title: Презентация на тему: The History of Apple, Inc.

text:
The History of Apple, Inc.
by Leanne Gray
1971
Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak
Apple I
Apple II
1984: Macintosh
The Mac & Design
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The History of Apple, Inc.
by Leanne Gray
1971
Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak
Apple I
Apple II
1984: Macintosh
The Mac & Design
Fast Facts
Apple is and has been the only company to develop, design, and sell their software and computer peripherals.
The History of Apple, Inc.
by Leanne Gray
1971
Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak
Apple I
Apple II
1984: Macintosh
The Mac & Design
Fast Facts
Apple is and has been the only company to develop, design, and sell both their software and computer peripherals.
The History of Apple, Inc.
by Leanne Gray
Jobs and Woz
First met in 1971; Jobs was 16, Wozniak was 21
Steve Wozniak built a computer to run on the 6502 chip from MOS technology, but Jobs had the idea to sell it
Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Mike Markkula formed Apple Computer on April 1, 1976, after taking out a $250,000 loan.
Apple I
First demonstrated in April 1976
Used a TV as a display
Many machines had no display
Cassette interface
Used fewer parts than anything in its class
Apple II
1984: Macintosh
The Mac & Design
Fast Facts
Apple is and has been the only company to develop, design, and sell both their software and computer peripherals.
The History of Apple, Inc.
by Leanne Gray
Jobs and Woz
First met in 1971; Jobs was 16, Wozniak was 21
Steve Wozniak built a computer to run on the 6502 chip from MOS technology, but Jobs had the idea to sell it
Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Mike Markkula formed Apple Computer on April 1, 1976, after taking out a $250,000 loan.
Apple I
First demonstrated in April 1976
Used a TV as a display
Many machines had no display
Cassette interface
Used fewer parts than anything in its class
Apple II
1984: Macintosh
The Mac & Design
Fast Facts
Apple is and has been the only company to develop, design, and sell both their software and computer peripherals.
The History of Apple, Inc.
by Leanne Gray
Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Mike Markkula formed Apple Computer on April 1, 1976, after taking out a $250,000 loan.
Jobs and Woz
First met in 1971; Jobs was 16, Wozniak was 21
Steve Wozniak built a computer to run on the 6502 chip from MOS technology, but Jobs had the idea to sell it
Apple I
First demonstrated in April 1976
Used a TV as a display
Many machines had no display
Cassette interface
Used fewer parts than anything in its class
Apple II
1984: Macintosh
The Mac & Design
Fast Facts
Apple is and has been the only company to develop, design, and sell both their software and computer peripherals.
Steve Jobs owned Pixar until January 2006 when Disney bought it for $7.4 billion.
The History of Apple, Inc.
by Leanne Gray
Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Mike Markkula formed Apple Computer on April 1, 1976, after taking out a $250,000 loan.
Jobs and Woz
First met in 1971; Jobs was 16, Wozniak was 21
Steve Wozniak built a computer to run on the 6502 chip from MOS technology, but Jobs had the idea to sell it
Apple I
First demonstrated in April 1976
Used a TV as a display
Many machines had no display
Cassette interface
Used fewer parts than anything in its class
Apple II
1984: Macintosh
The Mac & Design
Fast Facts
Apple is and has been the only company to develop, design, and sell both their software and computer peripherals.
Steve Jobs owned Pixar until January 2006 when Disney bought it for $7.4 billion.
Created an entire Mac Family:
MacPlus (1986)
Mac SE and Mac II (1987)
Mac Classic and Mac LC (1990)
Macintosh Portable (1989)
PowerBook (1991)
The History of Apple, Inc.
by Leanne Gray
Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Mike Markkula formed Apple Computer on April 1, 1976, after taking out a $250,000 loan.
Jobs and Woz
First met in 1971; Jobs was 16, Wozniak was 21
Steve Wozniak built a computer to run on the 6502 chip from MOS technology, but Jobs had the idea to sell it
Apple I
First demonstrated in April 1976
Used a TV as a display
Many machines had no display
Cassette interface
Used fewer parts than anything in its class
Apple II
1984: Macintosh
AIM Alliance
In 1991, Apple Computer, IBM, and Motorola joined to create the PowerPC processors
Apple & IBM created two side projects called Taligent and Kaleida Labs.
The Mac & Design
Fast Facts
Apple is and has been the only company to develop, design, and sell both their software and computer peripherals.
Steve Jobs owned Pixar until January 2006 when Disney bought it for $7.4 billion.
The History of Apple, Inc.
by Leanne Gray
Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Mike Markkula formed Apple Computer on April 1, 1976, after taking out a $250,000 loan.
Jobs and Woz
First met in 1971; Jobs was 16, Wozniak was 21
Steve Wozniak built a computer to run on the 6502 chip from MOS technology, but Jobs had the idea to sell it
Apple I
First demonstrated in April 1976
Used a TV as a display
Many machines had no display
Cassette interface
Used fewer parts than anything in its class
Apple II
1984: Macintosh
AIM Alliance
In 1991, Apple Computer, IBM, and Motorola joined to create the PowerPC processors
Apple & IBM created two side projects called Taligent and Kaleida Labs.
The Mac & Design
Fast Facts
Apple is and has been the only company to develop, design, and sell both their software and computer peripherals.
Steve Jobs owned Pixar until January 2006 when Disney bought it for $7.4 billion.
The History of Apple, Inc.
by Leanne Gray
Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Mike Markkula formed Apple Computer on April 1, 1976, after taking out a $250,000 loan.
Jobs and Woz
First met in 1971; Jobs was 16, Wozniak was 21
Steve Wozniak built a computer to run on the 6502 chip from MOS technology, but Jobs had the idea to sell it
Apple I
First demonstrated in April 1976
Used a TV as a display
Many machines had no display
Cassette interface
Used fewer parts than anything in its class
Apple II
1984: Macintosh
AIM Alliance
In 1991, Apple Computer, IBM, and Motorola joined to create the PowerPC processors
Apple & IBM created two side projects called Taligent and Kaleida Labs.
AIM Alliance
Started Power Macintosh line in 1994 using PReP (PowerPC Reference Platform)
Produced the first hand-held PDA, the Newton, in 1993
Did not take off for Apple, but was the forerunner for PalmPilot and Palm PC
The Mac & Design
Fast Facts
Apple is and has been the only company to develop, design, and sell both their software and computer peripherals.
Steve Jobs owned Pixar until January 2006 when Disney bought it for $7.4 billion.
The History of Apple, Inc.
by Leanne Gray
Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Mike Markkula formed Apple Computer on April 1, 1976, after taking out a $250,000 loan.
Jobs and Woz
First met in 1971; Jobs was 16, Wozniak was 21
Steve Wozniak built a computer to run on the 6502 chip from MOS technology, but Jobs had the idea to sell it
Apple I
First demonstrated in April 1976
Used a TV as a display
Many machines had no display
Cassette interface
Used fewer parts than anything in its class
Apple II
1984: Macintosh
AIM Alliance
In 1991, Apple Computer, IBM, and Motorola joined to create the PowerPC processors
Apple & IBM created two side projects called Taligent and Kaleida Labs.
AIM Alliance
Started Power Macintosh line in 1994 using PReP (PowerPC Reference Platform)
Produced the first hand-held PDA, the Newton, in 1993
Did not take off for Apple, but was the forerunner for PalmPilot and Palm PC
Power Struggle
The Mac & Design
Fast Facts
Apple is and has been the only company to develop, design, and sell both their software and computer peripherals.
Steve Jobs owned Pixar until January 2006 when Disney bought it for $7.4 billion.
Created an entire Mac Family:
MacPlus (1986)
Mac SE and Mac II (1987)
Mac Classic and Mac LC (1990)
Macintosh Portable (1989)
PowerBook (1991)
The History of Apple, Inc.
by Leanne Gray
Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Mike Markkula formed Apple Computer on April 1, 1976, after taking out a $250,000 loan.
Jobs and Woz
First met in 1971; Jobs was 16, Wozniak was 21
Steve Wozniak built a computer to run on the 6502 chip from MOS technology, but Jobs had the idea to sell it
Apple I
First demonstrated in April 1976
Used a TV as a display
Many machines had no display
Cassette interface
Used fewer parts than anything in its class
Apple II
1984: Macintosh
AIM Alliance
In 1991, Apple Computer, IBM, and Motorola joined to create the PowerPC processors
Apple & IBM created two side projects called Taligent and Kaleida Labs.
AIM Alliance
Started Power Macintosh line in 1994 using PReP (PowerPC Reference Platform)
Produced the first hand-held PDA, the Newton, in 1993
Did not take off for Apple, but was the forerunner for PalmPilot and Palm PC
Power Struggle
Jobs was fired in 1985 by the board of directors, but after three unsuccessful CEOs throughout the early-mid 90s, was brought back in 1997 and assumed the position of interim CEO.
The Mac & Design
Fast Facts
Apple is and has been the only company to develop, design, and sell both their software and computer peripherals.
Steve Jobs owned Pixar until January 2006 when Disney bought it for $7.4 billion.
The History of Apple, Inc.
by Leanne Gray
Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Mike Markkula formed Apple Computer on April 1, 1976, after taking out a $250,000 loan.
Jobs and Woz
First met in 1971; Jobs was 16, Wozniak was 21
Steve Wozniak built a computer to run on the 6502 chip from MOS technology, but Jobs had the idea to sell it
Apple I
First demonstrated in April 1976
Used a TV as a display
Many machines had no display
Cassette interface
Used fewer parts than anything in its class
Apple II
1984: Macintosh
AIM Alliance
In 1991, Apple Computer, IBM, and Motorola joined to create the PowerPC processors
Apple & IBM created two side projects called Taligent and Kaleida Labs.
AIM Alliance
Started Power Macintosh line in 1994 using PReP (PowerPC Reference Platform)
Produced the first hand-held PDA, the Newton, in 1993
Did not take off for Apple, but was the forerunner for PalmPilot and Palm PC
Power Struggle
Jobs was fired in 1985 by the board of directors, but after three unsuccessful CEOs throughout the early-mid 90s, was brought back in 1997 and assumed the position of interim CEO.
iMac is Born
Mac OS X
iPod
The Mac & Design
Fast Facts
Apple is and has been the only company to develop, design, and sell both their software and computer peripherals.
Steve Jobs owned Pixar until January 2006 when Disney bought it for $7.4 billion.
The History of Apple, Inc.
by Leanne Gray
Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Mike Markkula formed Apple Computer on April 1, 1976, after taking out a $250,000 loan.
Jobs and Woz
First met in 1971; Jobs was 16, Wozniak was 21
Steve Wozniak built a computer to run on the 6502 chip from MOS technology, but Jobs had the idea to sell it
Apple I
First demonstrated in April 1976
Used a TV as a display
Many machines had no display
Cassette interface
Used fewer parts than anything in its class
Apple II
1984: Macintosh
AIM Alliance
In 1991, Apple Computer, IBM, and Motorola joined to create the PowerPC processors
Apple & IBM created two side projects called Taligent and Kaleida Labs.
AIM Alliance
Started Power Macintosh line in 1994 using PReP (PowerPC Reference Platform)
Produced the first hand-held PDA, the Newton, in 1993
Did not take off for Apple, but was the forerunner for PalmPilot and Palm PC
Power Struggle
Jobs was fired in 1985 by the board of directors, but after three unsuccessful CEOs throughout the early-mid 90s, was brought back in 1997 and assumed the position of interim CEO.
iMac is Born
Mac OS X
iPod
The Mac & Design
Fast Facts
Apple is and has been the only company to develop, design, and sell both their software and computer peripherals.
Steve Jobs owned Pixar until January 2006 when Disney bought it for $7.4 billion.
The History of Apple, Inc.
by Leanne Gray
Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Mike Markkula formed Apple Computer on April 1, 1976, after taking out a $250,000 loan.
Jobs and Woz
First met in 1971; Jobs was 16, Wozniak was 21
Steve Wozniak built a computer to run on the 6502 chip from MOS technology, but Jobs had the idea to sell it
Apple I
First demonstrated in April 1976
Used a TV as a display
Many machines had no display
Cassette interface
Used fewer parts than anything in its class
Apple II
1984: Macintosh
AIM Alliance
In 1991, Apple Computer, IBM, and Motorola joined to create the PowerPC processors
Apple & IBM created two side projects called Taligent and Kaleida Labs.
AIM Alliance
Started Power Macintosh line in 1994 using PReP (PowerPC Reference Platform)
Produced the first hand-held PDA, the Newton, in 1993
Did not take off for Apple, but was the forerunner for PalmPilot and Palm PC
Power Struggle
Jobs was fired in 1985 by the board of directors, but after three unsuccessful CEOs throughout the early-mid 90s, was brought back in 1997 and assumed the position of interim CEO.
iMac is Born
Mac OS X
iPod
The Mac & Design
Fast Facts
Apple is and has been the only company to develop, design, and sell both their software and computer peripherals.
Steve Jobs owned Pixar until January 2006 when Disney bought it for $7.4 billion.
The History of Apple, Inc.
by Leanne Gray
Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Mike Markkula formed Apple Computer on April 1, 1976, after taking out a $250,000 loan.
Jobs and Woz
First met in 1971; Jobs was 16, Wozniak was 21
Steve Wozniak built a computer to run on the 6502 chip from MOS technology, but Jobs had the idea to sell it
Apple I
First demonstrated in April 1976
Used a TV as a display
Many machines had no display
Cassette interface
Used fewer parts than anything in its class
Apple II
1984: Macintosh
AIM Alliance
In 1991, Apple Computer, IBM, and Motorola joined to create the PowerPC processors
Apple & IBM created two side projects called Taligent and Kaleida Labs.
AIM Alliance
Started Power Macintosh line in 1994 using PReP (PowerPC Reference Platform)
Produced the first hand-held PDA, the Newton, in 1993
Did not take off for Apple, but was the forerunner for PalmPilot and Palm PC
Power Struggle
Jobs was fired in 1985 by the board of directors, but after three unsuccessful CEOs throughout the early-mid 90s, was brought back in 1997 and assumed the position of interim CEO.
iMac is Born
Mac OS X
iPod
The Mac & Design
Fast Facts
Apple is and has been the only company to develop, design, and sell both their software and computer peripherals.
Steve Jobs owned Pixar until January 2006 when Disney bought it for $7.4 billion.
The History of Apple, Inc.
by Leanne Gray
Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Mike Markkula formed Apple Computer on April 1, 1976, after taking out a $250,000 loan.
Jobs and Woz
First met in 1971; Jobs was 16, Wozniak was 21
Steve Wozniak built a computer to run on the 6502 chip from MOS technology, but Jobs had the idea to sell it
Apple I
First demonstrated in April 1976
Used a TV as a display
Many machines had no display
Cassette interface
Used fewer parts than anything in its class
Apple II
1984: Macintosh
AIM Alliance
In 1991, Apple Computer, IBM, and Motorola joined to create the PowerPC processors
Apple & IBM created two side projects called Taligent and Kaleida Labs.
AIM Alliance
Started Power Macintosh line in 1994 using PReP (PowerPC Reference Platform)
Produced the first hand-held PDA, the Newton, in 1993
Did not take off for Apple, but was the forerunner for PalmPilot and Palm PC
Power Struggle
Jobs was fired in 1985 by the board of directors, but after three unsuccessful CEOs throughout the early-mid 90s, was brought back in 1997 and assumed the position of interim CEO.
iMac is Born
Mac OS X
iPod
Introduced on October 23, 2001
5GB hard drive; 1000 songs
Apple had already registered the name for a group of internet kiosks that were never implemented
The Mac & Design
Fast Facts
Apple is and has been the only company to develop, design, and sell both their software and computer peripherals.
Steve Jobs owned Pixar until January 2006 when Disney bought it for $7.4 billion.
The History of Apple, Inc.
by Leanne Gray
Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Mike Markkula formed Apple Computer on April 1, 1976, after taking out a $250,000 loan.
Jobs and Woz
First met in 1971; Jobs was 16, Wozniak was 21
Steve Wozniak built a computer to run on the 6502 chip from MOS technology, but Jobs had the idea to sell it
Apple I
First demonstrated in April 1976
Used a TV as a display
Many machines had no display
Cassette interface
Used fewer parts than anything in its class
Apple II
1984: Macintosh
AIM Alliance
In 1991, Apple Computer, IBM, and Motorola joined to create the PowerPC processors
Apple & IBM created two side projects called Taligent and Kaleida Labs.
AIM Alliance
Started Power Macintosh line in 1994 using PReP (PowerPC Reference Platform)
Produced the first hand-held PDA, the Newton, in 1993
Did not take off for Apple, but was the forerunner for PalmPilot and Palm PC
Power Struggle
Jobs was fired in 1985 by the board of directors, but after three unsuccessful CEOs throughout the early-mid 90s, was brought back in 1997 and assumed the position of interim CEO.
iMac is Born
Mac OS X
iPod
Introduced on October 23, 2001
5GB hard drive; 1000 songs
Apple had already registered the name for a group of internet kiosks that were never implemented
The Mac & Design
Fast Facts
Apple is and has been the only company to develop, design, and sell both their software and computer peripherals.
Steve Jobs owned Pixar until January 2006 when Disney bought it for $7.4 billion.
The History of Apple, Inc.
by Leanne Gray
Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Mike Markkula formed Apple Computer on April 1, 1976, after taking out a $250,000 loan.
Jobs and Woz
First met in 1971; Jobs was 16, Wozniak was 21
Steve Wozniak built a computer to run on the 6502 chip from MOS technology, but Jobs had the idea to sell it
Apple I
First demonstrated in April 1976
Used a TV as a display
Many machines had no display
Cassette interface
Used fewer parts than anything in its class
Apple II
1984: Macintosh
AIM Alliance
In 1991, Apple Computer, IBM, and Motorola joined to create the PowerPC processors
Apple & IBM created two side projects called Taligent and Kaleida Labs.
AIM Alliance
Started Power Macintosh line in 1994 using PReP (PowerPC Reference Platform)
Produced the first hand-held PDA, the Newton, in 1993
Did not take off for Apple, but was the forerunner for PalmPilot and Palm PC
Power Struggle
Jobs was fired in 1985 by the board of directors, but after three unsuccessful CEOs throughout the early-mid 90s, was brought back in 1997 and assumed the position of interim CEO.
iMac is Born
Mac OS X
iPod
Introduced on October 23, 2001
5GB hard drive; 1000 songs
Apple had already registered the name for a group of internet kiosks that were never implemented
iPod + iTunes
The Mac & Design
Fast Facts
Apple is and has been the only company to develop, design, and sell both their software and computer peripherals.
Steve Jobs owned Pixar until January 2006 when Disney bought it for $7.4 billion.
The History of Apple, Inc.
by Leanne Gray
Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Mike Markkula formed Apple Computer on April 1, 1976, after taking out a $250,000 loan.
Jobs and Woz
First met in 1971; Jobs was 16, Wozniak was 21
Steve Wozniak built a computer to run on the 6502 chip from MOS technology, but Jobs had the idea to sell it
Apple I
First demonstrated in April 1976
Used a TV as a display
Many machines had no display
Cassette interface
Used fewer parts than anything in its class
Apple II
1984: Macintosh
AIM Alliance
In 1991, Apple Computer, IBM, and Motorola joined to create the PowerPC processors
Apple & IBM created two side projects called Taligent and Kaleida Labs.
AIM Alliance
Started Power Macintosh line in 1994 using PReP (PowerPC Reference Platform)
Produced the first hand-held PDA, the Newton, in 1993
Did not take off for Apple, but was the forerunner for PalmPilot and Palm PC
Power Struggle
Jobs was fired in 1985 by the board of directors, but after three unsuccessful CEOs throughout the early-mid 90s, was brought back in 1997 and assumed the position of interim CEO.
iMac is Born
Mac OS X
iPod
Introduced on October 23, 2001
5GB hard drive; 1000 songs
Apple had already registered the name for a group of internet kiosks that were never implemented
iPod + iTunes
Launched in 2003; had 2 million downloads in 16 days
Over 2 billion songs sold
1.2 billion songs sold in 2006 alone
Apple, Inc.
The Mac & Design
Fast Facts
Apple is and has been the only company to develop, design, and sell both their software and computer peripherals.
Steve Jobs owned Pixar until January 2006 when Disney bought it for $7.4 billion.
The History of Apple, Inc.
by Leanne Gray
Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Mike Markkula formed Apple Computer on April 1, 1976, after taking out a $250,000 loan.
Jobs and Woz
First met in 1971; Jobs was 16, Wozniak was 21
Steve Wozniak built a computer to run on the 6502 chip from MOS technology, but Jobs had the idea to sell it
Apple I
First demonstrated in April 1976
Used a TV as a display
Many machines had no display
Cassette interface
Used fewer parts than anything in its class
Apple II
1984: Macintosh
AIM Alliance
In 1991, Apple Computer, IBM, and Motorola joined to create the PowerPC processors
Apple & IBM created two side projects called Taligent and Kaleida Labs.
AIM Alliance
Started Power Macintosh line in 1994 using PReP (PowerPC Reference Platform)
Produced the first hand-held PDA, the Newton, in 1993
Did not take off for Apple, but was the forerunner for PalmPilot and Palm PC
Power Struggle
Jobs was fired in 1985 by the board of directors, but after three unsuccessful CEOs throughout the early-mid 90s, was brought back in 1997 and assumed the position of interim CEO.
iMac is Born
Mac OS X
iPod
Introduced on October 23, 2001
5GB hard drive; 1000 songs
Apple had already registered the name for a group of internet kiosks that were never implemented
iPod + iTunes
Launched in 2003; had 2 million downloads in 16 days
Over 2 billion songs sold
1.2 billion songs sold in 2006 alone
Apple, Inc.
The Mac & Design
Fast Facts
Apple is and has been the only company to develop, design, and sell both their software and computer peripherals.
Steve Jobs owned Pixar until January 2006 when Disney bought it for $7.4 billion.
The History of Apple, Inc.
by Leanne Gray
Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Mike Markkula formed Apple Computer on April 1, 1976, after taking out a $250,000 loan.
Jobs and Woz
First met in 1971; Jobs was 16, Wozniak was 21
Steve Wozniak built a computer to run on the 6502 chip from MOS technology, but Jobs had the idea to sell it
Apple I
First demonstrated in April 1976
Used a TV as a display
Many machines had no display
Cassette interface
Used fewer parts than anything in its class
Apple II
1984: Macintosh
AIM Alliance
In 1991, Apple Computer, IBM, and Motorola joined to create the PowerPC processors
Apple & IBM created two side projects called Taligent and Kaleida Labs.
AIM Alliance
Started Power Macintosh line in 1994 using PReP (PowerPC Reference Platform)
Produced the first hand-held PDA, the Newton, in 1993
Did not take off for Apple, but was the forerunner for PalmPilot and Palm PC
Power Struggle
Jobs was fired in 1985 by the board of directors, but after three unsuccessful CEOs throughout the early-mid 90s, was brought back in 1997 and assumed the position of interim CEO.
iMac is Born
Mac OS X
iPod
Introduced on October 23, 2001
5GB hard drive; 1000 songs
Apple had already registered the name for a group of internet kiosks that were never implemented
iPod + iTunes
Launched in 2003; had 2 million downloads in 16 days
Over 2 billion songs sold
1.2 billion songs sold in 2006 alone
Apple, Inc.


title: Презентация на тему: The Land Down Under

text:
It was discovered by the Dutch in 1606, but the continent  was not settled till Captain Cook discovered the east coast in 1770.  It was first used as colony for convicts.
Australia is an island, a continent and a country. It's the world's largest island and its smallest (but oldest!) continent. And it's the only country that has a whole continent to itself!
Australia is located to the south of Asia between the Pacific and Indian Oceans. It is separated from Asia by the Arafura and Timor seas.
 The total area of the country is 7.7 million square km.
 Until 1901 Australia was a British colony. Now Australia is an independent federal state within the Commonwealth headed by the British Queen. The Queen is represented by  Governor General. The Head of Government is Prime Minister.
Capital: Canberra (since 1927)
National holiday: Australia Day, January 26th (celebrates the first settlement of Australia)
Currency: Australian dollar
There are 6 states and 2 territories in Australia.
Adelaide
Brisbane
Canberra
Darwin
Hobart
Melbourne
Perth
Sydney
The population of the country  is more than 20 million people. It is mainly of British origin.Most of them live in the eight large cities. There are about 200000 aborigines (native inhabitants) in Australia.
The climate of Australia
Australia has several different climatic regions , from warm to subtropical  and tropical. There are tropical forests in the north- east because the winds from the sea bring heavy rainfalls. The climate in the west is very dry and more  than half of Australia gets very little rain. In the south-west and east the winds bring rain in winter.
Australia is the flattest and driest continent. Two-thirds of the land is desert. In some places it sometimes doesn't rain for years! The driest and hottest place in Australia is the Simpson Desert. Summer temperatures here can be more than 50°C. The Simpson Desert is famous for its parallel sand dunes.
One of the most beautiful things you can see in Australia is Ayers Rock (or Uluru). This huge rock is 348 metres high and 348 kilometres long, but what you see of Uluru is the top of the iceberg. There are another 2,100 metres under the ground. Uluru is 600 million years old. The best time to see it is at the end of the day, when its colour changes from yellow to gold, red and then purple. Uluru is a sacred place for Australia's native people, the Aborigines. They believe that it's full of spirits that created the world.
The highest point of Australia is Mount Kosciusko (2,228 m)
The Great Barrier Reef
The Great Barrier Reef is the largest coral reef in the world and the only living thing on our planet that can be seen from space! There are more than 1,500 kinds of fish and 400 types of coral in the Great Barrier Reef. No place on land has a greater variety of sea life!
There are lots of strange and unusual animals in Australia. Many of them- the kangaroo, the dingo, the koala,  the echidna, the platypus are found nowhere in the world.
The native plants are the eucalyptus, the bottle tree, the wattle, the acacia.
The project was done by Elena Volkova, 11th  form, school 347,Spb


title: Презентация на тему: The history of invention of the steam turbine

text:
	is a device that extracts thermal energy from pressurized steam and uses it to do mechanical work on a rotating output shaft.
	The nineteenth century is not for nothing called the century of steam. With the invention of the steam engine was a real revolution in the industry, energy and transport. It became possible to mechanize the work that previously required too many people's hands.
	The expansion of industrial production required the increasing engine power. However, initially a high power was not a specification of steam turbine...
	Hydraulic turbine as a device for converting the potential energy of water into kinetic energy of the rotating shaft has been known since ancient times. The steam turbine has as a long history, it is one of the first designs known under the name "Heron's turbine" and dates from the first century BC. However, until the XIX century, steam turbines was rather toys than real industrial application devices.
	And only with the beginning of the industrial revolution in Europe, after extensive practical application D. Watt's steam engine, inventors have to look closely to the steam turbine
	Creation of steam turbines required the deep knowledge of the physical properties of steam and laws of it's expires. Its production was possible only with a relatively high level of technology of working with metals, as the needs precision of production of parts and strength of the elements were significantly higher than in the case of the steam engine.
	However, time went on, the technique was improved, and the hour of practical application of steam turbine has come. First primitive steam turbines were used in sawmills in the Eastern U.S. in the years 1883-1885.
 	Laval's steam turbine is a wheel with blades. Jet of steam produced in the boiler comes out of the pipe (nozzle), pushes on the blades and spins the wheel. During the experimenting with different tubes for steam, the designer came to the conclusion that they must be in the form of a cone. Thus appeared the applied to the present Laval nozzle (patented in 1889). This important discovery inventor made, rather, intuitively was needed several decades to theorists have shown that the nozzle of such form gives the best effect.
 	Laval's steam turbine is a wheel with blades. Jet of steam, produced in the boiler, comes out of the pipe (nozzle), pushes on the blades, and spins the wheel. During the experimenting with different tubes for steam, the designer came to the conclusion that they must be in the form of a cone. Thus appeared the applied to the present Laval nozzle (patented in 1889). This important discovery inventor made, rather, intuitively was needed several decades to theorists have shown that the nozzle of such form gives the best effect.
	He began to practice the turbines in 1881, and three years later he got a patent for its own design: the Parsons connected the steam turbine to a generator of electricity. With the turbine was possible to generate electricity, and it immediately raised the interest of the society to the steam turbines. As a result of 15-year research, Parsons created the most advanced for those times reactive multistage turbine. He made a few inventions that have improved efficiency of the device (Advanced seal design, methods of fastening of the blades in the wheel, speed control system).
	Created a comprehensive theory of turbomachinery. He developed the original multi-stage turbine, which was successfully demonstrated at the World's Fair, held in the French capital in 1900, For every stage of the turbine Rateau calculated optimum pressure drop, which ensured a high overall efficiency of the machine.
	In his machine rotational speed of turbine was lower, and energy of steam use a completely. Therefore Curtiss turbines were smaller and of more robust design. One of the main applications of steam turbines is propulsion of ships. The first ship with steam turbine engine - "Turbinia" - was built by Parsons in 1894, developed a speed of 32 knots (about 59 km / h).
Completed by Semenyuk Martha
Form 11B
	American steam engine Doble was produced in extremely limited quantities: from 1923 to 1932 was made only 42 copies. The sample in the picture is dated 1929.
	Steam car of "Brooks" brand leave the conveyor of factory in Stratford, Ontario, in 1926.
	Nowadays almost no one remembers the steam engine. Although, the surge of interest in the postwar years was - in connection with the creation of compact turbine engines.
Completed by Semenyuk Martha
Form 11B
Completed by Semenyuk Martha
Form 11B
Cars with a steam engine appeared in the 19th century, and by the time, when was started production of cars, running on gasoline, they were already distributed.
Completed by Semenyuk Martha
Form 11B
Completed by
Form 11


title: Презентация на тему: The Knight’s Tale

text:
Click to edit Master text styles
Second level
Third level
Fourth level
Fifth level
 Tashkent 2011
   I was born in a wealthy, landowning family.                    I am the youngest son of my parents. My father was a  nobleman . Age 7 I was sent to the castle of  the Lord to receive knightly breeding . My apprenticeship lasted seven years. I trained for combat practicing fighting skills and sword fighting. I also learned the rules of good manners to be chivalrous.  One day I  was a page to the Bishop of Grenoble, and served as his cupbearer  when he dined  with the Duke of Savoy.
       I own a portion of land . The large fief was granted me  for  maintenance   by the Lord  in exchange for my military service. The wealth from this land allows me to continue to go to war. I can pay for weapons, armor and  warhorses .I live in a manor in the village with my family . It is in Provence.  I have a wife and two sons. We live in a large house made of mud bricks. The house has the gable end decorated with carved crockets. You can see a chimney  on the roof. The entrance of the house is on the ground floor, by a few steps with a wooden porch . The house  has some small  windows .The walls of the house are painted green externally as well as internally.
 The interior decoration of the house consist in woodwork. Gothic furniture is prevalent. A wooden table with some wooden chairs is in the middle of the room. You can find a fireplace in the corner of the room.  There are some tapestries on the walls.
 The bedrooms are upstairs.There is a paved floor in the yard .Some outhouses, a pump and a dry toilet are in the yard, too. I dream of becoming a Lord some day.
   The harsher the crime the more horrendous the punishment, you understand. If a man committed Rape, Manslaughter or Robbery they will be hung up in a cage so people can see their slow death. On some occasions they are taken down just before their death and quartered (cut into four pieces) so that the pain will kill them, a most cruel way to die.
    Public displays of torture are common.  When Public torture  is announced by the kings men, people will  come from far and wide . They will bring children with them. It is a deterrent from committing crime, bringing fear to people. If you have done a crime, you will pay for it, maybe even with your life.

                      Sources:
http://ask.reference.com/related/What+Did+Medieval+Knights+Wear??o=101994&qsrc=121&l=dir
http://www.medieval-spell.com/Medieval-Knights-Jousting.html
http://middle-ages.org.uk/knights-tournaments.htm
http://www.medievalknights.com
http://library.thinkquest.org/10949/fief/medknight.html
http://www.middle-ages.org.uk/middle-ages-knights.htm
http://artofmanliness.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/08/19148pstr.jpg
http://www.geocities.com/CollegePark/Hall/1170/chaucerhtml/medknight.html


title: Презентация на тему: The language of Hamlet

text:
The language of Hamlet
	William Shakespeare was an English poet and playwright, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon". His surviving works, including some collaborations, consist of about 38 plays, 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems, and several other poems. His plays have been translated into every major living language and are performed more often than those of any other playwright.
	Many critics believe that Shakespeare's greatest tragedies represent the peak of his art. The titular hero of one of Shakespeare's most famous tragedies, Hamlet, has probably been discussed more than any other Shakespearean character, especially for his famous soliloquy "To be or not to be; that is the question".
	Shakespeare's standard poetic form was blank verse, composed in iambic pentameter. In practice, this meant that his verse was usually unrhymed and consisted of ten syllables to a line, spoken with a stress on every second syllable. The blank verse of his early plays is quite different from that of his later ones. It is often beautiful, but its sentences tend to start, pause, and finish at the end of lines, with the risk of monotony.
Dramatic structure
	Hamlet departed from contemporary dramatic convention in several ways. For example in Shakespeare's day drama should focus on action, not character. In Hamlet, Shakespeare reverses this so that it is through the soliloquies, not the action, that the audience learns Hamlet's motives and thoughts. The play is full of seeming discontinuities and irregularities of action, except in the "bad" quarto. At one point, as in the Gravedigger scene, Hamlet seems resolved to kill Claudius: in the next scene, however, when Claudius appears, he is suddenly tame. Scholars still debate whether these twists are mistakes or intentional additions to add to the play's theme of confusion and duality.
Language
	Compared with language in a modern newspaper, magazine or popular novel, Shakespeare's language can strike contemporary readers as complex, elaborate and at times difficult to understand. Remarkably, it still works well enough in the theatre: audiences at the reconstruction of 'Shakespeare's Globe' in London, many of whom have never been to the theatre before, let alone to a play by Shakespeare, seem to have little difficulty grasping the play's action.
	In contrast, when occasion demands, he is precise and straightforward, as when he explains his inward emotion to his mother: "But I have that within which passes show, / These but the trappings and the suits of woe".
	At times, he relies heavily on puns to express his true thoughts while simultaneously concealing them. His "nunnery" remarks to Ophelia are an example of a cruel double meaning as nunnery was Elizabethan slang for brothel. His very first words in the play are a pun; when Claudius addresses him as "my cousin Hamlet, and my son", Hamlet says as an aside: "A little more than kin, and less than kind." An aside is a dramatic device in which a character speaks to the audience. By convention the audience realises that the character's speech is unheard by the other characters on stage. It may be addressed to the audience expressly (in character or out) or represent an unspoken thought.
	An unusual rhetorical device, hendiadys, appears in several places in the play. Examples are found in Ophelia's speech at the end of the nunnery scene: "Th'expectancy and rose of the fair state"; "And I, of ladies most deject and wretched".
	Many scholars have found it odd that Shakespeare would, seemingly arbitrarily, use this rhetorical form throughout the play. One explanation may be that Hamlet was written later in Shakespeare's life, when he was adept at matching rhetorical devices to characters and the plot.
	So, Hamlet is Shakespeare's longest play and among the most powerful and influential tragedies in the English language. It has a story capable of "seemingly endless retelling and adaptation by others." During Shakespeare's lifetime, the play was one of his most popular works, and it still ranks high among his most-performed, topping, for example, what eventually became the Royal Shakespeare Company's list since 1879. It has inspired writers from Goethe and Dickens to Joyce and Murdoch, and has been described as "the world's most filmed story after Cinderella"


title: Презентация на тему: The Lantern Festival Chinese Dragons

text:
The Lantern Festival
Chinese
Dragons
Dragons in Chinese culture, unlike the Western dragons, are not depicted as enemies to be defeated. They are wise and welcoming and a sign that good things will happen.
     Distinctive features of Dragons
Since the Dragon is a creature from Chinese mythology and not a real animal, it adopts characteristics from several animals.                            In Chinese culture the dragon has:

the body of a serpent
the claws of an eagle
the legs of a tiger
the whiskers of a catfish
the antlers of a deer
the scales of a fish
Chinese Dragons are symbols of wealth, wisdom, power and nobility.    It was the symbol of the Emperor in ancient China.


title: Презентация на тему: Технологии обучения английскому языку

text:
www.themegallery.com
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900igr.net
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English-speaking countries.The crossword.
Klementiev M.  10 A
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Hello, I am Englishman and I want to check your knowledge of my country and other English-speaking countries.
The first question will be political: which government organization in USA presents the Supreme Legislative Power?
The second one will be for music lovers: this city is famous for its world-known group consisted of 4 people.
Usually, it is a genre of films with many cowboys, Indians, bandits, horses and  shootouts, located on the Wild West.
This animal is national symbol of Australia.
One of the countries belonging to the UK.
I was absolutely sure that you know me. The next question is: what is one of two official languages in Canada?
This is 2nd largest and busiest airport in Great Britain after Heathrow.
The leaf of this tree is national symbol of Canada.
What is the capital of USA?
And what is the capital of Great Britain?
I was glad to spend time with you puzzling out this crossword. Good luck and good bye!

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www.themegallery.com
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title: Презентация на тему: The language of international communication is English

text:
«The language of international communication is English».
This work was made by Akulova Natalia,
pupil of the 10th form.
The teacher of English Maidaniuk
Yulia Vladimirovna.
«To interest
         my
             schoolmates
in studying
         the English
language».
Results of poll:
1. - Yes 70 %  - No 30 %
2. - Yes 60 %  - No 40 %
3. - Yes 90 %  - No 10 %
4. - Yes 85 %  - No 15 %
Some questions of the questionnaire:

Whether you are interested in learning of foreign languages?
Whether hard language studying is given to you?
Whether you consider that the knowledge of foreign languages is useful?
Whether you consider, what the formed person should know at least one foreign language?
E   Y   S   T   U  G   O   V   K   A   T   I   T   O   V   E   Z   Y
S   H   E   S   S   L    E   P   Z   O   V  A   D   J   A   U  Q   P
F    L   D  O  M  E   D   V   E   D   Z  E   V   A   K  M  A   D
O   Z   A   I    Z  E   V    A   N   K   R U   K   O   V  I    G  N
1. Find surnames of the Olympic champions in a crossword puzzle.
2.Find kinds of winter sports in a circle.
2.
1.Va_co__er
2. T__in
3. Sa_t Lak_ _ity
3.
3. Insert the passed letters into names of capitals of the winter Olympic Games.
Tasks are carried out on the basis of the read text.
Project photo album


title: Презентация на тему: The largest flowers in the world

text:
The largest flowers in the world
Pupils from 9b:
Yakovlev Artyom,
Ivanov Alexander
Teacher: Yakimova A.N.
Plan:
1.The giant water lily Victoria amazonica
2.What is the larges Cactus in the world?
3.Corpse flower(Rafflesia arnoldii- the larhest flower)
4.Titan arum
5.Refrence
Victoria amazonica
 There are a lot of flowers in the world but there are very few giant flowers. And I will speak about them. One of them is the water lily
The leaf of Victoria is able to support quite a large weight due to the plant's structure, although the leaf itself is quite delicate: so much so that "a straw held 6 inches above and dropped perpendicularly upon it would readily pass through it".[3] To counter the fragile nature of the leaf, the weight needs to be distributed across the surface through mechanical means, such as a sheet of plywood. This allows the leaf to support up to 70 pounds
 The most interesting thing about this flower is the large leaves that it creates. The leaves can grow up to 46 centimeters in size and can hold up to 136 kilograms, the leaves are flat before growing rims at the edge of the leaf. The leaves are strong and stiff thanks to the strong bottom of the leaves. The bottoms are covered with spines to help support the ribs. The bottom of the leaf is maroon in colour. The Giant Water Lily does not grow year round in areas where it is not a native species, such as Great Britain; it only grows and reproduces in the summertime when the climate is warm. However, in its native Brazil and in the Amazon it grows all year long, due to the optimum conditions.
The underside of the giant water lily is covered with sharp, inch-long spines which protect the pad from herbivorous fishes. The spines are apparently toxic, because being pricked by one is said to be extremely painful. Underwater parts (root and stem) and seed of the plant are edible. The pattern of ribs helps support the huge leaf.
What Is the Largest Cactus in the World?
The outside skin of the saguaro is smooth. Inside the full grown saguaro there are 2 inch spines that absorb water. The saguaro then expands like an accordion. It can hold about a ton of water in those spines.
 Corpse flower (Rafflesia arnoldii) - the largest flower
  Interesting facts about  corpse flower (Rafflesia arnoldii) - the largest flower in the plant kingdom (diameter from 60 cm to 1 m with a weight of up to 11 kg).
Rafflesia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The plant has no stems, leaves or true roots. It is an endoparasite of vines in the genus Tetrastigma (Vitaceae), spreading its root-like haustoria inside the tissue of the vine. The only part of the plant that can be seen outside the host vine is the five-petaled flower. In some species, such as Rafflesia arnoldii, the flower may be over 100 centimetres (39 in) in diameter, and weigh up to 10 kilograms (22 lb). Even the smallest species, R. manillana, has 20 cm diameter flowers. The flowers look and smell like rotting flesh, hence its local names which translate to "corpse flower" or "meat flower" (but see below). The vile smell that the flower gives off attracts insects such as flies and carrion beetles, which transport pollen from male to female flowers. Little is known about seed dispersal. However, tree shrews and other forest mammals apparently eat the fruits and disperse the seeds. Rafflesia is an official state flower of Indonesia, also Sabah state in Malaysia, as well as for the Surat Thani Province, Thailand.
The name "corpse flower" applied to Rafflesia is confusing because this common name also refers to the Titan Arum (Amorphophallus titanum) of the family Araceae. Moreover, because Amorphophallus has the world's largest unbranched inflorescence, it is sometimes mistakenly credited as having the world's largest flower. Both Rafflesia and Amorphophallus are flowering plants, but they are still distantly related. Rafflesia arnoldii has the largest single flower of any flowering plant, at least when one judges this by weight. Amorphophallus titanum has the largest unbranched inflorescence, while the Talipot palm (Corypha umbraculifera) forms the largest branched inflorescence, containing thousands of flowers; this plant is monocarpic, meaning that individuals die after flowering.
The largest flowers in the world belong to Rafflesia genus, found in southeastern Asia (Malaya, Borneo, Sumatra, Philippines). The biggest of all is that of R. arnoldii, from Borneo and Sumatra: 11 kg, 1 m (3 feet) wide. The flower is blood-red and spreads a rotten-flesh stink, which attracts carrion flies for pollination. But since the discovery of these plants - less than two centuries ago - they posed an enigma. Rafflesia are parasitic plants with an unusual trait. As they live on the jungle floor, extracting food from the roots of a tropical vine (Tetrastigma), they lost all organs: stem, roots, leaves. As they do not make photosynthesis,
Rafflesia do not need those organs. So, scientists found it very difficult to classify these species, creating a whole family only for them, Rafflesiaceae, and an order, Rafflesiales. "These plants are so strange - almost extra-terrestrial - wherever they were placed [within the family tree] there would be a lot of explaining to do", said Charles Davis, assistant professor of organismic and evolutionary biology at Harvard University. But in the DNA analysis era, this obstacle could be surpassed, and to their surprise, the bizarre plants were proven to belong to the Euphorbiaceae family. The big surprise was that all plants in these family bear tiny blooms. The most economically important species in this family are the rubber tree, castor oil plant and the cassava shrub, but in the temperate zone the most known spontaneous species are the spurges. "The big shocker, of course, is that they fall in the middle of this group with minute flowers", added Davis. DNA analysis showed that 46 million years ago, the plants' blooms began to evolve at an accelerated pace, increasing from a tiny 2mm (0.08in) up to their enormous size. "These plants occur exclusively in tropical rainforest under-storeys, which are very dimly lit, and they are restricted to the forest floor. They don't have an easy way of presenting their flowers to various insects for pollination", said Davis. "By maximising their surface area it is much easier to waft the funky smell further
The Rafflesia arnoldii is the world's largest flower. Photograph by Harry Wiriadinata and Suwito Alam from article in Voice of Nature, v. 84, August 1990, p. 14.
File:Rafflesia arnoldii and buds.JPG
Another enormous flower found in Indonesia is the Amorphophallus titanum, or Titan arum. It is also known as the "corpse flower" for its unpleasant odor. Like the Rafflesia, the Titan emits the smell of rotting flesh to attract pollinators. Technically, the Titan arum is not a single flower. It is a cluster of many tiny flowers, called an inflorescence. The Titan arum has the largest unbranched inflorescence of all flowering plants. The plant can reach heights of 7 to 12 feet and weigh as much as 170 pounds
This flower in Mexico only blooms once every 40 years for 4 days. How magnificent is God's creation!
The largest flower in the world is blossoming in the mountainous region of Rio Blanco, Veracruz, Mexico . Two meters high, it has the peculiarity of blooming only during four days every 40 years.
While bloomings of the Amorphophallus titanum are certainly rare, and the flowers only last for two or three days, it is not true that they only bloom once every forty years as claimed in the message. The specimens kept in various botanical gardens often go for several years between blooms. However, the plants are not set to a forty year blooming cycle and many specimens have bloomed much more regularly. In "The Private Life Of Plants", David Attenborough suggests that Amorphophallus titanum in the wild bloom about once every 1000 days. Thus, it seems clear that an unknown prankster has simply taken the picture of the Wilhelma Titan Arum and tacked on some fanciful information about Mexico and a fictitious forty year bloom cycle
                Alikovo secondary school
Alikovo - 2010
Victoria (waterlily)
Victoria amazonica (Poepp.) SowerbyVictoria cruziana A. D. Orb
Species
VictoriaLindley
Genus:
Nymphaeaceae
Family:
Nymphaeales
Order:
Magnoliopsida
Class:
Magnoliophyta
Division:
Plantae
Kingdom:
   Scientific lassification

             Victoria
Victoria amazonica is native to the shallow waters of the Amazon River basin, such as oxbow lakes and bayous. It is depicted in the Guyanese coat of arms. The flowers are white the first night they are open and become pink the second night. They are up to 40 cm in diameter, and are pollinated by scarab beetles.
Another species, Victoria cruziana, in the Parana-Paraguay basin, is only slightly smaller, with the underside of the leaves purple rather than the red of V. amazonica, and covered with a peachlike fuzz lacking in V. amazonica. V. cruziana opens its flowers at dusk.
The first published description of the genus was by John Lindley in 1837, based on specimens returned from British Guiana by Robert Schomburgk. Lindley named the genus after the new Queen, Victoria, and the species Victoria regia. An earlier account of the species, Euryale amazonica Poeppig, in 1832 described an affinity with Euryale ferox. A collection and description was also made by the French botanist Aimé Bonpland in 1825.[1][2]
 This aquatic plant grows as large as 6 feet in diameter. The leaves are ornamental.
The white flowers are the size of a soccer balls. They are always white and bloom at night. After a Lily is pollinated, it changes colours until it finally turns red. It then changes into a fruit that serves as food for the fish.
   Several huge Victoria regia leaves in the Amazon rain forest
The leaves of Victoria amazonica are so strong that they can support the weight of a human.
A woman standing on a leaf of Victoria cruziana in the lily pond in front of the Linnaean House of the Missouri Botanical Garden. A wooden plank and a towel is placed on the pad to prevent damage to the plant.
The Giant Water Lily grows in the shallow waters of the Amazon River basin, as well as bayous and specific lakes in Brazil. This species is native to Brazil.
Another species, Victoria cruziana, in the Parana-Paraguay basin, is only slightly smaller, with the underside of the leaves purple rather than the red of V. amazonica, and covered with a peachlike fuzz lacking in V. amazonica. V. cruziana opens its flowers at dusk.
The leaves of Victoria cruziana
Flower of Victoria cruziana
The largest cactus in the world is tcactus, scientific name Carnegiea gigantea, a species of the genus Carnegiea. It is indigenous to the Mexican plain as well as the Sonoran Desert in Arizona and a few other areas in the southern United States
The saguaro flowers every year in May and June.
The saguaro flower is about a 3 inch wide cluster of creamy white petals around a dense group of yellow stamens on about a 4 inch long stem. The saguaro has more stamens per flower than any other cactus flower.
Over a period of about a month a few of the flowers open each night. They secrete a very sweet nectar into the flower tubes. By about noon the following day the flower closes forever.
The root system of a saguaro is very shallow. There is a tap root that is only about 3 feet long, and the rest of the roots are only about a foot long. You may wonder how these roots support such great weight. The roots anchor the saguaro by wrapping themselves around rocks.
A saguaro can only be fertilized by pollen from another cactus. The pollen attracts birds, bats and insects which go from saguaro to saguaro to enjoy the sweet nectar. If fertilization has taken place, a fruit will begin to form at the base of the flower.
The ripe fruit is about 3 inches wide and eventually splits open. A single fruit can have thousands of seeds. All sorts of desert creatures feed on the fruit of the saguaro, and if any seeds survive, a new saguaro may be created.
Gila Woodpeckers and Gilded Flickers are common inhabitants of saguaros. Owls, martins, and finches may also visit from time to time. Hawks will sometimes nest in the saguaro from which they can easily see their prey below
The saguaro is threatened by several factors. Lightning and root rot during the rainy season can be deadly to a saguaro. Humans use them for target practice and urban sprawl continues to move them, and their pollinators, from their native habitat. Still, there is no evidence to suggest that saguaros are declining in number.
Rafflesia is a genus of parasitic flowering plants. It was discovered in the Indonesian rain forest by an Indonesian guide working for Dr. Joseph Arnold in 1818, and named after Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, the leader of the expedition. It contains approximately 27 species (including four incompletely characterized species as recognized by Meijer 1997), all found in southeastern Asia, on the Malay Peninsula, Borneo, Sumatra, and the Philippines.
distances, which lures carrion flies." "Their size means they also become a very effective stop sign and visual cue to lure these flies in so that they pollinate the plant."
First Rafflesia was found on the island of Sumatra. Officer Stamford Raffles and the botanist Joseph Arnold made the first scientific description of the plants and measured it. He was awarded the sonorous name - Rafflesia Arnoldi.  But local residents have long known of its existence and called no less grandly - Bunga patma  which means  lotus flower.
This email forward claims that an attached photograph depicts a flower growing in mountains near Rio Blanco, Veracruz, Mexico that is the largest in the world and only blooms once every forty years for four days.However, while the image itself is genuine, the email is inaccurate in its description of the flower. The flower shown in the image - Amorphophallus titanum or Titan Arum - is indeed considered the largest in the world. Also known as the "Corpse Flower" because of its foul smell, Amorphophallus titanum is a prized addition to a number of well-known botanical gardens around the world, including London's Kew Gardens, California's Huntington Botanical Gardens and Sydney's Royal Botanic Gardens.The plants have become quite famous and always attract large crowds when a particular specimen blooms at one of the above locations or at a number of others gardens around the world. One such plant was also featured in Sir David Attenborough's outstanding BBC documentary The Private Life Of Plants.

However, while specimens of the Corpse Flower may exist in gardens in Mexico, the plant certainly does not grow wild in that country as implied in the email. In fact, the native habitat of Amorphophallus titanum is the rainforests of Sumatra, Indonesia.Moreover, the photograph of the Titan Arum included in the message was not taken in Mexico. The photograph was actually taken at Stuttgart, Germany's Wilhelma Botanical and Zoological Gardens by Lothar Grünz in October 2005.The same photograph along with details about where, when and by whom the picture was taken, is available on the Wikimedia Commons website. And, another shot published on the Wilhelma website clearly shows the same building in the background as that shown in the above photograph.


title: Презентация на тему: The Lancasters

text:
The Lancasters
Henry IV (1367 – 1413)
was styled Earl of Derby and married Mary de Bohun;
supporeted the armed opposition to his father;
spent time in crusades in Lithuania and Prussia;
his father Richard II was forced to abdicate, and Parliament accepted Henry as a king;
Struggled with Scotland and France to keep the Crown;
Put down the Welsh revolt, which was supported by France and Northumberland, it took him much time and force;
When he was stricken with sore disease, his son supported his opposition and intervened to France;
On the 20th of March, 1413, Henry IV died.
Henry V (1387 – 1422)
was created Prince of Wales at his father’s coronation;
helped his father to put down the Welsh revolt and was almost killed in this battle;
quarreled with the father;
ruled England as the head of united nation;

acted firmly danger to the Crown: the Lolland discontent and Earl of Cambridge’s revolt;
held a war with France, during which conquered Normandy, supported Freanch disputes between lands, and made France recognise him as the heir of French throne;
married French princess, Catherine of Valois and had a son, Henry VI.
Henry VI (1421 – 1471)
Succeded the throne at the age of nine month;
The throne was ruled by his regents: John Bedford, Humphrey Gloucester, Earl of Warwick;
Was crowned  King of England and King of France;
Was made to marry Margaret of Anjou, the niece of Valois king;

Margaret summoned the Duke of Gloucester before parliament;
The French took the Normandy back;
Henry put down the rebellion of Jack Cade, who was in sympathy to York;
After the War of Roses, when Edward of York became a king and imprisoned him, Henry became mad.
Earl of Warwick helped Queen Margaret and restored Henry VI to the throne
King Edward captured him again, and killed his son in the Battle of Tewkesbury.


title: Презентация на тему: The Kremlin

text:
      The Kremlin is the symbol of the first Russian and later Soviet power and authority. Its crenellated red brick walls and 20 towers were built at the end of the 15th century, when a host of Italian builders arrived in Moscow at the invitation of Ivan III the Great. Of the most important towers, the Spasskaya Tower leading to Red Square was built in 1491 by Pietro Solario, who designed most of the main towers; its belfry was added in 1624-25.
       Around the central Sobornaya Ploshchad are grouped three magnificent cathedrals, superb examples of Russian church architecture at its height in the late 15th and early 16th centuries pure. The Orthodox metropolitans and patriarchs of the 14th to the 18th century are buried there.
The oldest part of Moscow is the Kremlin. This is the main tourist attraction in Moscow. The word "Kremlin" means "fortress". And the Moscow Kremlin used to be a fortress. In 1156 a small settlement of Moscow was surrounded by a wooden wall and became a Kremlin. The town and the Kremlin were burnt in 1237, but they were rebuilt. In 14th century Prince Dmitry Donskoy built a white stone wall around the Kremlin, and in the 15th century the Kremlin was surrounded by a new red-brick wall. Twenty towers of the Kremlin wall were constructed in the end of the 17th century.
      Across the square is the Cathedral of the Blagoveshchensky Sobor, which  is built in 1484-89 by craftsmen from Pskov; though burned in 1547, it was rebuilted in 1562-64. Its cluster of chapels is topped by golden roofs and domes. Inside are a number of early 15th-century icons attributed to Theophanes the Greek and to Andrey Rublyov, who are considered by many to be the greatest of all Russian icon painters.
      The third cathedral, the Arkhangelsky, was rebuilted in 1505-08; in it are buried the princes of Moscow and tsars of Russia (except Boris Godunov) up to the founding of St. Petersburg. Just off the square stands the splendid, soaring white bell tower of Ivan the Great; built in the 16th century and damaged in 1812, it was restored a few years later.
   On the west of Cathedral Square there is a group of palaces of various periods; the Granovitaya Palata so called from the exterior finish of faceted, whited stone squares which was built in 1487-91. Behind it is the Terem Palace of 1635-36, which incorporates several older churches, including the Voskreseniye Lazarya, dating from 1393.
 At its foot is the enormous there is Tsar-Kolokol, casted in 1733-35, which has never rung.
Nearby is the Tsar-Pushka, there is cast in 1586. Beside, there are located the mid-17th-century Sobor Dvenadtsati Apostolov and the adjoining Patriarchal Palace.
      Both became part of the Kremlin Great Palace, built as a royal residence in 1838-49 and formerly used for sessions of the Supreme Soviet of the U.S.S.R.; its long, yellow-washed facade dominates the riverfront. It is connected to the Oruzheynaya Palata, was built in 1844-51 and now it is the Armoury Museum, housing a large collection of treasures of the tsars.
      Along the northeast wall of the Kremlin, there is the Arsenal (1702-36), the former Senate building (1776-88), and the School for Red Commanders (1932-34). The only other Soviet-period building within the Kremlin is the Palace of Congresses (1960-61), with a vast auditorium used for political mitings and as a theatre.


title: Презентация на тему: Телефон доверия

text:
The 18th of April
Thursday
Телефон доверия
1. Which problems are most typical for teenagers?
2. Why do most teenagers use Childline?
3. What special information do teenagers often need?
Ex-35 p-102
Abuse [ə’bju:s] –unkind, cruel or rude words or actions
Threat [Ɵret]- expression or wish to hurt or punish somebody
Threaten [’Ɵretən]- to express a threat against somebody
Blackmail [’blækmeɪ]- practice of getting money or advantage by threatening
Steal [sti:l]- to take people’s things, money
Pick on [pɪk]- to choose somebody for punishment or an unpleasant job
Bully[’bʋlɪ]- a person, who hurts or frightens weaker people
Ex-36 p-102
Titles:
1. What is bullying?
2. What kind of things are called ‘’bullying’’?
3. Who is a bully?
4. What should happen to bullies?
5. What should happen to the victim?
Ex-37 p-102
Threat (угроза)    a threat against somebody
                              a threat of something
                              under the threat of punishment

To threaten (угрожать) –a threatening letter

Defend (защищать)  to defend somebody
                                    to defend yourself
                              to defend someone  against/from
Ex-38 p-102
Homework Ex-16  p-115(книга), Ex-5 p-56 (р.т)


title: Презентация на тему: The Language of the British Isles

text:
The Language of the British Isles

Celtic and Germanic

The Roman period in Britain lasted until 440. In 449 – as we are informed by the Venerable Bede in his ‘A church history of the English people’ – Germanic tribes arrived in Britain). With their coming the seed of the later English language in Britain was laid. There are not many loan words from Brythonic in Old English – dry ‘magic’ is one of them – but there was nonetheless an influence of the former on the latter, most probably as a result of long, low-level contact between Celts and Germanic tribes, chiefly in south and central England where they were in continuous contact over many centuries. Some syntactic features in modern English may well be traced back to this contact, for instance, the use of possessive pronouns with parts of the body, e.g. my leg, my teeth (cf. Irish mo chos, mo fhiacla) and the use of progressive forms to express a continuous verbal action, e.g. I’m reading a book (cf. Irish Tá mé ag léamh leabhair).
Scandinavian

From the 8th century, both England and Ireland were subject to incursions by Scandinavians. The Scandinavian settlements in England are chiefly in the north-east of the country and in Ireland the main settlements were at the estuaries of major rivers, such as the Liffey (Dublin) or the Suir (Waterford). A Norn – survived until a few centuries ago in the north of Scotland. The linguistic impact of the Scandinavians on both English and Irish was considerable. There are many loanwords in both languages which can be clearly traced to the contact with these people. In English, the plural pronoun forms in initial th-, i.e. they, them, their, are of Scandinavian origin as is the plural form of ‘to be’, are.
Manx

The Manx language is a Celtic language of the Goidelic subdivision, and descendant of Old Irish. It is sometimes called Manx Gaelic to distinguish it from the local variety of English.
The language was historically the dominant one on the island, but fell out of use during the twentieth century, and is considered to have become extinct in 1974. At the present time, less than one hundred children receive their education exclusively in Manx.

Welsh

Welsh emerged in the 6th century from Common Brittonic.
Four periods are identified in the history of Welsh, with rather indistinct boundaries: The period immediately following the language's emergence from Brittonic is sometimes referred to as Primitive Welsh;this was followed by the Old Welsh period, considered to stretch from the beginning of the 9th century to the 12th century. The Middle Welsh period is considered to have lasted from then until the 14th century, when the Modern Welsh period began, which in turn divided into Early and Late Modern Welsh.
The name Welsh originated as an exonym given to its speakers by the Anglo-Saxons, meaning "foreign speech". The native term for the language is Cymraeg and Cymru for "Wales".

Irish Gaelic

Irish Gaelic (Gaeilge nah Eireann)  is a Celtic language spoken mainly in Ireland. There are also Irish speakers in the United Kingdom, U.S., Canada, and Australia. The language is sometimes referred to as Gaelic, Irish Gaelic, or Erse, but in Ireland it is simply called Irish. It is estimated that it is spoken by some 260,000 people. Ireland was wholly Gaelic-speaking until the 17th century, but the dominance of English and the effects of 19th-century potato famines and emigration led to a steep decline in the population. Today, Irish is spoken as a first language by a small minority of the population of Ireland.


title: Презентация на тему: The king To Be

text:
Игра-тренажер по английскому языку«Употребление форм глагола to be»
  Т ема: «The king To Be»
 Автор:  Бикетова   Инна Сергеевна
учитель английского языка
п.г.т.Спасск , МБОУ  «ООШ №13»
Класс : 2

?
Давным – давно в  заколдованном королевстве жил король To Be.

The King is sad!!!
[ɔ]
Ох!

Три принца удальца-Am, Is, Are

Злой волшебник спрятал невесту принца Am! Поможем найти ее?

Принц Am ищет свою принцессу.             Ребята, давайте поможем найти ее!
   He
she
I

I+Am

    He                                  Is

They

Принц Is выбирает подарки для своей невесты. Поможем ребята?
       She

          It

Принц Are  выбирает лошадей для своей кареты.
They
You
He
She
We
I

The king is  happy!!!
Ах!
[əu]

Интернет-источники
http://img-fotki.yandex.ru/get/4302/svetikhr.dc/0_35d69_acc127ad_XL-.jpg  -царство;
http://im2-tub-ru.yandex.net/i?id=243480507-11-72&n=21-царевна лягушка;
http://im4-tub-ru.yandex.net/i?id=191669622-53-72&n=21-принц с лягушкой;
http://im3-tub-ru.yandex.net/i?id=91983423-06-72&n=21-царевна лягушка;
http://im7-tub-ru.yandex.net/i?id=161481248-42-72&n=21-веселая лягушка;
http://im6-tub-ru.yandex.net/i?id=146449977-62-72&n=21-лягушка;
http://im0-tub-ru.yandex.net/i?id=188071998-67-72&n=21-три принца;
http://im7-tub-ru.yandex.net/i?id=248676181-33-72&n=21 принц и принцесса;
http://im5-tub-ru.yandex.net/i?id=97946614-28-72&n=21- принц и лягушка;
http://im5-tub-ru.yandex.net/i?id=262705671-51-72&n=21-принц и принцесса;
http://im6-tub-ru.yandex.net/i?id=117193282-22-72&n=21-медвежата;
http://file.blog-24.com/utili/90000/88000/88370/file/gul.gifleri/kirmizi/55ryf3ut.gif  -роза;
http://i5.pixs.ru/storage/9/8/7/karetagif_8795438_7279987.gif   -карета;
http://www.lievebeestjes.nl/animaties/paarden/39.gif  -лошадь;

Интернет-источники
http://animated-images.su_ph/13/2/991187698.gif -лошади;
http://miranimashek.com/_ph/35/2/913952342.gif  -лошадка;
http://sovetskiymultik.at.ua/_ph/160/1/286041373.jpg-царь на троне;
http://sovetskiymultik.at.ua/_ph/160/1/341994700.jpg-царь на троне;
http://img-fotki.yandex.ru/get/6407/52732579.145/0_a7c7d_6f2aac96_M.gif  -анимация на прозрачном фоне;
http://img-fotki.yandex.ru/get/6103/52732579.c3/0_97ae3_d2a82b77_L.gif - -анимация на прозрачном фоне.


title: Презентация на тему: Телевидения в современной жизни

text:
The role of television in our life
TV plays a great role in  the  life of a modern man
TV suggests various programs: talk and game shows, news, sporting events, about animals and foreign countries, all kinds of films  and so on.
It provides programs for all interests.

It makes us educated people.
Bad for health
Takes too much time

The expressions:

I'm exactly of the same opinion.
I can't help thinking the same.
As a matter of fact, I don't agree.
I'm not sure, in fact.	.
I'm not at all convinced.
I'm afraid I entirely disagree with ...
That's not my way of looking at it.
I agree with you up to a point/ in a sense/ in a way, but ...
I see what you mean, but ...
There's some truth in what you say. However, ...
From my point of view / viewpoint...
(Personally,) I feel ...
As far as I'm concerned, ...
In my view/opinion ..
To my way of thinking, ...
The End!
Thank you for your attention!


title: Презентация на тему: The Laughing Man

text:
The Laughing Man
By Tanya Zarownaya
"The Laughing Man" is a short story by J. D. Salinger, published originally in The New Yorker on March 19, 1949; and also in Salinger’s short story collection Nine Stories.
 It largely takes the structure of a story within a story and is thematically occupied with the relationship between narrative and narrator, and the end of youth.
Plot
An unnamed narrator recounts his experiences as a nine-year-old member of the Comanche Club in New York City in 1928. The leader of the club, “The Chief”, is a young law student at New York University who is described as lacking in physical attractiveness but appears beautiful to the narrator.
Every day, after the troop has completed its activities, The Chief gathers the boys for the next episode in an ongoing story about the eponymous Laughing Man. In the format of a serial adventure novel, The Chief’s story describes the Laughing Man as the child of missionaries who was kidnapped by bandits in China, who deformed his face by compressing it in a vise; he was obliged to wear a mask, but compensated by being profoundly athletic and possessed of a great Robin Hood-like charm and the ability to speak with animals.
The heroic larceny tweaked his nose at the internationally famous detective.
Eventually, The Chief takes up with a young woman, Mary Hudson
As the Chief’s relationship with Mary waxes and wanes, so too do the fortunes of The Laughing Man. One day, the Chief presents an instalment where the Laughing Man is taken prisoner and in mortal danger
In the final instalment of the story, the Chief kills off the Laughing Man
Thank you for your attention


title: Презентация на тему: The Lewis and Clark expedition

text:
The Aims
Sacagawea
They were accompanied by a fifteen year old Shoshone Indian woman, Sacagawea, the slave wife of a French-Canadian fur trader.
Her son was born in 1805 with the help of the expedition.
She served as an interpreter.
Journey
Soon they passed La Charrette, the last Euro-American settlement on the Missouri River.

During the final week of August, Lewis and Clark reached the edge of the Great Plains.
The Lewis and Clark Expedition established relations with two dozen indigenous nations.

Without their help, the expedition would have starved to death or become hopelessly lost in the Rocky Mountains.
Results
During the journey, Lewis and Clark drew about 140 maps.
The expedition recorded more than 200 plants and animals that were new to science and noted at least 72 native tribes.
In 1807 Patrick Gass published a book of the journey.
Lewis & Clark Expedition meant a lot for discovering new-owned American land, for science and for establishing relations with different tribes.


title: Презентация на тему: Television

text:
Television

It is almost impossible to imagine our life without TV. It plays a great and a very important role in the life of modern man. There is practically no family that doesn't have a TV set.

 TV shows us a lot of films of different countries: detective and melodrama, comedy and triller. As former I like to see adventure films, fantasy, comedies.

 TV is one of the mass media kinds. Radio and newspapers tell us about different events but TV not only tells but also shows.

TV has a lot of channels and everybody can watch the programs he likes. Our television suggests various programs: talk show and game show, news and sporting events, about animals and about foreign countries and so on. Soaps-lovers can watch their favorite films almost every day.

My friend told me that when his TV-set broke down, he and his family found that they had more time to do things and to talk to each other. There are other arguments for and against television.

Very often the programmes are bad. Sometimes they show too much violence in films and news programmes. There is also too much pop music and ads. Ads on the whole are convenient for grown-ups. But is it good for children to watch all those ads where they show all kinds of underwear and what not?

Thanks for waching!


title: Презентация на тему: «The land and the people of

text:
3. Look at your mind map and the map and speak about …
2. Listen and fill in the mind map

1. Phonetic Warming Up

«The land and the people of

great Britain»
Are you ready?
?
Муравьева Г.Ф.
МАОУ гимназия №6
Г. Новороссийск
2014
«The land and the people of
GREAT BRITAIN

Repeat after the announcer.
She sells sea shells on the sea-shore.
If two witches were watching two watches,
Which witch would watch which watch?
Whether the weather is cold,
or whether the weather is hot.
We'll weather the weather,
whatever the weather,
whether we like it or not.
     2
Practice the words with Quizlet.
England
Scotland
Wales
Edinburgh
London
Cardiff
the British
the English
the Scottish
the Welsh
English
Scottish\English
Welsh\English
English
Liverpool
Manchester

alternative link Voki

the English
English
Scotland
London
Welsh\English
Edinburgh
Scottish\English
The Welsh
Cardiff
Wales
The Scottish
England

альтернативный ресурс при наличии интернета
Learning Apps
мультимедийное интерактивное упражнение  http://qps.ru/oQGwP
       3

the parts (countries) Great Britain consists of,  and their capitals
the people who live in Great Britain and the languages they speak
big industrial cities of Great Britain

Cardiff

Edinburgh
London
It was a great job!!!

шаблон http://qps.ru/5GzED
изображение карта Англии  http://qps.ru/mKHaj,
изображение Лондона http://qps.ru/R9ngy
изображение английской королевы  http://qps.ru/0pKdk
изображение Стоунхендж http://qps.ru/LCJH0
изображение шотландца  http://qps.ru/c0SWD
изображение флаг Уэльса http://qps.ru/Lb4mZ
изображение нарцисс http://qps.ru/iU9HM
изображение Гермионы  http://qps.ru/Jsv1a
текст (слайд 3) записан Муравьевой Г.Ф. с помощью программы Audacity.
скороговорка  She sells http://qps.ru/CFZWp
скороговорка If two witches http://qps.ru/bYVa1
скороговорка Whether the weather http://qps.ru/jPIOo
смайл  Я молодец! http://qps.ru/Df2OK
смайл Мне нужна помощь!  http://qps.ru/1MJmA
смайл Я старался, но не всегда получалось! http://qps.ru/vVZO6

sources


title: Презентация на тему: The largest citys in U.S.A

text:
Atlanta
-Atlanta was founded in 1837. Engineer John Thompson, who built the railway, proposed the name of Atlanta, before that, the city had the name of Terminus.
-The area of the city is about  342,9 km².
-The population of  450.000 million people.
Boston

-Boston was founded in 1630.
-The area of the city is about 232km ².
-The population of  600.000 million people..
Detroit
-Detroit founded in 1701 by Frenchman Antoinette de la Mothe Kodiyyakom.
-The area of the city is about 370km².
-The population of  700.000 million people.

Los Angeles
-Los Angeles was founded in  1850
-The area  of the city is about 1300 km ²
-The population of 4 million people.
-New York was founded in 1626 and originally called New Amsterdam .
-The area of the city is about 1 213 km².
-The population of  8 million people.
New York
Chicago
-Chicago was founded in 1833.
The area of the city is about 600 km ².
-The population of  3 million people.


title: Презентация на тему: Television: its advantages and disadvantages

text:
Contents:
What is television?
Television and advertisement
John Logie Baird was born in Helensburgh, Scotland, on August 13, 1888. He was the first person in the world to demonstrate a working television system, in January 1926.
From the history of TV
But Baird dreamt that an ideal television service should show a picture in colour and stereoscopic relief and should operate on an international standard. Colour and stereoscopic television were shown for the first time when he gave a demonstration at the annual meeting of the British Association in 1928. In 1939 he showed colour television.
He has developed several forms of stereoscopic television. In this system the restriction is overcome and the picture can be viewed from any position, no glasses being required.
For many years, the technology that allowed us to sit in our home and watch audio and video was based on a tube technology. The technology behind the plasma TV screen isn't so very much different in some respects, but is very different in others. It is based on a series of very small lights. One of the most beneficial points of the plasma TV is the fact that the layers needed to make this technology work are very thin.
As for digital TV it offers a far wider choice of TV viewing with lots of extra channels, and uses digital technology to reduce the interference that you may experience on analogue TV. Digital TV also offers other benefits, such as a greater selection of widescreen programming, and on-screen electronic programme guide, interactive services, and in some cases, High Definition and Dolby sound.
There's no doubt that technology will continue to develop as new people have better ideas for bringing audio and video into our homes. But when you see the crisp clear images of a plasma TV, it's rather difficult to imagine how it could get any better than this.
No one can deny that television, the greatest invention of the 20 century, has changed our life and today we cannot live without it. Many people think that TV is good but others do not agree with them. Let us consider what the advantages and disadvantages of television are.
The Good and Bad of Television
As the latest surveys show the following sort of
programs are the most common on British TV:
2%
7%
6.5%
15.5%
15.5%
10.5%
16%
14%
13%
Other
Sport
Schools and education
Entertainments
Films
Drama
General Information

News
Some statistics:
This is the British TV audience share:
The most common sort of programs on Russian TV:
3%
3%
4%
10%
20%
13%
17%
15%
15%
Schools and education
Sport
Health programs
Entertainments
Films
Musical programs
Talk shows

News
This is the Russian audience share:
Research about TV in my class.
So, I decided to make the following kind of research:
What kind of programs do my classmates prefer watching?
3%
3%
4%
10%
20%
13%
17%
15%
15%
Schools and education
Sport
Health programs
Entertainments
Films
Musical programs
Talk shows

News
Conclusion


title: Презентация на тему: The legend of ballet

text: She sought the connection between emotions and movement:


text:
National Portrait Gallery
The National Portrait Gallery is an art gallery in London, England, housing a collection of portraits of historically important and famous British people. It was the first portrait gallery in the world when it opened in 1856.
The gallery moved in 1896 to its current site at St Martin's Place, off Trafalgar Square, and adjoining the National Gallery. It has been expanded twice since then.
The National Portrait Gallery (NPG) also has three regional outposts at Beningbrough Hall, Bodelwyddan Castle and Montacute House. It is unconnected to the Scottish National Portrait Gallery in Edinburgh, with which its remit overlaps.
The gallery is a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport.
The collection
The gallery houses portraits of historically important and famous British people, selected on the basis of the significance of the sitter, not that of the artist. The collection includes photographs and caricatures as well as paintings, drawings and sculpture. One of its best-known images is the Chandos portrait, the most famous portrait of William Shakespeare although there is some uncertainty about whether the painting actually is of the playwright.
Not all of the portraits are exceptional artistically, although there are self-portraits by William Hogarth, Sir Joshua Reynolds and other British artists of note. Some, such as the group portrait of the participants in the Somerset House Conference of 1604, are important historical documents in their own right. Often, the curiosity value is greater than the artistic worth of a work, as in the case of the anamorphic portrait of Edward VI by William Scrots, Patrick Branwell Bront’s painting of his sisters Charlotte, Emily and Anne, or a sculpture of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert in medieval costume. Portraits of living figures were allowed from 1969. In addition to its permanent galleries of historical portraits, the National Portrait Gallery exhibits a rapidly changing collection of contemporary work, stages exhibitions of portrait art by individual artists and hosts the annual BP Portrait Prize competition.
Inside the National Portrait Gallery
King Edward II
King Richard II
King Henry IV
John Astley
Mary Nevill, Lady Dacre
William Cecil
Thomas Howard
Sir Henry Unton
Thomas Howard
King Charles II
King Charles I
Henrietta Maria
Sir Theodore Turquet de Mayerne
John Milton
Venetia
Henry Stone
George Jeffreys
James Scott


title: Презентация на тему: The historyof the english language

text:
The history of the English language
                  Periods in the history of English

The history of English covers roughly 1200 years. Traditional divides English history into three periods:
The Old English period begins about 700 a. d. and lasts till about 12th century.
The Middle English period lasts from about the beginning of the 12th century till 15th century.
The Modern English period begins at about 15th century and lasts to the present day.
The Prehistory of English
The ultimate origins of English lie in Indo-European , a family of languages consisting of most of the languages of Europe as well as those of Iran, the Indian subcontinent, and other parts of Asia. Because little is known about ancient Indo-European we'll begin our survey in Britain in the first century AD
 Celts
•5th-6th centuries Germanic peoples speaking West Germanic dialects settle most of Britain.
•Celts retreat to distant areas of Britain: Ireland, Scotland, Wales. The Celtic influence on English survives for the most part only in place names - London, Dover, Avon, York.
                             Romans
43 AD The Romans invade Britain, beginning 400 AD years of control over much of the island. Early 5th century with the collapse of the empire, Romans withdraw from Britain. So many words have Latin roots in modern English. For example, word “castra” (camp) meets in words -Lancaster, Manchester, Leicester. Many of the most commonly used words in modern English have Latin roots, for example: words street, wall, wine, pear, pepper.
        500-1100: The Old English  (or Anglo-Saxon) Period
•West Germanic invaders from Jutland and southern Denmark: the Angles Saxons, and Jutes, began to settle in the British Isles in the fifth and sixth centuries AD.
•About half of the most commonly used words in modern English have Old English roots. Words like be , water , and strong , for example, derive from Old English roots.
 Vikings
•The Vikings attack Wessex in 878, and the Saxon king, Alfred (of burning the cakes fame) had to flee to the Somerset marshes.
•English borrowed approximately two thousand lexical items from Old Norse, including anger , bag,  both, hit, law, leg, same, skill, sky, take, and many others, possibly even including the pronoun they.
The Norman Conquest and Middle English (1100-1500)
William the Conqueror, the Duke of Normandy, invaded and conquered England and the Anglo-Saxons in 1066 AD. The influence of the Normans can be illustrated by looking at two words, beef and cow. Many legal terms, such as indict, jury.
 Early Modern English (1500-1800)
The next wave of innovation in English came with the Renaissance. Words Shakespeare bequeathed to the language include "critical," "leapfrog," "majestic," "dwindle," and "pedant”. The first factor was the Great Vowel Shift. This was a change in pronunciation that began around 1400. The last major factor in the development of Modern English was the advent of the printing press. Spelling and grammar became fixed, and the first English dictionary was published in 1604.
Late-Modern English (1800-Present)
The principal distinction between early- and late-modern English is vocabulary. The industrial and scientific revolutions created a need for neologisms to describe the new creations and discoveries. Words like oxygen, protein, nuclear, vaccine, horsepower, airplane,  typewriter and etc.
Conclusion
English is spreading from northern Europe to the south and is now firmly entrenched as a second language in countries such as Sweden, Norway, Netherlands and Denmark. It is believed that over one billion people worldwide are currently learning English.
English has without a doubt become the global language.


title: Презентация на тему: The Liberal Democrats The Labour Party

text:
The Liberal Democrats  The Labour Party
Leader
Nick Clegg
Founded
3 March 1988
Political ideology
Liberalism,Social liberalism,Social democracy,Environmentalism
International affiliation
Liberal International
Colours
Gold
Was formed in the late 1980s from a union of the Liberals (who developed from the Whigs of the early nineteenth century) and the Social Democrats.
Policies has always been strongly emphasis the environment, believes in giving greater powers to local government and reform of the electoral system.
Voters from all classes, but more from the middle class.
Campaigns
The online campaign is encouraging people to complain about adverts which portray unrealistic and unhealthy body images.
The campaign calls for an end to savage National Health Service cuts, for the Government to stop wasting billions of pounds of health spending and for local people to have more say over local health services.
Nick Clegg
He attended Robinson College, Cambridge, after spending a gap year as a ski instructor in Austria and as an office junior in a Helsinki bank. At Cambridge, Clegg studied Archaeology and Anthropology. He was active in the student theatre, captain of the college tennis team, and campaigned for Survival International, protecting the rights of threatened indigenous peoples.
With Professor Richard Grayson he wrote a book in 2002 about the importance of devolution in secondary education systems.
Provides good opportunities for older people to remain active beyond retirement.
Leader
Gordon Brown
Founded
1900
Ideology
Democratic socialism,Social democracy, Trade Unionism
International affiliation
Socialist International
Official colours
Red

Was formed at beginning of the twentieth century from an alliance of trade s and intellectuals as the Labour Representative Committee.
In 1900 the Trades Union Congress co-operated with the Independent Labour Party to establish the Party, which was called the Labour Party.
Voters working class, plus a small middle-class intelligentsia.
Achievements
Gordon Brown
James Gordon Brown was born on 20 February 1951, Scotland.
Brown attended the University of Edinburgh, where he earned both an undergraduate degree and a doctorate in the study of history.
Thank you for attention!


title: Презентация на тему: The Lollipop Lady

text:
Match the signs and their descriptions
You should cross the street at the crossing
You should cross the street when the light is green
You should first look left when you cross the street in Russia
You should first look right when you cross the street in Great Britain


title: Презентация на тему: ТЕЛЕРЕКЛАМА

text:
television
 advantages
 disadvantages
channel
 broadcasting
 variety
 quality
advertisements
 documentaries
 comedies
 soap operas
 concerts
talk shows
commercials
a weather forecast

an advertisement

a talk show

sports news

a music program

a soap opera
Advantages
(+)
Disadvantages
(-)
Your home task:


title: Презентация на тему: TELEVISION AND TELECOMMUNICATION

text:
O.

u

e

v

5

2

1

1

Z
Kazan National Research Technical  University
g
r.
      TELEVISION AND TELECOMMUNICATION
        TELEVISION AND TELECOMMUNICATION
 Meaning of TV.
 TV in process of development.
 TV systems in close up.
 Conclusion
 Television is a widely used telecommunication medium for sending (broadcasting) and receiving moving images, either monochromatic (blаcк and white) or colour, usually accompanied by sound.

 ln its early stages of development, television included only those devices employing a combination of optical, mechanical and electronic technologies to capture, transmit and display a visual image.
In 1884 Paul G. Nipkow, a 20-year old university student in Germany invented the first electromechanical television system which employed a scanning disk, a spinning disk with a series of holes spiraling toward the center, for rasterization.
The holes were spaced at equal angular intervals such that in a single rotation the disk would allow light to pass through each hole and onto a light-sensitive selenium sensor which produced the electrical pulses. As an image was focused on the rotating disk, each hole captured a horizontal "slice" of the whole image.

Attempts of its improvement didn't stop up to the beginning of the 1930th years, and mechanical television appeared for                         the first time on air.
Conclusion
     20 century
19 century
  21 century
Invented the first electromechanical television system in 1884 of Paul G. Nipkow
Karl Braun in 1927 invented televisions depended also upon  the cathode-ray tube.
Liquidly - the Crystal(LC)  TV
   Thanks         For Your attention!
15 Words to TELEVISION AND TELECOMMUNICATION:
Widely – широко;
Medium – среда;
Sending -  послать;
Broadcasting – телерадиовещание, транслировать;
Either - любой, один из двух;
Modem -  интерфейс конечного пользователя компьютера, позволяющий выполнять передачу цифровых данных с помощью аналоговых систем, например, телефонных линий;
Gained – полученное;
Employed -  использованный;
Spinning – вращение;
Holes – дыры;
Toward - послушный; благонравный; предстоящий; по направлению к;
Rasterization – растеризация;
Spaced -  расположенными;
Rotation – чередование;
Focused - сосредоточеный.


title: Презентация на тему: Телевидение: за и против

text:
Name
...has  arguments with family members over what to watch.
TV is an anesthetic for the pain of the modern world.
TV has changed a child from an irresistible force to an immovable object.
TV has proved that people will look at anything rather than each other.

TV Prons.
1. TV may be a good company to those who have different problems in life and they look for calmness, zest of life in TV soaps, which help overcome their difficulties.
2. TV is convenient source of entertainment for those who want to relax from hectic, rhythm  of life.
3. TV provides enormous possibilities for education like school programmes.
 TV cons.
1. TV makes the viewer completely passive.
2. TV prevents people from communicating with each other.
3.People have grown addicted to TV, often neglecting the necessary and more important things.
a teacher
A pupil
A politician
Television (in general)
Channels
Broadcasting
Variety
Quality
 Different programmes
Adverts
+
?
-
Television
Educational, rubbish
To entertain, to addict, to disapprove
TV is controversial:  it is convenient  but demoralizing at the same time.
Box


title: Презентация на тему: The little red hen and the grain

text:
 The little red hen and the grain.
She found a grain of wheat and called  the cat, the duck, and the pig.

Who will help me to plant it?
Not I. I must go down to the pond for swim
Not I. I must  meet my guests.
Not I. I do not know how to plant anything.
The hen took a shovel and went to the field with her chicken.
Who will water the wheat?
Not I. I must hurry. Goodbye.
Not I. There is a mouse in my house. I must help her.
Not I. There is a nice dinner at my house. I must run.
We will do it.
After some time the weeds appeared.
Who is going to weed this wheat?
Not we. We cannot do this work. We must go.
So the hen and her chickens did the job.
Who will go to the mill and get flour?
I cannot carry heavy bags.
There is dust  near  the mill.
Who will bake bread?
Not we. We cannot do it.
Who is going to eat this loaf of bread?
We will.
Oh, no. We are going to eat it.
The end.


title: Презентация на тему: The London eye

text:
THE LONDON EYE.
The London Eye  is a giant 135-metre (443 ft) tall Ferris wheel situated on the banks of the River Thames in the British capital.
The London Eye is located at the western end of Jubilee Gardens, on the South Bank of the River Thames in the London Borough of Lambeth in England, between Westminster Bridge and Hungerford Bridge. The site is adjacent to that of the former Dome of Discovery, which was built for the Festival of Britain in 1951.
Houses of Parliament seen from London Eye
It is the tallest Ferris wheel in Europe, and the most popular paid tourist attraction in the United Kingdom, visited by over 3.5 million people annually.
History
The London Eye was formally opened by the then Prime Minister, Tony Blair, on 31 December 1999, although it was not opened to the public until 9 March 2000 because of technical problems. Since its opening, the Eye has become a major landmark and tourist attraction.
In 2009 Merlin Entertainments opened a pre-flight 4D Experience at The London Eye, which is included in the ticket price. The newly refurbished ticket hall and 4D cinema experience was designed by architects Kay Elliott working with Merlin Studios project designer Craig Sciba. Merlin Studios later appointed Simex-Iwerks as the 4D theatre hardware specialists. The film was written and directed by 3D director Julian Napier and 3D produced by Phil Streather. The same year the first stage of a £12.5 million capsule upgrade started. Each 10-tonne capsule was taken down and floated down the river to Tilbury Docks in Essex.

The London Eye marked its 10th anniversary on 9 March 2010.
Quiz:
In what year wheel construction has begun?

In 1998-1999
Name date of the 10th anniversary of "the London eye"?

The 9 th of March/ 2010/.
Thank you for attention!


title: Презентация на тему: The magic world of the English and American literature

text:
«The magic world of the English and American literature»
Муниципальное автономное общеобразовательное учреждение
Средняя общеобразовательная школа №1 г. Кунгура
Внеклассное мероприятие по английскому языку для учащихся 6 классов
Соавторы:
Крупнова Софья Юрьевна,
учитель английского языка 1 кв. категории
Шавырина Вера Андреевна,
Учитель английского языка высшей кв. категории
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Lewis Carroll  	Alan Alexander Milne  	Joanne Rowling	      Mark Twain

Robert Louis Stevenson	Jack London	Rudyard Kipling 	      John Tolkien
John Tolkien
Mark Twain
Joanne Rowling
Alan Alexander Milne
Rudyard Kipling
Jack London
Lewis Carroll
Robert Louis
Stevenson
a) … was translated into Russian by Boris Zakhoder.
1
2
3
4
5
6
b) … is a fairy tale about the hobbits and
          the magic things.
c) … consists of the Indian tales.
d) … is an adventure story about a boy and
          the pirates.
e) … was written to his friend’s daughter.
f) … has some parts about one boy and his friends.
… was translated into Russian
           by Boris Zakhoder.
1
2
3
4
5
6
b) … is a fairy tale about the hobbits and
          the magic things.
c) … consists of the Indian tales.
d) … is an adventure story about a boy and the pirates.
e) … was written for his friend’s daughter.
f) … has some parts about one boy and his friends.
What is it?
MARK TWAIN
Samuel Clemens
is something
to read.
A classic
wants
wants to have read
nobody
everybody
that
and
A classic is something that everybody wants to have read and nobody wants to read.
Классика – это то, что каждый хочет прочитать, а никто не читает.
My school library
LIBRARY RULES
Wash your hands before you begin to read.

Do not write anything on the pages.

Do not make drawings in the book.

Do not make “dog’s ears” in the book.

Do not tear the pages.

Do not lose your books.

Return the books in time.