas around the country?
    (is surrounded by / is washed by)
6. Do they make world-famous crafts and clothes in Scotland? (are made)
7. Do many people know about the beautiful mountains and lakes of Wales? (are known all over the world)
8. Why is the green colour a symbol of Northern Ireland?
    (is covered)
Exercise 14. Make up questions in Simple Present Passive.
Exercise 15.  Write questions to the sentences
1. The park is situated in the centre of the city.
     (what, where)
2.  The statue is made by a famous sculptor. (disjunctive)
3. Demonstrations are held in this square.
    (what, where)
4. The square is planned round the monument. (general)
5. The obelisk is decorated with figures. (how)
6. The tent is put up on a rock. (alternative)

Exercise 16.  Change the sentences from Active into Passive.

Do they sell shoes in this shop?
Do they bring tea from India?
Do they teach English at your school?
Do they make bicycles at this factory?
Do they pay him a lot of money?
Where do they sell bananas?

Exercise 17.  Translate into English.

Слова написаны на доске.
Эта книга продается во всех магазинах.
Ему часто отправляют письма?
Когда приносят газеты?
Этот парк всегда показывают туристам.
Завтрак не дают в нашей школе.
Эти тексты не учат наизусть.


Презентация на тему: Історично-батальний жанр


title: Презентация на тему: St. Louis

text:
St. Louis

Population

Foundation

Gateway Arch

Busch Stadium

Thank you for Attention!


title: Презентация на тему: St. Patrick’s Day

text:
St. Patrick’s Day is celebrated on March,17. There are a lot of Legends about St. Patrick in Ireland. St. Patrick with a help of three others bishops built more than 50 cathedrals and united the islanders in one faith.

Of the many legends about St.Patrick, which survive in Ireland, two in particular have been preserved in the Irish folklore. The first legend is about how St. Patrick rid the “The Emerald Isle” of snakes.

Another very famous legend about St. Patrick tells of his ability to explain complex technological concepts in simple ways. Once as he was preaching about the trinity, he reached down and plucked a shamrock (three-leaf clover).

St. Patrick succes in covering the Irish to the catholic faith had long lasting consequences for Ireland. Bacause the catholic faith had become such integral part of Irish culture, much of Irish history has been a fierce struggle to preserve it.

The symbols of his holidays are the shamrock, the leprechaun, the rainbow. The leprechaun is an elf-like creature from Irish folklore. He is lazy, cunning, ill-tempered, greedy. He has a pot of gold well hidden at the end of the rainbow.

This holiday is very popular in America. On march, 17, more than 150,000 people march in the New York St. Patrich’s Day parade, and almost a million people, all wearing green, line the streets to watch.

A green line is painted down the center of Fifth Avenue, and the lights on top of the Empire State Building are turned green. Irish cuisine is featured in many restaurants, served with traditional Irish coffee. It’s possible to see bread, pasta and even green eggs.


title: Презентация на тему: St. Patrick Day

text: Shamrock is the national emblem of Ireland.


title: Презентация на тему: St. Petersburg

text:
St. Petersburg
Our favorite places of interest
The Peter and Paul Fortress
The Summer Garden
Point on Vasilevsky Island
The Hermitage
The Kazan Cathedral
Palace Square.Alexander Column
Make sure that you remember everything
Answers
g. 1834
7. The Peter and Paul Fortress
f. 1818
6. The Summer Palace
e. 1811
5. Alexander Column
d. 1754
4. The Hermitage
c. 1730
3. The Kazan Cathedral
b. 1710
a. 1703
1. A Trading Port
a
7
b
6
g
5
d
4
e
3
f
2
c
1


title: Презентация на тему: Stray animals

text:
Stray animals
rule the hosts
Animal Shelters
danger
Alexandr Omarov 9 «C»
School 329
Ethology homeless animals
Donald Griffin - American scientist, professor emeritus of Rockefeller University, back in the 70s made the official recognition of the animal senses, as well as a close similarity ways of thinking and emotional world of man and animal, thus made an invaluable contribution to the development of cognitive ethology

Rule the hosts
I will live only ten years.  Any separation from you will cause me suffering. Think about it before you take me
Try to give me time to think, what you require of me
Talk to me. Although I can not fully understand all your words, but I understand your voice, a converted me
Remember - I'll never forget how I was treated

Animal Shelters
Actively act as clearing houses abandoned, including "extra" animal owners, and as centers of transfer animals to new owners in order to prevent possible replenish the population of stray animals

Danger from animals
Homeless animals due to the high number and density of population are the main threats to the spread of rabies infection and their people
Thus, in Moscow in 2009 in an attack stray dog sick with rabies in the south-east of Moscow, was hospitalized 41 people, including three children. In the area was put under quarantine
One theory proposed by microbiologists at Hong Kong University, the first time people were infected with SARS, eating meat stray cats (that is practiced in China)


title: Презентация на тему: Stray animals

text:
Presentation in English.Theme: Stray animals.
Help homeless animals.
       These animals were thrown out of the house because  of bad behavior or the owners got rid of them. But animals need love and affection too.
      Different countries have shelters. The owners organize donation. In such way they save homeless animals, but often they just fired them.
        We must help homeless animals in various way. We may organize demonstrations, slogans put forward where people can see them. May be someone will think about the lives of our smaller brothers.
Appealing!
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!!!


text:
Passive Voice
Simple Present Passive
          am / is / are + V3

am / is / are + V3 + the Infinitive
Use   is    or     are

Many animals are found in the USA, Florida. Some animals are protected by state laws. Special attention is paid to the manatee, bald eagle, pelican, sea turtle, and porpoise. The manatee is a large sea animal. Its greatest danger is a motorboat. There are rivers where motorboats     are not allowed so they are safe for the manatee.
Porpoises are hurt by fishermen who use large nets and trap them by accident. These fishlike animals are like dolphins. They are also used in many scientific projects. Porpoises are playful               animals; people can ride on their backs without                    fear.
FIND THE VERBS IN THE SIMPLE PRESENT
PASSIVE IN THE TEXT
   is , the , polluted, water
Make up sentences
The water is polluted.
cut
not
forests
down
are
.
Make up sentences
Forests
Example: Children break trees.
 - Trees are broken by children.
Make the sentences passive
Plants and factories pollute rivers and lakes.
Rivers and lakes are polluted by plants and factories.
People throw litter everywhere.
Litter is thrown by people            everywhere.
Children damage plants.
Plants are damaged by children.
Cars pollute the air.
The air is polluted by cars.

I am asked to water the flowers.
 Translate into Russian
Children are asked to plant trees.
People are asked not to throw litter in the river.
People are asked to care for nature.
Transform the sentences
My brother asks me to make my bed.
I am asked to make my bed.
Mother tells the children to sweep the floor.
The children are told to sweep the floor.
The teacher tells the pupils to collect paper.
The pupils are told to collect paper.
Test
Baby trees ___ damaged.

is
               b) are
                                    c) am
1
I ____ asked to do my homework.
am
                    b) is
                                     c) are
2
3
4
Mother tells me _____.
a) wash the plates

             b) to wash the plates

                         c) washing the plates
5
We are ____ to take litter home.
    a) tells
                     b) tell
                                 c) told
6
People ____ litter everywhere.
throw
are thrown
is thrown
7
8
Rivers are _____.
pollute
polluted
pollutes
9
10
Thanks for the work!
Good luck!
Sources
http://www.google.ru/search?tbm=isch&hl=ru&source=hp&biw=1280&bih=845&q=Polution&gbv=2&oq=Polution&aq pictures

http://www.dinternal.com.ua/grammar/passive-voice/

http://www.slideshare.net/Nokhov/passive-voice-2192462

http://www.alleng.ru/mybook/3gram/6verb_25.htm

http://www.native-english.ru/exercises/pasvoice  tests

http://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-english-1681.php tests


Презентация на тему: Страшилки - смешилки


title: Презентация на тему: Стратегии выполнения раздела "Лексика и грамматика"

text:
15
20%
9
20%
20
20%
2
20%

John (1) _______(stand) at the window of the hotel room. He (2) ___________ (look) absentmindedly at the street when, suddenly, he (3) ______ (hear) a horrible cry. Everyone in the street (4) _______ (stop)- people (5) _____ (wonder) where the cry (6) _______ (come) from.
CRITICS


title: Презентация на тему: Страдательный залог PASSIVE VOICE

text:
PASSIVE VOICE
She is shown
He was sent
They were lost
I will be heard
We are repeated
He will be answered
They are called
You are invited
I was understood
She is known
He will be given
We learn              at the University. (Active)
                             at the University          .

He gave                      . (Active)

                       the book             .

They will do                  tomorrow. (Active)
                                      tomorrow               . (Pass.)
He
The apple
Simple Tenses

                     +
am
is
are
was
were
Present Simple
Past Simple
will be
shall be
Future Simple
Present Continuous
Continuous Tenses
am
 is      being
are
was
             being
were
Past Continuous
Future Continuous
Perfect Tenses
Present Perfect
have
                been
has
Past Perfect
had been
Future Perfect
shall
          have  been
will
to be
P II
written
I  was  met
I  am  met
I  will  be  met
She was seen
She is seen
You are read
She will be seen
We were sent
We are sent
We will be sent
He was helped
He is helped
He will be helped
You were read
You will be read
English
by us
the book
me
I
by him
this work
by them
English
English
the book
me
this work
is
learnt
was
given
to me
by him
was given
will be
done
. (Passive)
(Passive)
(Passive)
The book
This work
with
                        She is being explained new
                         grammar.


Презентация на тему: Stonehenge


title: Презентация на тему: Strong

text:
Strong
Jared Leto: If I knew that I would be the idol for teens I’d killed myself

Jared Leto News
THIRTY SECONDS TO MARS WIN BEST ROCK BAND AWARD AT THE 2010 MTV EMA AWARDS
(New York, NY – November 8, 2010) – Thirty Seconds To Mars picked up their 4th EMA award last night in Madrid when they were announced the winners of the 2010 Best Rock Band Award. Previous EMA wins include the 2007 “Rock Out” award and both the “Rock Out” and “Video Star” awards in 2008. It was a massive night for Thirty Seconds To Mars in Madrid last night. Not only were they nominated in 3 categories, they performed a show-stopping performance of their new song “Hurricane 2.0” featuring Kanye West for the first time on television and for the first time with Kanye West himself. Earlier this year they won the 2010 MTV VMA for Best Rock Video for “Kings & Queens,” the first single/video from their new album This Is War.

MTV: THIRTY SECONDS TO MARS TEASE 20-MINUTE ‘HURRICANE’ VIDEO
By now, you are probably aware that 30 Seconds To Mars’ upcoming “Hurricane” video will be “very sexual,” violent, free of shirts and a “surrealistic nightmare dream-fantasy.” But, chances are you did not know it may also wind up being 20 minutes long. This, according to 30STM frontman Jared Leto, who broke that tidbit to MTV News during rehearsals for Sunday’s MTV Europe Music Awards in Madrid. Not only did Leto appear to be telling the truth, but he also sounded tired enough to back the claim up. “We’re working really hard and it’s a very ambitious project,” Leto said. “It’s very long right now. It’s clocking in at about 20 minutes, so we’re just editing, editing. I literally brought the editors here to Spain, and they’re at the hotel working right now.” Leto added that, at this point, he’s spending basically every waking minute working on completion of the video, but even with a team of editors working on it full-time, “Hurricane” is still proving difficult to tame.

HERE COMES THE WAR
Here is the best way I can describe 30 Seconds To Mars' This Is War, an album born out of rather intense struggles and big ideas, one loaded with icy synths and screaming falcons, epic chorales and windswept sonic expanses (and the occasional Tibetan Monk): Listening to it is like being inside a gigantic silver weather balloon, one ascending into the upper reaches of the stratosphere. It is massive and shiny and beautiful, but also cold and empty.
That's not meant to be a slight — actually the opposite. War is a shimmering epic of an album, to be certain, but as is often the case when big rock bands strive to go even bigger with their sound (the most obvious example I can think of here is Angels & Airwaves), they often create these kinds of shiny balloons: big, lustrous things filled with oddly chilly space.

And that's really what War is — a conceptual piece, a great open expanse where Leto can bury his deepest secrets, can scream his fears into the void. That he's chosen to include his massive fan base in his isolation was bold, brave, potentially crazy and potentially disastrous (there's a lot riding on this album, after all). You can debate that point endlessly, but here's one you can't: it's also an incredibly human thing to do. Because we're all alone, even if we don't realize it just yet — it's our most unifying trait, really.

As long as we don't choose, everything is possible
Q:How was it to act in this film, you're many different versions of the same character. Have you dealt with every single version on its own or did you juggle with them?A:No, I juggled with them, Jaco (Van Dormael, the director) likes to torture us, the actors. It was very interesting, confusing, and simply unique. This film is like a surrealistic painting; it's not traditionally realized at all. I haven't seen it yet, but I can assure you that it is unconventional. I was truly lucky to be part of such a project because believe me, such movies aren't being made these days anymore. Today the genres are more and more limited and the money come from people who want to go for what's secure, which is where an avalanche of this type of films or very, very commercial films came from. Nowadays, fewer and fewer movies that take risks are made, like Mr. Nobody. It doesn't even matter whether it will be a success or not, just the fact that it has already taken a risk represents a gain.
Q:How was it to play Nemo at old age?A:No, that wasn't me… (the answer is surprising, because all the director's, Jaco van Dormael, statements praised Leto's commitment for putting on make-up for six hours daily in order to interpret the old version of the central character ).(Laughs) Actually it was me, I was just joking…

Q:Do you find it scary to play yourself on the screen?A:Sometimes yes, you feel empty in front of the camera. I have never played a guy with a denim shirt, with a stupid symbol tattooed on his wrist…Q:By the way, what does your tattoo mean?A:I could tell you but then I'd have to kill you…(Laughs). Coming back to acting, it almost didn't happen to me to play a close version of myself, the one I am now. I appreciate a lot actors like Sean Penn or Daniel Day-Lewis, who change along with every single role, who rediscover themselves with each new project. What can I do, the less conventional parts are the ones that appeal to me…(Laughs).
“Martian” world As taciturn, or rather, enigmatic during interviews as he is wild onstage. The actor of Requiem for a Dream and Alexander now wants to focus on music. Which “makes him feel good,” as he says. And the same goes for his – countless – fansJet lag perfectly suits Jared Leto. After a 12-hour-long flight, the American front man of rock band 30 Seconds to Mars (which on July 4th will play at Venice Heineken Jamming Festival) grants us a lazy interview. With him silences are long, and so are pauses and looks. However, even measuring out words, the singer and actor in films like Alexander, The Thin Red Line, Fight Club and Requiem for a dream, manages to express himself, allowing us a glimpse of his “martian” world.With 30 Seconds to Mars you created a parallel world, can you tell us something about it?My band and my fans are a unique entity, which I named Echelon. Echelons are spread throughout the world, and they are divided into armies of love. And the Italian army is one of the warmest. You even involved your fans in the recording of your new album, This is War, didn’t you?Yes, we put an announcement on the forum of Echelons, where we explained that we wanted to organize some summits in Los Angeles to record voices, choruses and sounds they created. And the album cover was actually released in 2000 versions, with as many pictures of our fans.
My band and my fans are a unique entity, which I named Echelon.”
“Oh no, please, don’t call me ‘emo’”.
Why this war title?
…
Let’s change the question: is it a personal or general war?
You smell nice, you know that?
You aren’t answering my questions, you know that?
(He laughs). Let’s say both. We’ve had some problems with our record label, for an issue about rights to be payed. But you just need to have a look at what is happening in the world to understand that the battle could involve anybody. Economic crisis, pollution, violence… do I have to go on?
And in everyday life, how do you fight these things?I’m a vegan. I respect the environment and I do my best to spread the importance of such an issue.
What’s the tattoo on your arm?(Jared smiles and pulls the sleeve of his glitter jacket down, but I can’t see anything) Have you got any tattoos?
Maybe, why?If you show me yours I’ll show you mine.
Do you always need to hold the reins of the situation?I wouldn’t mind. I noticed. Is your personal style more ‘glam-rock’ or ‘emo’?Oh no, please, don’t call me ‘emo’. Glam rock is OK. The Velvet Goldmineperiod was very fun.
You’re always on set or on tour: what do you do in your free time?This is my free time…Sorry abut that. Are you happy?I don’t think much about happiness. But I know that playing music makes me feel good.As you don’t have any free time, how should your woman be?Maybe she should be a journalist…
“The battle could involve anybody”
Jared Leto’s Rep Slams Rumors Actor Had Affair With Jessica Simpson
Shortly before her sister Ashlee married the rock star of her dreams, Pete Wentz, Jessica Simpson reportedly split with her own boyfriend, Dallas Cowboys quarterback Tony Romo.
Days before Ashlee and Pete’s “Alice in Wonderland”-themed wedding took place, however, Jessica seemed to reunite in public with Tony, and the two reportedly danced the night away at the gothic-fairytale nuptials, last weekend.
Now, a new report has come out suggesting that Jessica and Tony split up prior to the wedding over her relationship with another man.
The National Enquirer ran a story suggesting Jessica cheated on Tony with Cameron Diaz’s one-time flame, Jared Leto.
However, Leto’s rep quickly lashed out at the rumors in a statement to Us Weekly.
“There is no truth whatsoever to the article,” Leto’s manager Jason Weinberg told the magazine’s Web site.
Jessica and Tony’s relationship is still a mystery, one which didn’t become any clearer when Ryan Seacrest interviewed Wentz, following his marriage to Ashlee.
“I don’t know anything about what’s going on with them,” Wentz told Seacrest. “I’m so busy clearing up my own rumors!”
However one indication the couple might be back on occurred over the Memorial Day weekend when Jessica and Tony were spotted dining together in Texas, according to columnist Alan Peppard.
The two had dinner on Saturday evening at N9ne Steakhouse in Dallas.

Jared Leto is gay?
Can you just believe it? Jared Leto is gay. He himself during an interview with an America Online reporter claimed that he was "gay as a goose". Being asked if the statement was true, the actor only went on to compare himself to Morrissey - a rock singer known for his vagueness about his sexuality. In fact, after such statement, a publicist for him came up with somewhat a confirmation saying "Jared was kidding." Well, joke and fact seem rather blur in this case.

Jared Leto is Justin Bieber’s Dad!?
In what must surely be the revelation of the decade, 30 Seconds To  Mars singer, actor, and all-round demigod Jared Leto has revealed exclusively to MTV that teen pop sensation Justin Bieber is his son.


title: Презентация на тему: Street - Art

text:
Street - Art
Деятельность
Деятельность сводится к разрисовыванию фасадов зданий, вагонов электричек и т.д. Райтер должен не только уметь рисовать, но еще и быстро бегать, потому что рисование граффити - вещь не особо законная. Не смотря на это, многие райтеры в свое время стали известными и кое-кто даже заработал состояние своим творчеством.(Banksy)

Crew - несколько (а порой и очень даже много) райтеров, объединённых в одну команду.
Bubble Style
Blockbusters Style
Wild Style
Средства
Чем бомбить?
Баллоны
Маркеры
Анонимность необходима!
A.C.A.B.


Презентация на тему: Страна языка


text:
Passive Voice
Passive Voice
Translate into Russian.
This model is designed by the famous fashion designer Slava Zaytsev.
It is made of different materials.
The suit is decorated with bright buttons and lace.The skirt is made in bright red,blue and green colours.It is decorated with frills and a metal belt.
Match two columns
The mittens are
The belt is
The boots are
The skirt is
The jeans are
The dress is
The jacket is
The earrings are
This dress (to decorate) with embroidering.
The cap (to knit) by my mum.
The jacket (to decorate)with leather.
The blouse (to make) of silk.
The jeans(to designed)by Levi Strauss.
The gloves(to make)of leather.
The dress (to sew)by my girl-friend.
Translate into English
Simple Present Passive


title: Презентация на тему: Страна изучаемого языка. Лондон

text:
Big Ben is the Symbol of English Welfare
Can  people from Britain  do without Big  Ben?

Perhaps meeting with London will make the Russians and the British  friends
THE MAP OF LONDON
PHOTO ALBUM
WHAT MAKES LONDON FAMOUS?
Whose monument is in the center of Trafalgar Square?
What is Big Ben?
An interview with a travel agent
An interview with a travel agent
A letter from my friend
CONCLUSION:
SOURSES:


Презентация на тему: Stonehenge, Стоунхендж


title: Презентация на тему: Student's life in USA

text:
Student's life in USA

In America it is possible not to choose a speciality at a receipt stage in university. There the person enlisted in high school, throughout two years has possibility to reflect on whom to study.

The university appoints obligatory courses and facultative – and within first two weeks allows to replace one course with another if, for example, you don't like the professor or the course has appeared for you uninteresting.

At each student the own schedule of study. Therefore at huge university the student, in general, is lonely. Such concept as ' the group ', there doesn't exist. With one people you sit at a seminar, is perfect with others listen to lecture.

The American students approach to got knowledge as to base bases of the future trade. Unlike our, Russian, students the American don't perceive student's years as the carelessness period when it is possible to oversleep, shirk etc.

Students should pay the formation since free training in the USA isn't present.

The American students almost also as well as Russian have a rest and have a good time. They visit bowling, billiards, go on discos, to cinema, travel.

The American student conducts much more various way of life, than it is represented at first sight. Besides a student's school desk, libraries, offsets and parties after them, pupils of colleges and higher educational institutions have found to themselves employment much more interesting.

Students of many HIGH SCHOOLS and colleges are united in «фратрии». Фратрии (from Greek "brotherhood") Each of them has the motto, an emblem and "cabinet" with accurate distribution of powers. Brotherhoods live under own laws and piously observe all ordered rituals (dedication and so forth). Officially proclaimed purposes of their activity - the organization of student's leisure. Including sports, carrying out of charitable actions, all-round aid to "brothers" and etc.

Bright student's life, certainly, is very attractive and takes a special place in the American culture, but besides fun, it has one more important line: an American education, actually, qualitative and effective.

On a campus all conditions for productive educational process: in hostels on each floor – the computer class, also computer classes is on a campus and they work 24/7, in each computer class – on the printer filled with a paper for your unlimited using. Wi-fi in any point of a campus at your order, besides some cases are opened 24/7 that you could come and learn during any time convenient for you. Well and certainly, library catalogs are accessible in electronic form that you could is direct from the room to look, whether there is available this or that book.

 Campus— the campus including, as a rule, educational premises, scientific research institutes, premises for students, libraries, audiences, dining rooms and etc.

“study groups”. It is the typical form of preparation for seminars and control: students собираються groups on 3-5 persons also try to understand a material by discussion in group. As shows experiment, such groups promote the best mastering of a material, development of communicative abilities, a sense of responsibility and collective rapprochement. To that in the majority of tasks for seminars – group so to "hammer" it will not turn out, differently you will bring not only, but also group.

Any oral examination – all in writing! It is not necessary to wait hours for the turn at a door!


title: Презентация на тему: Stroganov Palace

text:
Stroganov Palace
Stroganov Palace

	STROGANOV PALACE (17 Nevsky Prospect), an architectural monument of the late Baroque period. Originally a two-storey house at the corner of Nevsky Prospect and Moika River Embankment (1738, architect M.G. Zemtsov),
	 it was rebuilt in 1752-1754 (architect F. Rastrelli) for Baron S.G. Stroganov

Architecture
	The facade of the building looks onto the Nevsky Prospekt. It has an entrance arch supported by two Corinthian columns. The arch is crowned with a pediment bearing the Stroganov's coat of arms.
	In 1988 the palace was handed over to Russian Museum and became its branch in order to house some of the exhibitions. The dilapidated building has been through a thorough and painstaking restoration process since 1991. In keeping with Rastrelli's original design, its walls are now painted light pink (rather than dark green, as they were in the mid-20th century). It is one of the few Baroque structures on Nevsky Prospekt that has preserved its original view.
Thank you for your attention


title: Презентация на тему: Student’s Life

text:
Prepared by prospective
students:
Molokova Irina;
Synytsia Ilona.


title: Презентация на тему: Структурно-семантические и стилистические характеристики наименований одежды в английском, русском и французском языках

text:
Trousers (Br.)
Pants (Am.)


Презентация на тему: Стресс. Нейрофизиология.


title: Презентация на тему: Studying abroad: What? Where? How?

text:
To research the opportunities of studying abroad & to find out if there are any obstacles for it?
To define the countries which attract students most
To introduce the programs of Students Exchange
To show the ways of entering high schools
Analyses
Illustrative
Comparisons
Survey
 Interview
You should choose:
Country
City
School
Residing

 Personal preference
 The fact that the host country can influence your accent is insignificant
  Size
  Variety of programs & services
  Approaches to teaching  techniques
  Excursion-entertaining programme
   In campus
   At family
   In apartment
    Unsuccessful accommodation can not only spoil free time , but also affect the progress in the most negative way
Programs are combined with training in large firms
Under the decision of the chosen faculty some credits received in Russian high school can be taken in account
11000 CAD
650
HUMBER COLLEGE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
TOEFL or IELTS are  not necessary to pass after courses
10000 -11000 CAD
Few thousands
ALGONQUEEN COLLEGE OF APPLIED ARTS
AND TECHNOLOGY
Employment in such giants as IBM, Microsoft
11000 -12000 CAD
3000
LASALLE COLLEGE
Apply for the grant
10,000 CAD
750
SAINT MARY`S UNIVERSITY
No
Yes
Note
Cost
Preparatory courses
Quantity of foreigners
University
Canada wins the 1st place on a level of charges on education in calculation per capita.Today it successfully competes with the USA & Great Britain .
COST: course of the English language (CAD)
5 450
5 100
7 930
7 180
Toronto, Vancouver
Premier Intensive 30 lessons a week
Premier Plus 24 lessons a week
Premier Intensive30 lessons a week
Premier Plus 24 lessons a week

The Semester
Year

COST: residing at family (CAD)
3 830
4 350
6 190
7 080
Toronto, Vancouver
for 2
for 1
for 2
for 1

The Semester
Year

Family with a half board
Courses
Common
Special
Vacation courses for children & teenagers
Standard
Intensive
Super intensive
Basic
Intensive
Long-term
18-24 hours a week
In France there are a set of language schools offering courses of the French language as foreign , especially adapted for foreign students
French educational system is considered to be one of the best in the world
COST: courses of the French language for 12 weeks (3 months)
1 900
Nice
1 700
Paris
Ecole France Langue
1 950
Bordeaux, Biarritz, Toulon
Bordeaux Language Studies
City

The educational centre
COST: residing for 12 weeks (3 months)
2 200 without meal
2 800 with a half board
Nice
2 760 with breakfast
3 300 with a half board
Paris
Ecole France Langue
1 800 without meal (there is a kitchen)
2 800 with a half board
Bordeaux, Biarritz, Toulon
Bordeaux Language Studies
City
Single room
     Studying at the state universities of France  is free-of-charge.
There are courses of the French language adapted for foreign students

The cost is much more expensive but the variety of services included in it is less than in Canada.
Peculiarities of German HIGH SCHOOLS
     Entrance examinations do not exist.
     Foreigners only pass  the exam to check  German & it is possible to be  prepared for it being  a student   there
     Age restrictions and restrictions of the marital status.
     Students in Germany have possibility to work, are provided with a hostel, use huge quantity of privileges and discounts.
In high educational institutions of Germany successful students of the West-European schools are accepted . For the Russian student it is necessary to finish 2 courses of day time branch of the Russian institute  or 1 course of the Institute and preparatory branch of German University
The Automatic delay from the army.
Opportunity to chose any combination of courses at own desire: standard programs do not exist in German high schools, and visiting the lessons - is not necessary
State support of students
Opportunity of getting a residence permition
Providing yourself
Free-of-charge courses at a high school
The grants are not given
The knowledge of the German language at the initial stage is not required
Long term of studying
Paid practice in German firms
There are no personal curators
The right for work during education
High schools are over flown
Free-of-charge education
Disadvantages
Advantages
Cost of studying for foreign pupils in 2005/2006 (USD)
480-1360
4600
5000
4500-6500
5000- 8000
Foreign languages
200-600
5000
4500
-
4000
Journalism
400
5500
5500
-
5500 6000
Economic
250
4600
6000
6000
6000
Psychological
400-550 650
6500
5000
4500 5500
45005500
Philological
400 460
4600
4200
4000
4000
Historical
300 500
5000
45005500
4200-6000
4000 4500
Philosophical
Training  (per one month)
Postgraduate study
Magistracy
The expert
Bachelor
Faculties
  For foreigners it is necessary to pass test on Russian or a course of Russian for entering
Cost( comparatively cheap)
 High Quality
Variety of teaching techniques
Automatic delay from the army (For boys )

Additional payment for residing , language courses
You have to work to support yourself
Russian diploma is  quoted in some countries
In some high school special preparatory courses including
studying  the language are carried out
8 weeks
April - May or
 October - November
20 lessons
On preparation for passing an examination IELTS

duration of a lesson - 45 minutes
Individual classes
the year round
32 lessons
The Intensive course of the English language
the year round
20 lessons
The Standard course of the English language
Duration of the program
Amount of lessons per week
Type of a course

Living in campus
7000 GBP
CANTERBURY CHRIST CHURCH UNIVERSITY COLLEGE
Between the 2nd and 3rd year of training the student can pass the WHOLE YEAR of PAID TRAINING.
from 7 up to 11 thousand GBP
UNIVERSITY OF BRIGHTON
1. The broadest choice "rating " specialities2. Employment of university graduates for work by the largest corporations of the world (Boeing, Rolls Royce, Unilever, Boots, GSK, Slazenger etc.)3. Annually dozen s of  foreign students receive grants from 2 up to 5 thousand pounds
from 7800 up to 10500 GBP
UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD
Note
Cost
University
Each British University  has own rules & regulation depending on a course of the studying program
  High cost of studying
  Restriction for work while studying
  Narrow range of included services in price
  High level of English is required
  Russian students have no opportunities  to enter the University directly after finishing school
  No  previleges to children of high-ranking parents
  High level of edu-cation
  Strict discipline
     The educational system of the USA has no equal on breadth of a choice of educational institutions, conditions of training, education programs and subjects specialization.
Universities do not set off credits
Technical Institute
1)Students of such  colleges frequently are night-school students who work within a day.
2)Many of these schools offer special services for the international students
3)Free-of-charge studying
4)Many of public colleges also offer intensive programs of studying English
Public College
Cost of studying is usually  higher than in state College /University
Private College or University
Note
University
Types of high schools
      On the average in the USA the annual cost of training in college exceeds  $25000
$33 865
MANHATTANVILLE College
$30 450
NEW ENGLAND College
$29 925
MANHATTAN College
$28 115
LONG ISLAND University
$27 300
SIERRA NEVADA College
$26 000
PACIFIC University
$25 620
TRI STATE University
$23 500
FLORIDA SOUTHERN College
$21 525
AUGUSTANA College
      Teaching of foreign students is one of basic sources of income of many educational institutions of the USA, For example, in 2000-2001 year in colleges of the USA studied about 92000 foreign students
   Market of educational  services is very much advanced
   There is a complex system of  discounts
    The state allocates the grants to the Universities
    The sphere of education  is very mobile in prices & services
 Cultural Exchange
Universities In America
Au Pair
Direct Conversation
+
-
  Operates in many advanced countries
  Residing in an American family
  Free - of - charge
  For children of 15-18.5 years old
  Studying 5 or 10 month in comprehensive school
   The program is carried out  by American organization
  Living in American Family within a year
 Family pays for you
 You can earn money ($139.05 a week)
  You can attend English courses
 Free-of-charge travel there & back
 You can choose the family
+
-
 You do not get real edu- cation
Only for girls
Unfamiliar country, people & lifestyle
A lot of work (Babysitting)
  Allows to join educational programmes in advanced countries
  High education in colleges, Universities , language centres
 Various duration of studying (from 2 weeks)
 Teenagers 15-18 years old are accepted
	Having analized the number of foreign students involved in different educational programs we made this circuit.
	We have compared how much the students spend on education abroad. The results are as follows:
Charges on education abroad
Free-of-charge
Sweden
Switzerland
Free-of-charge
France
Free-of-charge
Finland
300 Euro a year
Portugal
1500 Euro a year
Netherlands
300 -  500 Euro a year
Italy
250 - 750 Euro a year
Spain
Free-of-charge
Germany
750 - 1500 Euro a  year
Austria


title: Презентация на тему: St. Valentine’s Day

text:
Love  makes  the  world  go round
Bee mine!
©
You Light
of my Life!
To:
From:
To:
From:
Sonnet
I
Through
Blue
Sky
Fly
To
You
Why?
Sweet
Love
Feet
Move
So
Slow.
Anon.
Valentine so bright and gay,I am sending out today.With the message, "I love you,"Hoping that you love me, too.
Red Rose
The rose was a favorite flower of Venus, the Roman goddess of love. Red is a color that stands for strong feelings. That is why the red rose is a flower of love.
Cupid
Son of Venus, goddess of love. He could cause people to fall in love by piercing them with one of his magic arrows.
goddess of love. He could cause people to

Correct  the  words
Sweetharts                                                             humorrous
                                                              mor          yearr                                                          mak                   frends
                                              Februry     selebrated       lowe
FIND THE PAIR

1. Carmen                                       a. Othello
2. Adam                                          b. Jane
3. Napoleon                                     c. Scarlet             4. John Lennon                                d. Romeo
5. Rhett Buttler                                e. Don Jose
6. Eurydice                                      f. Eve
7. Dezdemona                                 g. Ophelia
8. Tarzan                                        h. Joko Ono
9. Hamlet                                        i. Josephine
10. Juliette                                      j. Orpheus
JKANGAROOA LIONSTIGER   OELEPHANTN
HERE'S A SPEACIAL VALENTINE
WITH LOTS OF LOVE FOR YOU,
AND SINCE YOU ARE VERY SPECIAL
HERE ARE HUGS AND KISSES, TOO!

MATCH  THE  COLUMNS

 1. a part of your body                       a) Cupid
2. a heart-shaped card                       b) smile
3. a man who cared for people            c) chocolates
4. a boy shooting arrows                    d) rose
5. a kind of flower                              e) lace
6. a bunch of flowers                          f) St.Valentine
7. a friendly look                                g) bouquet
8. used with a bow                             h) heart
9. a fancy material                              i) valentine
10. a kind of candy                             j) arrow
Surprise!!!   No hometask


title: Презентация на тему: St.Valentines Day

text:
St.Valentines Day
St.Valentines Day
Valentines Day History

The History of Saint Valentine's Day

St. Valentine's Story

Valentine Traditions
Valentines Day History
There are varying opinions as to the origin of Valentine's Day. Some experts state that it originated from St. Valentine, a Roman who was martyred for refusing to give up Christianity. He died on February 14, 269 A.D., the same day that had been devoted to love lotteries. Legend also says that St. Valentine left a farewell note for the jailer's daughter, who had become his friend, and signed it "From Your Valentine". Other aspects of the story say that Saint Valentine served as a priest at the temple during the reign of Emperor Claudius. Claudius then had Valentine jailed for defying him. In 496 A.D. Pope Gelasius set aside February 14 to honor St. Valentine.
Gradually, February 14 became the date for exchanging love messages and St. Valentine became the patron saint of lovers. The date was marked by sending poems and simple gifts such as flowers. There was often a social gathering or a ball.
In the United States, Miss Esther Howland is given credit for sending the first valentine cards. Commercial valentines were introduced in the 1800's and now the date is very commercialised. The town of Loveland, Colorado, does a large post office business around February 14. The spirit of good continues as valentines are sent out with sentimental verses and children exchange valentine cards at school.
The History of Saint Valentine's Day
Valentine's Day started in the time of the Roman Empire. In ancient Rome, February 14th was a holiday to honor Juno. Juno was the Queen of the Roman Gods and Goddesses. The Romans also knew her as the Goddess of women and marriage. The following day, February 15th, began the Feast of Lupercalia.
The lives of young boys and girls were strictly separate. However, one of the customs of the young people was name drawing. On the eve of the festival of Lupercalia the names of Roman girls were written on slips of paper and placed into jars. Each young man would draw a girl's name from the jar and would then be partners for the duration of the festival with the girl whom he chose. Sometimes the pairing of the children lasted an entire year, and often, they would fall in love and would later marry.
The History of Saint Valentine's Day
Under the rule of Emperor Claudius II Rome was involved in many bloody and unpopular campaigns. Claudius the Cruel was having a difficult time getting soldiers to join his military leagues. He believed that the reason was that roman men did not want to leave their loves or families. As a result, Claudius cancelled all marriages and engagements in Rome. The good Saint Valentine was a priest at Rome in the days of Claudius II. He and Saint Marius aided the Christian martyrs and secretly married couples, and for this kind deed Saint Valentine was apprehended and dragged before the Prefect of Rome, who condemned him to be beaten to death with clubs and to have his head cut off. He suffered martyrdom on the 14th day of February, about the year 270. At that time it was the custom in Rome, a very ancient custom, indeed, to celebrate in the month of February the Lupercalia, feasts in honor of a heathen god. On these occasions, amidst a variety of pagan ceremonies, the names of young women were placed in a box, from which they were drawn by the men as chance directed.
The pastors of the early Christian Church in Rome endeavored to do away with the pagan element in these feasts by substituting the names of saints for those of maidens. And as the Lupercalia began about the middle of February, the pastors appear to have chosen Saint Valentine's Day for the celebration of this new feast. So it seems that the custom of young men choosing maidens for valentines, or saints as patrons for the coming year, arose in this way.
St. Valentine's Story
Let me introduce myself. My name is Valentine. I lived in Rome during the third century. That was long, long ago! At that time, Rome was ruled by an emperor named Claudius. I didn't like Emperor Claudius, and I wasn't the only one! A lot of people shared my feelings.
Claudius wanted to have a big army. He expected men to volunteer to join. Many men just did not want to fight in wars. They did not want to leave their wives and families. As you might have guessed, not many men signed up. This made Claudius furious. So what happened? He had a crazy idea. He thought that if men were not married, they would not mind joining the army. So Claudius decided not to allow any more marriages. Young people thought his new law was cruel. I thought it was preposterous! I certainly wasn't going to support that law!
Did I mention that I was a priest? One of my favorite activities was to marry couples. Even after Emperor Claudius passed his law, I kept on performing marriage ceremonies -- secretly, of course. It was really quite exciting. Imagine a small candlelit room with only the bride and groom and myself. We would whisper the words of the ceremony, listening all the while for the steps of soldiers.
One night, we did hear footsteps. It was scary! Thank goodness the couple I was marrying escaped in time. I was caught. (Not quite as light on my feet as I used to be, I guess.) I was thrown in jail and told that my punishment was death.
I tried to stay cheerful. And do you know what? Wonderful things happened. Many young people came to the jail to visit me. They threw flowers and notes up to my window. They wanted me to know that they, too, believed in love.
One of these young people was the daughter of the prison guard. Her father allowed her to visit me in the cell. Sometimes we would sit and talk for hours. She helped me to keep my spirits up. She agreed that I did the right thing by ignoring the Emperor and going ahead with the secret marriages. On the day I was to die, I left my friend a little note thanking her for her friendship and loyalty. I signed it, "Love from your Valentine."
I believe that note started the custom of exchanging love messages on Valentine's Day. It was written on the day I died, February 14, 269 A.D. Now, every year on this day, people remember. But most importantly, they think about love and friendship. And when they think of Emperor Claudius, they remember how he tried to stand in the way of love, and they laugh -- because they know that love can't be beaten!
Valentine Traditions
Hundreds of years ago in England, many children dressed up as adults on Valentine's Day. They went singing from home to home. One verse they sang was:
Good morning to you, valentine;Curl your locks as I do mine---Two before and three behind.Good morning to you, valentine.
In Wales wooden love spoons were carved and given as gifts on February 14th. Hearts, keys and keyholes were favorite decorations on the spoons. The decoration meant, "You unlock my heart!"
In Wales wooden love spoons were carved and given as gifts on February 14th. Hearts, keys and keyholes were favorite decorations on the spoons. The decoration meant, "You unlock my heart!"
In the Middle Ages, young men and women drew names from a bowl to see who their valentines would be. They would wear these names on their sleeves for one week. To wear your heart on your sleeve now means that it is easy for other people to know how you are feeling.
In some countries, a young woman may receive a gift of clothing from a young man.
 If she keeps the gift, it means she will marry him.
Some people used to believe that if a woman saw a robin flying overhead on Valentine's Day, it meant she would marry a sailor. If she saw a sparrow, she would marry a poor man and be very happy. If she saw a goldfinch, she would marry a millionaire.
A love seat is a wide chair. It was first made to seat one woman and her wide dress. Later, the love seat or courting seat had two sections, often in an S-shape. In this way, a couple could sit together -- but not too closely!
Think of five or six names of boys or girls you might marry, As you twist the stem of an apple, recite the names until the stem comes off. You will marry the person whose name you were saying when the stem fell off.


title: Презентация на тему: St.Valentine’s day

text:
People of all ages and other countries love to send  and receive valentines. Handmade valentines, created by cutting hearts out of coloured paper, show that a lot of thought was put into making them personal.

In elementary school s,children make valentines, they have a small party with refreshments.You can right a short rtyme inside the heart:
There are gold ships
And silver ships,
But no ships
Like friendship.

If you get a Valentine with a piece of a lace you may understand that the person who sent it must be crazy about you. Red roses are also often used as a love emblem.


title: Презентация на тему: Street dancе

text:
Street dance dance is a term, used to describe dance styles in the  streets, school yards and nightclubs.
Street Dance is a mix of various dancing genres, beginning from style Hip-Hop and to Break Dance. Street Dance has been born in streets of cities, noisy roads and includes elements of a jazz and classics.
Street dance  began appearing in the United States in the 1970s,  These dances are popular as a form of physical exercise, an art form, and for competition, and are today practiced both at dance studios and other spaces. Some schools use street dance as a form of physical education.
Improvisation is the heart of most street dances.
Dancers interpret the existing moves freely and even invent new ones to create a personal style of their own.

Today, serious street dance competitions are increasingly popular, and a number of large annual international events are taking place around the world, such as Battle of the Year, Juste Debout and House Dance International.

Some of the most famous street dance styles of today, such as breakdance, popping and locking, began appearing around the 1970s.
More recently, new street dance styles are emerging. Krumping,  is an example of such a style that just recently became publicly known.  Such styles are generally focused more on choreography and performance and less on improvisation and battles.
 In general, street dance is based on unique style or on the emotions expressed through dance, usually connected with a certain genre of music. New dancing movements come to light on the basis of sensations, dance constantly develops.
 All movements have been born in streets. Street Dance it is possible to dance as in steam, and to one, or in a circle of the same fans of modern dances.
Any interested person, even without any special preparation can dance Street Dance.
In this dance of a shower receives a relaxation, and the body moves itself to a step to music.
 Popularity of this dancing style is huge among youth.  Elements of Street Dance are used directly by a scenic choreography of the most popular musical executors with a world name.
There are many various directions: goths, emo, skinheads. It is impossible to tell precisely if it is well  or bad! After all each person has his own  opinion! Tastes differ!


title: Презентация на тему: Steve Jobs

text:
STEVE JOBS
Born in San Francisco in 1955, Jobs was adopted by Paul and Clara Jobs of Santa Clara, Calif.
Jobs attended high school in Cupertino, Calif., the city where Apple is based. In 1972, he briefly attended Reed College in Portland, Ore., but dropped out after a semester. Jobs returned to California in 1974 and landed a job with Atari, where his friend and eventual business partner Steve Wozniak also works.

Apple was established on April 1, 1976 by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Ronald Wayne, to sell the Apple I personal computer kit. They were hand-built by Wozniak and first shown to the public at the Homebrew Computer Club. The Apple I was sold as a motherboard (with CPU, RAM, and basic textual-video chips) - less than what is today considered a complete personal computer. The Apple I went on sale in July 1976.
APPLE II
Apple II was the first mass personal computer in the world. He had a plastic housing,a device for reading floppy disks and support for color graphics. To ensure thesuccessful sales of computer Jobs ordered the launch of advertising campaigns anddevelop a beautiful and a standard computer package, which was clearly seen the new logo - a rainbow apple. Jobs on the idea, the colors of the rainbowshould emphasize the fact that the Apple II is capable of supporting color graphics.Since its launch lineup of Apple II, has sold more than 5 million computers. In late 1980, Apple held a successful IPO, bringing Steve Jobs became a millionaire in 25 years.
ANIMATION STUDIO PIXAR
Steve Jobs co-founded the animation studio Pixar. Under the leadership of Jobs'Pixar has released such films as "Toy Story" and "Monsters, Inc.". In 2006, Jobs sold Pixar Studios Walt Disney for $ 7.4 million in shares of the company.
MODERN MODELS OF COMPUTERS
Steve Jobs was a pioneer. He certainly was "in the right place at the right time, offering timely product and having a suitable temperament." To succeed, he was initially ready to go at all. Authoritarianism and dictatorship, perhaps, were not the best methods of winning friends and influence, but certainly without them would not take place the phenomenon of "Apple". To achieve the objective Jobs used all his"will to power." That's what he differed from most successful managers of their time,and due to this he managed to make history.


title: Презентация на тему: ST. Valentine 's Day (День Святого Валентина)

text:
We show friendly feelings to those whom.
We love respect and adore.
We send cards  and presents with best
wishes and congratulations.
Cupid with his bow and arrows ( a symbol of love)
A coin ( if someone gives you a coin he/she is wishing you to be wealthy


title: Презентация на тему: Stupka Bogdan Sylvestrovych

text:
Stupka Bogdan Sylvestrovych
 27. August 1941 in Kulykiw † 22. Juli 2012 in Kiew
Schauspieler geboren 27. August 1941 in das Dorf. Kulikov in Lviv, die damals unter der deutschen Besatzung war und in dem Distrikt Galizien im Generalgouvernement entfernt.
Gewöhnt an Szenen seiner Familie: Sein Vater sang im Chor der L'Opera, war der Bruder meiner Mutter in der gleichen Solistin und Tante - die wichtigsten Begleiter.
Hinter den Kulissen des Theaters Bogdan Stupka gesehen und gehört von vielen berühmten Sängerinnen der Nachkriegszeit, darunter Ivan Koslowski und Sergei Lemeshev.
Biografie
Stupka trat in über hundert Film- und über fünfzig Theaterrollen auf. Er war Träger der Auszeichnungen Volkskünstler der UdSSR und Verdienter Künstler der Ukraine sowie des ukrainischen Taras-Schewtschenko-Nationalpreises. Am 23. August 2011 wurde ihm zudem der Titel Held der Ukraine verliehen. Von 1999 bis 2001 war Stupka Kulturminister der Ukraine.Danach leitete er da sAkademische Ukrainische Dramatische Nationaltheater „Iwan Franko“ in Kiew.
Werdegang
22. Juli 2012 Bogdan Stupka nach langer Krankheit am einundsiebzigsten Lebensjahr starb um 6:45 im Krankenhaus "Feofaniya" . 24. Juli 2012 im Theater nach Ivan Franko Zeremonie Abschied von dem Schauspieler benannt.  Nach seinem Sohn, Ostap, Todesursache war ein Herzinfarkt gegen Knochenkrebs gestartet.
Bogdan Stupka würde eines Tages mit seiner Mutter Maria Stupka, der am Abend des 23. bis 24. JULI 2007 übergeben sterben.

Begraben in Kiew Baikove Friedhof
Sterben


title: Презентация на тему: Страна Грамматикаглагол to beв настоящем времени

text:
Страна Грамматикаглагол to beв настоящем времени
Сибирина Елена Рудольфовна,
МБОУ СОШ №1,
Г.Александров
Hi, friends!Welcome to the Grammar Land!
Hi!

I’m Dragon.

Hi! I’m Buratino.

Who are you?

Sit down, Buratino.
I’ll teach you!

Глагол to be в настоящем времени
Глагол be в настоящем времени имеет 3 формы: am, are, is. В русском языке эти формы соответствуют форме глагола быть – есть, которая часто
опускается.

               Tom is a cat.
             Том  - кот.
                        She is at school.
                     Она в школе.
                          My pet is funny.
                         Мой питомец забавный.
Но английское предложение без глагола существовать не может. Глагол be называют глаголом-связкой, потому что никакого действия он не выражает, его задача – «связать» слова в предложение. Англичанин, который плохо говорит по-русски, сказал бы так:
                      «Мой друг есть дома», «Она есть ученица»,
                      «Ручка есть красная» и т. п.

Помимо того, что вам необходимо следить за тем, чтобы в английском предложении был глагол, вы ещё должны помнить соответствующую форму глагола:

           I am / you, we, they are / he, she, it is.
Обратите внимание на то, что не всегда следует переводить каждое слово:
                  Мне семь лет. → I am 7.
                 Ему восемь лет. → He is 8.

Чтобы сказать нет
(«Он не дома», «Ему не шесть лет»),
 нужно сразу после глагола-связки употребить слово
not:

I am not (= I’m not) at home. – Я не дома.
She is not (= She isn’t) at school. – Она не в школе.
It is not (= It isn’t) a dog. – Это не собака.
We are not (= We aren’t) eight. – Нам не восемь.
You are not (= You aren’t) lazy. – Вы не ленивые.
They are not (= They aren’t) pupils. – Они не ученики.

Чтобы утвердительное предложение превратить в вопросительное, нужно глагол поставить на 1-ое место:
                               He is a pupil.

                               Is he a pupil?
Вопросы, на которые можно ответить Да или Нет, называются общими. В английском языке они всегда начинаются с глагола:
   Am I at home?
                            Is he / she / it  at home?
                         Are we / you / they at home?

Ты всё понял?

А я сейчас познакомлю тебя со своим братом. Смотри!
Понять-то понял…

Но как это запомнить?

Я – твой друг. Дракон to be.
На меня ты посмотри
И запомни без проблем:
Вместе с I я буду am
He, she, it скатились вниз
Там их встретит братец is.
Завязалась чехарда –
You, we, they догнали are.

Теперь давай проверим, как ты всё запомнил
Расставь местоимения:
 is                                am                       are
I
it
we
she
they
he
you

Какое слово выбрать?
I  …   Buratino.

is
are
am

Какое слово выбрать?
He   …  Dragon.

am
are
is

Какое слово выбрать?
We   …  friends.

am
is
are

Задай вопрос

is
a cat
it
?

Составь предложение

Jane
are
pupils
Mike
and
not

Найди правильные предложения
Snowy am little.
I is at home.
We are pupils.
My mother is kind.
They is six.
Are you at school?


title: Презентация на тему: Stress: Causes and Ways of Handling

text:
Stress: Causes and Ways of Handling
Stress management is the need of the hour!
What is stress?
Stress – is an any opposing reaction to your own intention that causes strain or tension.
 factors of stress
external
internal
job;
relationships;
 difficulties;
 expectations

health;
 fitness levels;
 emotional well-being;
 the amount of sleep and rest you get.

What are the signs and symptoms of poorly managed stress?
Headaches;
Loss in appetite or eating more;
Loss of enthusiasm or energy;
Feeling of loneliness;
Depression or unhappiness;
Moodiness;
Anxiety.

Who is most vulnerable to stress?
People without social support;
People who get not enough sleep;
People who are physically unwell;
What are the effects of stress on medical conditions?
dizzy spells;
tension;
Sleeplessness;
short temper;
frequent cold;
pain in chest;

How can we manage stress?
Exercising
Meditation
Massages
Get enough sleep
Take a long bath
Visualization
Yoga
Laughter
Animals therapy
Thanks for your attention!