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[
"Economy",
"Largest employers"
] | The five employers that employed the most employees in Alabama in April 2011 were: The next twenty largest employers, , included: | 303 | Alabama | [
"Alabama",
"1819 establishments in the United States",
"Southern United States",
"States and territories established in 1819",
"States of the Confederate States",
"States of the Gulf Coast of the United States",
"States of the United States",
"U.S. states with multiple time zones"
] | [
"Index of Alabama-related articles",
"Outline of Alabama"
] |
[
"Economy",
"Agriculture"
] | Alabama's agricultural outputs include poultry and [[Egg as food|eggs]], cattle, fish, plant nursery items, [[peanut]], cotton, grains such as [[Corn production in the United States|corn]] and [[sorghum]], vegetables, milk, [[soybean]], and peaches. Although known as "[[List of U.S. state nicknames|The Cotton State]]",... | 303 | Alabama | [
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"Southern United States",
"States and territories established in 1819",
"States of the Confederate States",
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"States of the United States",
"U.S. states with multiple time zones"
] | [
"Index of Alabama-related articles",
"Outline of Alabama"
] |
[
"Economy",
"Industry"
] | Alabama's industrial outputs include iron and steel products (including cast-iron and steel pipe); paper, [[lumber]], and wood products; mining (mostly coal); plastic products; cars and trucks; and [[apparel]]. In addition, Alabama produces [[aerospace]] and [[electronics|electronic]] products, mostly in the [[Huntsvil... | 303 | Alabama | [
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"1819 establishments in the United States",
"Southern United States",
"States and territories established in 1819",
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"States of the Gulf Coast of the United States",
"States of the United States",
"U.S. states with multiple time zones"
] | [
"Index of Alabama-related articles",
"Outline of Alabama"
] |
[
"Economy",
"Tourism and entertainment"
] | According to [[Business Insider]], Alabama ranked 14th in most popular states to visit in 2014. An estimated 26 million tourists visited the state in 2017 and spent $14.3 billion, providing directly or indirectly 186,900 jobs in the state, which includes 362,000 International tourists spending $589 million. The state i... | 303 | Alabama | [
"Alabama",
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"States and territories established in 1819",
"States of the Confederate States",
"States of the Gulf Coast of the United States",
"States of the United States",
"U.S. states with multiple time zones"
] | [
"Index of Alabama-related articles",
"Outline of Alabama"
] |
[
"Economy",
"Healthcare"
] | [[UAB Hospital]], [[University of South Alabama|USA Health University Hospital]], [[Huntsville Hospital System|Huntsville Hospital]], and Children's Hospital of Alabama are the only [[trauma center|LevelI trauma centers]] in Alabama. UAB is the largest state government employer in Alabama, with a workforce of about 18,... | 303 | Alabama | [
"Alabama",
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"States and territories established in 1819",
"States of the Confederate States",
"States of the Gulf Coast of the United States",
"States of the United States",
"U.S. states with multiple time zones"
] | [
"Index of Alabama-related articles",
"Outline of Alabama"
] |
[
"Economy",
"Banking"
] | [[Regions Financial Corporation]] and [[BBVA USA]] Bank are the largest banks headquartered in Alabama. Birmingham-based Compass Bancshares was acquired by Spanish-based [[BBVA]] in September 2007 with the headquarters of BBVA USA remaining in Birmingham. In November 2006, Regions Financial acquired [[AmSouth Bancorpor... | 303 | Alabama | [
"Alabama",
"1819 establishments in the United States",
"Southern United States",
"States and territories established in 1819",
"States of the Confederate States",
"States of the Gulf Coast of the United States",
"States of the United States",
"U.S. states with multiple time zones"
] | [
"Index of Alabama-related articles",
"Outline of Alabama"
] |
[
"Economy",
"Electronics and communications"
] | Telecommunications provider [[AT&T Inc.|AT&T]], formerly [[BellSouth]], has a major presence in Alabama with several large offices in Birmingham. Many commercial technology companies are headquartered in Huntsville, such as network access company [[ADTRAN]], computer graphics company [[Intergraph]], and IT infrastructu... | 303 | Alabama | [
"Alabama",
"1819 establishments in the United States",
"Southern United States",
"States and territories established in 1819",
"States of the Confederate States",
"States of the Gulf Coast of the United States",
"States of the United States",
"U.S. states with multiple time zones"
] | [
"Index of Alabama-related articles",
"Outline of Alabama"
] |
[
"Economy",
"Construction"
] | Rust International has grown to include [[Brasfield & Gorrie]], [[BE&K]], [[Hoar Construction]], and [[B.L. Harbert International]], which all routinely are included in the Engineering News-Record lists of top design, international construction, and engineering firms. (Rust International was acquired in 2000 by [[Washi... | 303 | Alabama | [
"Alabama",
"1819 establishments in the United States",
"Southern United States",
"States and territories established in 1819",
"States of the Confederate States",
"States of the Gulf Coast of the United States",
"States of the United States",
"U.S. states with multiple time zones"
] | [
"Index of Alabama-related articles",
"Outline of Alabama"
] |
[
"Law and government",
"State government"
] | The foundational document for Alabama's government is the [[Alabama Constitution]], which was ratified in 1901. At almost 800 amendments and 310,000 words, it is by some accounts the world's longest constitution and is roughly forty times the length of the [[United States Constitution]]. There has been a significant mo... | 303 | Alabama | [
"Alabama",
"1819 establishments in the United States",
"Southern United States",
"States and territories established in 1819",
"States of the Confederate States",
"States of the Gulf Coast of the United States",
"States of the United States",
"U.S. states with multiple time zones"
] | [
"Index of Alabama-related articles",
"Outline of Alabama"
] |
[
"Law and government",
"State government"
] | The [[Judiciary|judicial branch]] is responsible for interpreting the state's [[Alabama Constitution|Constitution]] and applying the law in state criminal and civil cases. The [[State supreme court|state's highest court]] is the [[Supreme Court of Alabama]]. Alabama uses partisan elections to select judges. Since the 1... | 303 | Alabama | [
"Alabama",
"1819 establishments in the United States",
"Southern United States",
"States and territories established in 1819",
"States of the Confederate States",
"States of the Gulf Coast of the United States",
"States of the United States",
"U.S. states with multiple time zones"
] | [
"Index of Alabama-related articles",
"Outline of Alabama"
] |
[
"Law and government",
"Taxes"
] | Taxes are collected by the [[Alabama Department of Revenue]]. Alabama levies a 2, 4, or5 percent [[State income tax|personal income tax]], depending on the amount earned and filing status. Taxpayers are allowed to deduct their [[Income tax in the United States|federal income tax]] from their Alabama state tax, even if ... | 303 | Alabama | [
"Alabama",
"1819 establishments in the United States",
"Southern United States",
"States and territories established in 1819",
"States of the Confederate States",
"States of the Gulf Coast of the United States",
"States of the United States",
"U.S. states with multiple time zones"
] | [
"Index of Alabama-related articles",
"Outline of Alabama"
] |
[
"Law and government",
"County and local governments"
] | Alabama has 67 [[county (United States)|counties]]. Each county has its own elected legislative branch, usually called the county commission. It also has limited executive authority in the county. Because of the constraints of the [[Alabama Constitution]], which centralizes power in the state legislature, only seven co... | 303 | Alabama | [
"Alabama",
"1819 establishments in the United States",
"Southern United States",
"States and territories established in 1819",
"States of the Confederate States",
"States of the Gulf Coast of the United States",
"States of the United States",
"U.S. states with multiple time zones"
] | [
"Index of Alabama-related articles",
"Outline of Alabama"
] |
[
"Law and government",
"Politics"
] | During [[Reconstruction Era|Reconstruction]] following the [[American Civil War]], Alabama was occupied by federal troops of the [[Third Military District]] under [[John Pope (military officer)|General John Pope]]. In 1874, the political coalition of white Democrats known as the [[Redeemers]] took control of the state ... | 303 | Alabama | [
"Alabama",
"1819 establishments in the United States",
"Southern United States",
"States and territories established in 1819",
"States of the Confederate States",
"States of the Gulf Coast of the United States",
"States of the United States",
"U.S. states with multiple time zones"
] | [
"Index of Alabama-related articles",
"Outline of Alabama"
] |
[
"Law and government",
"Elections",
"State elections"
] | With the [[Disfranchisement after Reconstruction era|disfranchisement of Blacks]] in 1901, the state became part of the "[[Solid South]]", a system in which the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] operated as effectively the only viable political party in every Southern state. For nearly a hundred yea... | 303 | Alabama | [
"Alabama",
"1819 establishments in the United States",
"Southern United States",
"States and territories established in 1819",
"States of the Confederate States",
"States of the Gulf Coast of the United States",
"States of the United States",
"U.S. states with multiple time zones"
] | [
"Index of Alabama-related articles",
"Outline of Alabama"
] |
[
"Law and government",
"Elections",
"Local elections"
] | Many local offices (county commissioners, boards of education, tax assessors, tax collectors, etc.) in the state are still held by Democrats. Many rural counties have voters who are majority Democrats, resulting in local elections being decided in the Democratic primary. Similarly many metropolitan and suburban countie... | 303 | Alabama | [
"Alabama",
"1819 establishments in the United States",
"Southern United States",
"States and territories established in 1819",
"States of the Confederate States",
"States of the Gulf Coast of the United States",
"States of the United States",
"U.S. states with multiple time zones"
] | [
"Index of Alabama-related articles",
"Outline of Alabama"
] |
[
"Law and government",
"Elections",
"Federal elections"
] | The state's two [[United States Senate|U.S. senators]] are Republican [[Richard Shelby|Richard C. Shelby]] and Republican [[Tommy Tuberville]]. Shelby was originally elected to the Senate as a Democrat in 1986 and re-elected in 1992, but switched parties immediately following the November 1994 general election. In the ... | 303 | Alabama | [
"Alabama",
"1819 establishments in the United States",
"Southern United States",
"States and territories established in 1819",
"States of the Confederate States",
"States of the Gulf Coast of the United States",
"States of the United States",
"U.S. states with multiple time zones"
] | [
"Index of Alabama-related articles",
"Outline of Alabama"
] |
[
"Education",
"Primary and secondary education"
] | Public primary and secondary education in Alabama is under the purview of the [[Alabama State Board of Education]] as well as local oversight by 67 county school boards and 60 city boards of education. Together, 1,496 individual schools provide education for 744,637 elementary and secondary students. Public school fund... | 303 | Alabama | [
"Alabama",
"1819 establishments in the United States",
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"States and territories established in 1819",
"States of the Confederate States",
"States of the Gulf Coast of the United States",
"States of the United States",
"U.S. states with multiple time zones"
] | [
"Index of Alabama-related articles",
"Outline of Alabama"
] |
[
"Education",
"Colleges and universities"
] | Alabama's programs of higher education include 14 four-year public universities, two-year community colleges, and 17 private, undergraduate and graduate universities. In the state are four medical schools (as of fall 2015) ([[University of Alabama School of Medicine]], [[University of South Alabama]] and [[Alabama Coll... | 303 | Alabama | [
"Alabama",
"1819 establishments in the United States",
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"States and territories established in 1819",
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"States of the Gulf Coast of the United States",
"States of the United States",
"U.S. states with multiple time zones"
] | [
"Index of Alabama-related articles",
"Outline of Alabama"
] |
[
"Media"
] | Major newspapers include ''[[The Birmingham News|Birmingham News]]'', Mobile ''[[Press-Register]]'', and ''[[Montgomery Advertiser]]''. Major television network affiliates in Alabama include: (-) [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] (-) [[WBMA-LD|WGWW]] 40.2 ABC, [[Anniston, Alabama|Anniston]] (-) [[WBMA-LD|WBMA 58]]/... | 303 | Alabama | [
"Alabama",
"1819 establishments in the United States",
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"States and territories established in 1819",
"States of the Confederate States",
"States of the Gulf Coast of the United States",
"States of the United States",
"U.S. states with multiple time zones"
] | [
"Index of Alabama-related articles",
"Outline of Alabama"
] |
[
"Culture",
"Sports",
"College sports"
] | College football is extremely popular in Alabama, particularly the [[University of Alabama]] [[Alabama Crimson Tide|Crimson Tide]] and [[Auburn University]] [[Auburn Tigers|Tigers]], rivals in the [[Southeastern Conference]]. In the 2013 season, Alabama averaged over 100,000 fans per game and Auburn averaged over 80,00... | 303 | Alabama | [
"Alabama",
"1819 establishments in the United States",
"Southern United States",
"States and territories established in 1819",
"States of the Confederate States",
"States of the Gulf Coast of the United States",
"States of the United States",
"U.S. states with multiple time zones"
] | [
"Index of Alabama-related articles",
"Outline of Alabama"
] |
[
"Culture",
"Sports",
"Professional sports"
] | Alabama has several professional and semi-professional sports teams, including three [[minor league baseball]] teams. (-) Notes The [[Talladega Superspeedway]] motorsports complex hosts a series of [[NASCAR]] events. It has a [[seating capacity]] of 143,000 and is the thirteenth largest stadium in the world and sixth l... | 303 | Alabama | [
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"1819 establishments in the United States",
"Southern United States",
"States and territories established in 1819",
"States of the Confederate States",
"States of the Gulf Coast of the United States",
"States of the United States",
"U.S. states with multiple time zones"
] | [
"Index of Alabama-related articles",
"Outline of Alabama"
] |
[
"Transportation",
"Aviation"
] | Major airports with sustained operations in Alabama include [[Birmingham-Shuttlesworth International Airport]] (BHM), [[Huntsville International Airport]] (HSV), [[Dothan Regional Airport]] (DHN), [[Mobile Regional Airport]] (MOB), [[Montgomery Regional Airport]] (MGM), [[Northwest Alabama Regional Airport]] (MSL) and ... | 303 | Alabama | [
"Alabama",
"1819 establishments in the United States",
"Southern United States",
"States and territories established in 1819",
"States of the Confederate States",
"States of the Gulf Coast of the United States",
"States of the United States",
"U.S. states with multiple time zones"
] | [
"Index of Alabama-related articles",
"Outline of Alabama"
] |
[
"Transportation",
"Rail"
] | For rail transport, [[Amtrak]] schedules the ''[[Crescent (train)|Crescent]]'', a daily passenger train, running from New York to New Orleans with station stops at [[Anniston station|Anniston]], [[Birmingham station (Alabama)|Birmingham]], and [[Tuscaloosa station|Tuscaloosa]]. | 303 | Alabama | [
"Alabama",
"1819 establishments in the United States",
"Southern United States",
"States and territories established in 1819",
"States of the Confederate States",
"States of the Gulf Coast of the United States",
"States of the United States",
"U.S. states with multiple time zones"
] | [
"Index of Alabama-related articles",
"Outline of Alabama"
] |
[
"Transportation",
"Roads"
] | Alabama has six major interstate routes: [[Interstate 65 in Alabama|Interstate 65]] (I-65) travels north–south roughly through the middle of the state; [[Interstate 20 in Alabama|I-20]]/[[Interstate 59 in Alabama|I-59]] travel from the central west Mississippi state line to Birmingham, where I-59 continues to the north... | 303 | Alabama | [
"Alabama",
"1819 establishments in the United States",
"Southern United States",
"States and territories established in 1819",
"States of the Confederate States",
"States of the Gulf Coast of the United States",
"States of the United States",
"U.S. states with multiple time zones"
] | [
"Index of Alabama-related articles",
"Outline of Alabama"
] |
[
"Transportation",
"Ports"
] | The [[Port of Mobile]], Alabama's only saltwater port, is a large seaport on the [[Gulf of Mexico]] with inland waterway access to the [[Midwestern United States|Midwest]] by way of the [[Tennessee–Tombigbee Waterway]]. The Port of Mobile was ranked 12th by tons of traffic in the United States during 2009. The newly ex... | 303 | Alabama | [
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"1819 establishments in the United States",
"Southern United States",
"States and territories established in 1819",
"States of the Confederate States",
"States of the Gulf Coast of the United States",
"States of the United States",
"U.S. states with multiple time zones"
] | [
"Index of Alabama-related articles",
"Outline of Alabama"
] |
[] | In [[Greek mythology]], '''Achilles''' ( ) or '''Achilleus''' (, ) was a hero of the [[Trojan War]], the greatest of all the Greek warriors, and is the central character of [[Homer]]'s ''[[Iliad]]''. He was the son of the [[Nereid]] [[Thetis]] and [[Peleus]], king of [[Phthia]]. Achilles' most notable feat during the T... | 305 | Achilles | [
"Achilles",
"Demigods in classical mythology",
"Achaean Leaders",
"Kings of the Myrmidons",
"Thessalians in the Trojan War",
"Greek mythological heroes",
"Mythological rapists",
"Metamorphoses characters",
"LGBT themes in Greek mythology"
] | [] |
[
"Etymology"
] | [[Linear B]] tablets attest to the personal name ''Achilleus'' in the forms ''a-ki-re-u'' and ''a-ki-re-we'', the latter being the [[dative case|dative]] of the former. The name grew more popular, even becoming common soon after the seventh century BC and was also turned into the female form Ἀχιλλεία (''Achilleía''), a... | 305 | Achilles | [
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"Demigods in classical mythology",
"Achaean Leaders",
"Kings of the Myrmidons",
"Thessalians in the Trojan War",
"Greek mythological heroes",
"Mythological rapists",
"Metamorphoses characters",
"LGBT themes in Greek mythology"
] | [] |
[
"Birth and early years"
] | Achilles was the son of the [[Thetis]], a [[nereid]], and [[Peleus]], the king of the [[Myrmidons]]. [[Zeus]] and [[Poseidon]] had been rivals for Thetis's hand in marriage until [[Prometheus]], the fore-thinker, warned Zeus of a prophecy (originally uttered by [[Themis]], goddess of divine law) that Thetis would bear ... | 305 | Achilles | [
"Achilles",
"Demigods in classical mythology",
"Achaean Leaders",
"Kings of the Myrmidons",
"Thessalians in the Trojan War",
"Greek mythological heroes",
"Mythological rapists",
"Metamorphoses characters",
"LGBT themes in Greek mythology"
] | [] |
[
"Birth and early years"
] | According to [[Photius]], the sixth book of the ''New History'' by [[Ptolemy Hephaestion]] reported that Thetis burned in a secret place the children she had by Peleus. When she had Achilles, Peleus noticed, tore him from the flames with only a burnt foot, and confided him to the centaur Chiron. Later Chiron exhumed th... | 305 | Achilles | [
"Achilles",
"Demigods in classical mythology",
"Achaean Leaders",
"Kings of the Myrmidons",
"Thessalians in the Trojan War",
"Greek mythological heroes",
"Mythological rapists",
"Metamorphoses characters",
"LGBT themes in Greek mythology"
] | [] |
[
"Birth and early years",
"Other names"
] | Among the appellations under which Achilles is generally known are the following: (-) '''Pyrisous''', "saved from the fire", his first name, which seems to favour the tradition in which his mortal parts were burned by his mother Thetis (-) '''Aeacides''', from his grandfather [[Aeacus]] (-) '''Aemonius''', from Aemonia... | 305 | Achilles | [
"Achilles",
"Demigods in classical mythology",
"Achaean Leaders",
"Kings of the Myrmidons",
"Thessalians in the Trojan War",
"Greek mythological heroes",
"Mythological rapists",
"Metamorphoses characters",
"LGBT themes in Greek mythology"
] | [] |
[
"Birth and early years",
"Hidden on Skyros"
] | Some post-Homeric sources claim that in order to keep Achilles safe from the war, Thetis (or, in some versions, Peleus) hid the young man at the court of [[Lycomedes]], king of [[Skyros]]. There, Achilles was disguised as a girl and lived among Lycomedes' daughters, perhaps under the name "Pyrrha" (the red-haired girl)... | 305 | Achilles | [
"Achilles",
"Demigods in classical mythology",
"Achaean Leaders",
"Kings of the Myrmidons",
"Thessalians in the Trojan War",
"Greek mythological heroes",
"Mythological rapists",
"Metamorphoses characters",
"LGBT themes in Greek mythology"
] | [] |
[
"In the Trojan War"
] | According to the ''Iliad'', Achilles arrived at Troy with 50 ships, each carrying 50 [[Myrmidons]]. He appointed five leaders (each leader commanding 500 Myrmidons): Menesthius, [[Eudoros|Eudorus]], Peisander, [[Phoenix (son of Amyntor)|Phoenix]] and Alcimedon. | 305 | Achilles | [
"Achilles",
"Demigods in classical mythology",
"Achaean Leaders",
"Kings of the Myrmidons",
"Thessalians in the Trojan War",
"Greek mythological heroes",
"Mythological rapists",
"Metamorphoses characters",
"LGBT themes in Greek mythology"
] | [] |
[
"In the Trojan War",
"Telephus"
] | When the Greeks left for the Trojan War, they accidentally stopped in [[Mysia]], ruled by King [[Telephus]]. In the resulting battle, Achilles gave Telephus a wound that would not heal; Telephus consulted an oracle, who stated that "he that wounded shall heal". Guided by the oracle, he arrived at [[Argos, Peloponnese|A... | 305 | Achilles | [
"Achilles",
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"Kings of the Myrmidons",
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"Greek mythological heroes",
"Mythological rapists",
"Metamorphoses characters",
"LGBT themes in Greek mythology"
] | [] |
[
"In the Trojan War",
"Troilus"
] | According to the ''[[Cypria]]'' (the part of the [[Epic Cycle]] that tells the events of the Trojan War before Achilles' wrath), when the [[Achaeans (Homer)|Achaeans]] desired to return home, they were restrained by Achilles, who afterwards attacked the cattle of [[Aeneas]], sacked neighbouring cities (like [[Pedasus]]... | 305 | Achilles | [
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"Mythological rapists",
"Metamorphoses characters",
"LGBT themes in Greek mythology"
] | [] |
[
"In the Trojan War",
"In the ''Iliad''"
] | Homer's ''Iliad'' is the most famous narrative of Achilles' deeds in the Trojan War. Achilles' wrath (μῆνις Ἀχιλλέως, ''mênis Achilléōs'') is the central theme of the poem. The first two lines of the ''Iliad'' read: The Homeric epic only covers a few weeks of the decade-long war, and does not narrate Achilles' death. I... | 305 | Achilles | [
"Achilles",
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"Greek mythological heroes",
"Mythological rapists",
"Metamorphoses characters",
"LGBT themes in Greek mythology"
] | [] |
[
"In the Trojan War",
"In the ''Iliad''"
] | Enraged over the death of Patroclus, Achilles ends his refusal to fight and takes the field, killing many men in his rage but always seeking out Hector. Achilles even engages in battle with the river god [[Scamander]], who has become angry that Achilles is choking his waters with all the men he has killed. The god trie... | 305 | Achilles | [
"Achilles",
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"Thessalians in the Trojan War",
"Greek mythological heroes",
"Mythological rapists",
"Metamorphoses characters",
"LGBT themes in Greek mythology"
] | [] |
[
"In the Trojan War",
"Later epic accounts: fighting Penthesilea and Memnon"
] | The ''[[Aethiopis]]'' (7th century BC) and a work named ''[[Posthomerica]]'', composed by [[Quintus of Smyrna]] in the fourth century CE, relate further events from the [[Trojan War]]. When [[Penthesilea]], queen of the [[Amazons]] and daughter of [[Ares]], arrives in Troy, Priam hopes that she will defeat Achilles. Af... | 305 | Achilles | [
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] | [] |
[
"In the Trojan War",
"Achilles and Patroclus"
] | The exact nature of Achilles' relationship with Patroclus has been a subject of dispute in both the classical period and modern times. In the ''Iliad'', it appears to be the model of a deep and loyal friendship. Homer does not suggest that Achilles and his close friend Patroclus had sexual relations. Although there is ... | 305 | Achilles | [
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"Greek mythological heroes",
"Mythological rapists",
"Metamorphoses characters",
"LGBT themes in Greek mythology"
] | [] |
[
"In the Trojan War",
"Death"
] | The death of Achilles, even if considered solely as it occurred in the oldest sources, is a complex one, with many different versions. In the oldest version, the ''Iliad'', and as predicted by [[Hector]] with his dying breath, the hero's death was brought about by [[Paris (mythology)|Paris]] with an arrow (to the heel ... | 305 | Achilles | [
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"Thessalians in the Trojan War",
"Greek mythological heroes",
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"Metamorphoses characters",
"LGBT themes in Greek mythology"
] | [] |
[
"In the Trojan War",
"Fate of Achilles' armour"
] | Achilles' armour was the object of a feud between [[Odysseus]] and [[Ajax the Great|Telamonian Ajax]] (Ajax the greater). They competed for it by giving speeches on why they were the bravest after Achilles to their Trojan prisoners, who, after considering both men's presentations, decided Odysseus was more deserving of... | 305 | Achilles | [
"Achilles",
"Demigods in classical mythology",
"Achaean Leaders",
"Kings of the Myrmidons",
"Thessalians in the Trojan War",
"Greek mythological heroes",
"Mythological rapists",
"Metamorphoses characters",
"LGBT themes in Greek mythology"
] | [] |
[
"In the Trojan War",
"Achilles, Ajax and a game of ''petteia''"
] | Numerous paintings on pottery have suggested a tale not mentioned in the literary traditions. At some point in the war, Achilles and [[Ajax the Great|Ajax]] were playing a [[board game]] (''petteia''). They were absorbed in the game and oblivious to the surrounding battle. The Trojans attacked and reached the heroes, w... | 305 | Achilles | [
"Achilles",
"Demigods in classical mythology",
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"Thessalians in the Trojan War",
"Greek mythological heroes",
"Mythological rapists",
"Metamorphoses characters",
"LGBT themes in Greek mythology"
] | [] |
[
"Worship and heroic cult"
] | The tomb of Achilles, extant throughout antiquity in [[Troad]], was venerated by [[Thessalians]], but also by [[Persians|Persian]] expeditionary forces, as well as by [[Alexander the Great]] and the Roman emperor [[Caracalla]]. Achilles' cult was also to be found at other places, e. g. on the island of [[Astypalaea]] i... | 305 | Achilles | [
"Achilles",
"Demigods in classical mythology",
"Achaean Leaders",
"Kings of the Myrmidons",
"Thessalians in the Trojan War",
"Greek mythological heroes",
"Mythological rapists",
"Metamorphoses characters",
"LGBT themes in Greek mythology"
] | [] |
[
"Worship and heroic cult"
] | In the following chapter of his book, Pliny refers to the same island as ''Achillea'' and introduces two further names for it: ''Leuce'' or ''Macaron'' (from Greek [νῆσος] μακαρῶν "island of the blest"). The "present day" measures, he gives at this point, seem to account for an identification of ''Achillea'' or ''Leuce... | 305 | Achilles | [
"Achilles",
"Demigods in classical mythology",
"Achaean Leaders",
"Kings of the Myrmidons",
"Thessalians in the Trojan War",
"Greek mythological heroes",
"Mythological rapists",
"Metamorphoses characters",
"LGBT themes in Greek mythology"
] | [] |
[
"Worship and heroic cult"
] | The Greek geographer [[Dionysius Periegetes]], who likely lived during the first century CE, wrote that the island was called ''Leuce'' "because the wild animals which live there are white. It is said that there, in Leuce island, reside the souls of Achilles and other heroes, and that they wander through the uninhabite... | 305 | Achilles | [
"Achilles",
"Demigods in classical mythology",
"Achaean Leaders",
"Kings of the Myrmidons",
"Thessalians in the Trojan War",
"Greek mythological heroes",
"Mythological rapists",
"Metamorphoses characters",
"LGBT themes in Greek mythology"
] | [] |
[
"Reception during antiquity",
"In Greek tragedy"
] | The [[tragedy|Greek tragedian]] [[Aeschylus]] wrote a trilogy of plays about Achilles, given the title ''Achilleis'' by modern scholars. The tragedies relate the deeds of Achilles during the Trojan War, including his defeat of [[Hector]] and eventual death when an arrow shot by [[Paris (mythology)|Paris]] and guided by... | 305 | Achilles | [
"Achilles",
"Demigods in classical mythology",
"Achaean Leaders",
"Kings of the Myrmidons",
"Thessalians in the Trojan War",
"Greek mythological heroes",
"Mythological rapists",
"Metamorphoses characters",
"LGBT themes in Greek mythology"
] | [] |
[
"Reception during antiquity",
"In Greek philosophy",
"Zeno"
] | The philosopher [[Zeno of Elea]] centred one of [[Zeno's paradoxes|his paradoxes]] on an imaginary footrace between "[[Epithets in Homer#Individuals|swift-footed]]" [[Achilles and the tortoise|Achilles and a tortoise]], by which he attempted to show that Achilles could not catch up to a tortoise with a head start, and ... | 305 | Achilles | [
"Achilles",
"Demigods in classical mythology",
"Achaean Leaders",
"Kings of the Myrmidons",
"Thessalians in the Trojan War",
"Greek mythological heroes",
"Mythological rapists",
"Metamorphoses characters",
"LGBT themes in Greek mythology"
] | [] |
[
"Reception during antiquity",
"In Greek philosophy",
"Plato"
] | In ''[[Hippias Minor]]'', a dialogue attributed to [[Plato]], an arrogant man named Hippias argues with [[Socrates]]. The two get into a discussion about lying. They decide that a person who is intentionally false must be "better" than a person who is unintentionally false, on the basis that someone who lies intentiona... | 305 | Achilles | [
"Achilles",
"Demigods in classical mythology",
"Achaean Leaders",
"Kings of the Myrmidons",
"Thessalians in the Trojan War",
"Greek mythological heroes",
"Mythological rapists",
"Metamorphoses characters",
"LGBT themes in Greek mythology"
] | [] |
[
"Reception during antiquity",
"In Roman and medieval literature"
] | The Romans, who traditionally traced their lineage to Troy, took a highly negative view of Achilles. [[Virgil]] refers to Achilles as a savage and a merciless butcher of men, while [[Horace]] portrays Achilles ruthlessly slaying women and children. Other writers, such as [[Catullus]], [[Propertius]], and [[Ovid]], repr... | 305 | Achilles | [
"Achilles",
"Demigods in classical mythology",
"Achaean Leaders",
"Kings of the Myrmidons",
"Thessalians in the Trojan War",
"Greek mythological heroes",
"Mythological rapists",
"Metamorphoses characters",
"LGBT themes in Greek mythology"
] | [] |
[
"In modern literature and arts",
"Literature"
] | (-) Achilles appears in Dante's ''[[Inferno (Dante)|Inferno]]'' (composed 1308–1320). He is seen in [[Hell]]'s second circle, that of lust. (-) Achilles is portrayed as a former hero who has become lazy and devoted to the love of Patroclus, in [[William Shakespeare]]'s ''[[Troilus and Cressida]]'' (1602). (-) The Frenc... | 305 | Achilles | [
"Achilles",
"Demigods in classical mythology",
"Achaean Leaders",
"Kings of the Myrmidons",
"Thessalians in the Trojan War",
"Greek mythological heroes",
"Mythological rapists",
"Metamorphoses characters",
"LGBT themes in Greek mythology"
] | [] |
[
"In modern literature and arts",
"Visual arts"
] | (-) ''Achilles with the Daughters of Lycomedes'' is a subject treated in paintings by [[Anthony van Dyck]] (before 1618; [[Museo del Prado]], Madrid) and [[Nicolas Poussin]] (c. 1652; [[Museum of Fine Arts, Boston]]) among others. (-) [[Peter Paul Rubens]] has authored a series of works on the life of Achilles, compris... | 305 | Achilles | [
"Achilles",
"Demigods in classical mythology",
"Achaean Leaders",
"Kings of the Myrmidons",
"Thessalians in the Trojan War",
"Greek mythological heroes",
"Mythological rapists",
"Metamorphoses characters",
"LGBT themes in Greek mythology"
] | [] |
[
"In modern literature and arts",
"Music"
] | Achilles has been frequently the subject of operas, ballets and related genres. (-) Operas titled ''Deidamia'' were composed by [[Francesco Cavalli]] (1644) and [[George Frideric Handel]] (1739). (-) ''[[Achille et Polyxène]]'' (Paris 1687) is an opera begun by [[Jean-Baptiste Lully]] and finished by [[Pascal Collasse]... | 305 | Achilles | [
"Achilles",
"Demigods in classical mythology",
"Achaean Leaders",
"Kings of the Myrmidons",
"Thessalians in the Trojan War",
"Greek mythological heroes",
"Mythological rapists",
"Metamorphoses characters",
"LGBT themes in Greek mythology"
] | [] |
[
"In modern literature and arts",
"Film and television"
] | In films Achilles has been portrayed in the following films and television series: (-) The 1924 film ''[[Helena (1924 film)|Helena]]'' by [[Carlo Aldini]] (-) The 1954 film ''[[Ulysses (1954 film)|Ulysses]]'' by [[Piero Lulli]] (-) The 1956 film ''[[Helen of Troy (film)|Helen of Troy]]'' by [[Stanley Baker]] (-) The 19... | 305 | Achilles | [
"Achilles",
"Demigods in classical mythology",
"Achaean Leaders",
"Kings of the Myrmidons",
"Thessalians in the Trojan War",
"Greek mythological heroes",
"Mythological rapists",
"Metamorphoses characters",
"LGBT themes in Greek mythology"
] | [] |
[
"In modern literature and arts",
"Architecture"
] | In 1890, [[Elisabeth of Bavaria]], Empress of Austria, had a summer palace built in [[Corfu]]. The building is named the [[Achilleion (Corfu)|Achilleion]], after Achilles. Its paintings and statuary depict scenes from the [[Trojan War]], with particular focus on Achilles. | 305 | Achilles | [
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"Greek mythological heroes",
"Mythological rapists",
"Metamorphoses characters",
"LGBT themes in Greek mythology"
] | [] |
[
"Namesakes"
] | (-) The name of Achilles has been used for at least nine [[Royal Navy]] warships since 1744 – both as and with the French spelling . A 60-gun ship of that name served at the Battle of Belleisle in 1761 while a 74-gun ship served at the [[Battle of Trafalgar]]. Other battle honours include Walcheren 1809. An armored cru... | 305 | Achilles | [
"Achilles",
"Demigods in classical mythology",
"Achaean Leaders",
"Kings of the Myrmidons",
"Thessalians in the Trojan War",
"Greek mythological heroes",
"Mythological rapists",
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"LGBT themes in Greek mythology"
] | [] |
[] | '''Abraham Lincoln''' (; February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was an American statesman and lawyer who served as the 16th [[president of the United States]] from 1861 until [[Assassination of Abraham Lincoln|his assassination]] in 1865. Lincoln led the nation through the [[American Civil War]], the country's greatest mo... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[] | Lincoln managed his own successful [[1864 United States presidential election|re-election campaign]]. He sought to heal the war-torn nation through reconciliation. On April 14, 1865, just days after the war's end at [[Battle of Appomattox Court House|Appomattox]], Lincoln was attending a play at [[Ford's Theatre]] with... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Family and childhood",
"Early life"
] | Abraham Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, the second child of [[Thomas Lincoln]] and [[Nancy Lincoln|Nancy Hanks Lincoln]], in a log cabin on [[Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historical Park|Sinking Spring Farm]] near [[Hodgenville, Kentucky]]. He was a descendant of [[Samuel Lincoln]], an Englishman who migr... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Family and childhood",
"Mother's death"
] | On October 5, 1818, Nancy Lincoln succumbed to [[milk sickness]], leaving 11-year-old Sarah in charge of a household including her father, 9-year-old Abraham, and Nancy's 19-year-old orphan cousin, Dennis Hanks. Ten years later, on January 20, 1828, Sarah died while giving birth to a [[stillborn]] son, devastating Linc... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Family and childhood",
"Education and move to Illinois"
] | Lincoln was mostly self-educated, except for some schooling from itinerant teachers of less than 12 months aggregate. He persisted as an avid reader and retained a lifelong interest in learning. Family, neighbors, and schoolmates recalled that his reading included the [[King James Version|King James Bible]], [[Aesop's ... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Family and childhood",
"Marriage and children"
] | Lincoln's first romantic interest was [[Ann Rutledge]], whom he met when he moved to New Salem. By 1835, they were in a relationship but not formally engaged. She died on August 25, 1835, most likely of [[typhoid fever]]. In the early 1830s, he met Mary Owens from Kentucky. Late in 1836, Lincoln agreed to a match with ... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Early career and militia service"
] | In 1832, Lincoln joined with a partner, [[Denton Offutt]], in the purchase of a general store on credit in New Salem. Although the economy was booming, the business struggled and Lincoln eventually sold his share. That March he entered politics, running for the [[Illinois General Assembly]], advocating navigational imp... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Illinois state legislature (1834–1842)"
] | Lincoln's second state house campaign in 1834, this time as a [[Whig Party (United States)|Whig]], was a success over a powerful Whig opponent. Then followed his four terms in the [[Illinois House of Representatives]] for [[Sangamon County]]. He championed construction of the [[Illinois and Michigan Canal]], and later ... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"U.S. House of Representatives (1847–1849)"
] | True to his record, Lincoln professed to friends in 1861 to be "an old line Whig, a disciple of Henry Clay". Their party favored economic modernization in banking, tariffs to fund [[internal improvements]] including railroads, and urbanization. In 1843, Lincoln sought the Whig nomination for [[Illinois's 7th congressio... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"U.S. House of Representatives (1847–1849)",
"Political views"
] | On foreign and military policy, Lincoln spoke against the [[Mexican–American War]], which he imputed to President [[James K. Polk]]'s desire for "military glory—that attractive rainbow, that rises in showers of blood". He supported the [[Wilmot Proviso]], a failed proposal to ban slavery in any U.S. territory won from ... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Prairie lawyer"
] | In his Springfield practice Lincoln handled "every kind of business that could come before a prairie lawyer". Twice a year he appeared for 10 consecutive weeks in county seats in the midstate county courts; this continued for 16 years. Lincoln handled transportation cases in the midst of the nation's western expansion,... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Republican politics (1854–1860)",
"Emergence as Republican leader"
] | The debate over the status of slavery in the territories failed to alleviate tensions between the slave-holding South and the free North, with the failure of the [[Compromise of 1850]], a legislative package designed to address the issue. In his 1852 eulogy for Clay, Lincoln highlighted the latter's support for gradual... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Republican politics (1854–1860)",
"Emergence as Republican leader",
"1856 campaign"
] | [[Bleeding Kansas|Violent political confrontations in Kansas]] continued, and opposition to the Kansas–Nebraska Act remained strong throughout the North. As the [[United States elections, 1856|1856 elections]] approached, Lincoln joined the Republicans and attended the [[Bloomington Convention]], which formally establi... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Republican politics (1854–1860)",
"Emergence as Republican leader",
"''Dred Scott v. Sandford''"
] | [[Dred Scott]] was a slave whose master took him from a slave state to a free territory under the Missouri Compromise. After Scott was returned to the slave state he petitioned a federal court for his freedom. His petition was denied in ''[[Dred Scott v. Sandford]]'' (1857). Supreme Court Chief Justice [[Roger B. Taney... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Republican politics (1854–1860)",
"Lincoln–Douglas debates and Cooper Union speech"
] | In 1858 Douglas was up for re-election in the U.S. Senate, and Lincoln hoped to defeat him. Many in the party felt that a former Whig should be nominated in 1858, and Lincoln's 1856 campaigning and support of Trumbull had earned him a favor. Some eastern Republicans supported Douglas from his opposition to the [[Lecomp... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Republican politics (1854–1860)",
"Lincoln–Douglas debates and Cooper Union speech"
] | Traveling untiringly Lincoln made about fifty speeches. By their quality and simplicity he quickly became the champion of the Republican party. However, unlike his overwhelming support in the mid-west his support in the east was not as great, where he sometimes encountered a lack of appreciation and in some quarters wa... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Republican politics (1854–1860)",
"1860 presidential election"
] | On May 9–10, 1860, the Illinois Republican State Convention was held in Decatur. Lincoln's followers organized a campaign team led by [[David Davis (Supreme Court justice)|David Davis]], [[Norman B. Judd|Norman Judd]], [[Leonard Swett]], and Jesse DuBois, and Lincoln received his first endorsement. Exploiting his embel... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Republican politics (1854–1860)",
"1860 presidential election"
] | As Douglas and the other candidates campaigned, Lincoln gave no speeches, relying on the enthusiasm of the Republican Party. The party did the leg work that produced majorities across the North, and produced an abundance of campaign posters, leaflets, and newspaper editorials. Republican speakers focused first on the p... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Presidency (1861–1865)",
"Secession and inauguration"
] | The South was outraged by Lincoln's election, and in response secessionists implemented plans to leave the Union before he took office in March 1861. On December 20, 1860, South Carolina took the lead by adopting an ordinance of secession; by February 1, 1861, Florida, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texa... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Presidency (1861–1865)",
"Secession and inauguration"
] | Lincoln cited his plans for banning the expansion of slavery as the key source of conflict between North and South, stating "One section of our country believes slavery is right and ought to be extended, while the other believes it is wrong and ought not to be extended. This is the only substantial dispute." The presid... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Presidency (1861–1865)",
"Civil War"
] | [[Robert Anderson (Civil War)|Major Robert Anderson]], commander of the Union's [[Fort Sumter]] in Charleston, South Carolina, sent a request for provisions to Washington, and Lincoln's order to meet that request was seen by the secessionists as an act of war. On April 12, 1861, Confederate forces fired on Union troops... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Presidency (1861–1865)",
"Civil War",
"Union military strategy"
] | Lincoln took executive control of the war and shaped the [[Union (American Civil War)|Union]] military strategy. He responded to the unprecedented political and military crisis as [[commander-in-chief]] by exercising unprecedented authority. He expanded his war powers, imposed a blockade on Confederate ports, disbursed... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Presidency (1861–1865)",
"Civil War",
"Union military strategy"
] | Lincoln's war strategy embraced two priorities: ensuring that Washington was well-defended and conducting an aggressive war effort for a prompt, decisive victory. Twice a week, Lincoln met with his cabinet in the afternoon. Occasionally Mary prevailed on him to take a carriage ride, concerned that he was working too ha... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Presidency (1861–1865)",
"Civil War",
"General McClellan"
] | After the Union rout at [[First Battle of Bull Run|Bull Run]] and [[Winfield Scott]]'s retirement, Lincoln appointed Major General [[George B. McClellan]] general-in-chief. McClellan then took months to plan his Virginia [[Peninsula Campaign]]. McClellan's slow progress frustrated Lincoln, as did his position that no t... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Presidency (1861–1865)",
"Civil War",
"Emancipation Proclamation"
] | The Federal government's power to end slavery was limited by the Constitution, which before 1865 delegated the issue to the individual states. Lincoln argued that slavery would be rendered obsolete if its expansion into new territories were prevented. He sought to persuade the states to agree to [[compensated emancipat... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Presidency (1861–1865)",
"Civil War",
"Gettysburg Address (1863)"
] | Lincoln spoke at the dedication of the Gettysburg battlefield cemetery on November 19, 1863. In 272 words, and three minutes, Lincoln asserted that the nation was born not in 1789, but in 1776, "conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal". He defined the war as dedicated to th... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Presidency (1861–1865)",
"Civil War",
"General Grant"
] | [[Ulysses S. Grant|Grant's]] victories at the [[Battle of Shiloh]] and in the [[Vicksburg campaign]] impressed Lincoln. Responding to criticism of Grant after Shiloh, Lincoln had said, "I can't spare this man. He fights." With Grant in command, Lincoln felt the Union Army could advance in multiple theaters, while also ... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Presidency (1861–1865)",
"Re-election"
] | Lincoln ran for reelection in 1864, while uniting the main Republican factions, along with [[War Democrats]] [[Edwin M. Stanton]] and Andrew Johnson. Lincoln used conversation and his patronage powers—greatly expanded from peacetime—to build support and fend off the Radicals' efforts to replace him. At its convention, ... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Presidency (1861–1865)",
"Reconstruction"
] | Reconstruction preceded the war's end, as Lincoln and his associates considered the reintegration of the nation, and the fates of Confederate leaders and freed slaves. When a general asked Lincoln how the defeated Confederates were to be treated, Lincoln replied, "Let 'em up easy." Lincoln was determined to find meanin... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Presidency (1861–1865)",
"Reconstruction"
] | Historians agree that it is impossible to predict exactly how Reconstruction would have proceeded had Lincoln lived. Biographers James G. Randall and [[Richard Current]], according to David Lincove, argue that: [[Eric Foner]] argues that: | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Presidency (1861–1865)",
"Native American policy"
] | Lincoln's experience with Indians followed the death of his grandfather Abraham at their hands, in the presence of his father and uncles. Lincoln claimed Indians were antagonistic toward his father, Thomas Lincoln, and his young family. Although Lincoln was a veteran of the Black Hawk War, which was fought in Wisconsin... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Presidency (1861–1865)",
"Other enactments"
] | In the selection and use of his cabinet, Lincoln employed the strengths of his opponents in a manner that emboldened his presidency. Lincoln commented on his thought process, "We need the strongest men of the party in the Cabinet. We needed to hold our own people together. I had looked the party over and concluded that... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Presidency (1861–1865)",
"Judicial appointments",
"Supreme Court appointments"
] | Lincoln's philosophy on court nominations was that "we cannot ask a man what he will do, and if we should, and he should answer us, we should despise him for it. Therefore we must take a man whose opinions are known." Lincoln made five appointments to the Supreme Court. [[Noah Haynes Swayne]] was an anti-slavery lawyer... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Presidency (1861–1865)",
"Judicial appointments",
"Other judicial appointments"
] | Lincoln appointed 27 judges to the [[United States district courts]] but no judges to the [[United States circuit court]] during his time in office. | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Presidency (1861–1865)",
"States admitted to the Union"
] | [[West Virginia]] was admitted to the Union on June 20, 1863. [[Nevada]], which became the third state in the far-west of the continent, was admitted as a free state on October 31, 1864. | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Presidency (1861–1865)",
"Assassination"
] | [[John Wilkes Booth]] was a well-known actor and a Confederate spy from Maryland; though he never joined the Confederate army, he had contacts with the Confederate secret service. After attending an April 11, 1865 speech in which Lincoln promoted voting rights for blacks, Booth hatched a plot to assassinate the Preside... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Presidency (1861–1865)",
"Funeral and burial"
] | The late President lay in state, first in the East Room of the White House, and then in the Capitol Rotunda from April 19 through April 21. The caskets containing Lincoln's body and the body of his son Willie traveled for three weeks on the ''Lincoln Special'' [[Funeral and burial of Abraham Lincoln#Funeral train|funer... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Religious and philosophical beliefs"
] | As a young man, Lincoln was a [[religious skepticism|religious skeptic]]. He was deeply familiar with the Bible, quoting and praising it. He was private about his position on organized religion and respected the beliefs of others. He never made a clear profession of Christian beliefs. Through his entire public career, ... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Religious and philosophical beliefs"
] | Lincoln did believe in an all-powerful God that shaped events and by 1865 was expressing those beliefs in major speeches. By the end of the war, he increasingly appealed to the Almighty for solace and to explain events, writing on April 4, 1864, to a newspaper editor in Kentucky: I claim not to have controlled events, ... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Health"
] | Lincoln is believed to have had [[depression (mood)|depression]], [[smallpox]], and [[malaria]]. He took [[blue mass]] pills, which contained [[mercury (element)|mercury]], to treat [[constipation]]. It is unknown to what extent he may have suffered from [[mercury poisoning]]. Several claims have been made that Lincoln... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Legacy",
"Republican values"
] | Lincoln's redefinition of ''[[Republicanism in the United States|republican values]]'' has been stressed by historians such as [[John Patrick Diggins]], [[Harry V. Jaffa]], [[Vernon Burton]], Eric Foner, and Herman J. Belz. Lincoln called the [[United States Declaration of Independence|Declaration of Independence]]—whi... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Legacy",
"Reunification of the states"
] | In Lincoln's first inaugural address, he explored the nature of democracy. He denounced secession as anarchy, and explained that majority rule had to be balanced by constitutional restraints. He said "A majority held in restraint by constitutional checks and limitations, and always changing easily with deliberate chang... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Legacy",
"Historical reputation"
] | In [[Historical rankings of presidents of the United States|surveys of U.S. scholars ranking presidents]] conducted since 1948, the top three presidents are Lincoln, Washington, and [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]], although the order varies. Between 1999 and 2011, Lincoln, [[John F. Kennedy]], and [[Ronald Reagan]] have ... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Legacy",
"Historical reputation"
] | In the [[Cold War]] years, Lincoln's image shifted to a symbol of freedom who brought hope to those oppressed by [[Communist regime]]. By the late 1960s, some African-American intellectuals, led by [[Lerone Bennett Jr.]], rejected Lincoln's role as the Great Emancipator. Bennett won wide attention when he called Lincol... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[
"Legacy",
"Memory and memorials"
] | Lincoln's portrait appears on two denominations of [[United States currency]], the [[Penny (United States coin)|penny]] and the [[United States five-dollar bill|$5 bill]]. His likeness also appears on many [[Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps#Abraham Lincoln|postage stamps]]. While he is usually por... | 307 | Abraham Lincoln | [
"Abraham Lincoln",
"1809 births",
"1865 deaths",
"1865 murders in the United States",
"19th-century American politicians",
"19th-century presidents of the United States",
"American abolitionists",
"American colonization movement",
"American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law",
... | [
"List of civil rights leaders",
"List of photographs of Abraham Lincoln",
"Outline of Abraham Lincoln",
"Lincoln Tower",
"Grace Bedell",
"Dakota War of 1862"
] |
[] | '''Aristotle''' (; ''Aristotélēs'', ; 384–322 BC) was a Greek [[philosopher]] and [[polymath]] during the [[Classical Greece|Classical period]] in [[Ancient Greece]]. Taught by [[Plato]], he was the founder of the [[Lyceum (Classical)|Lyceum]], the [[Peripatetic school]] of philosophy, and the [[Aristotelianism|Aristot... | 308 | Aristotle | [
"Aristotle",
"Aristotelianism",
"384 BC births",
"322 BC deaths",
"4th-century BC philosophers",
"4th-century BC writers",
"Academic philosophers",
"Acting theorists",
"Ancient Greek biologists",
"Ancient Greek economists",
"Ancient Greek epistemologists",
"Ancient Greek ethicists",
"Ancient... | [
"Perfectionism",
"Aristotelian Society",
"Conimbricenses"
] |
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